Exercises

Exercise 1

    • Preložte. Všímajte si použitie slov could, should a ought to.

    10 We ought not to forget that.
    8 Don't tell him! - Why shouldn't I?
    1 Could you wait a minute?
    14 Who else could do it?
    7 Who should I turn to?
    11 It shouldn't take long.
    5 How should I know?
    15 Could I have another beer?
    6 Why should he help us?
    4 You shouldn't eat so much.
    2 How could he know that?
    9 They ought to be careful.
    13 What else should we bring?
    16 Shouldn't he get another chance?
    12 Why couldn't they do it?
    3 He should look after her.

    Pozor na slova other ˈʌðə a another əˈnʌðə! Obe znamenajú ďalší či iný. Another sa ale viaže iba k jednotnému číslu počítateľných podstatných mien a vyjadruje dodatočnosť či odlišnosť. Napr.: another beer, another week, another time (niekedy inokedy) ap. Other sa spája s množným číslom a nepočítateľnými podstatnými menami a znamená ostatní (zostávajúci). Napr.: other people, other things, other information ap. Another netvorí zápor s no ani otázku s any a treba potom namiesto neho použiť slovo other. Napr.: There's no other way., Is there any other way? ap. Zámeno (the) others ˈʌðəz znamená (tí) ostatní, druhí (v skupine ap.)

    Exercise 2

    • Odpovedzte na otázky podľa obrázka.

    Exercise 2
    2 Is the tall man young or old?
    7 Is the woman on the left wearing high heels?
    5 Is the man wearing a watch tall or short?
    4 Does the man in black jacket have a beard?
    3 What colour is the cap of the blonde woman?
    1 How many people in the picture have dark hair?
    13 How many people are wearing something around their neck?
    6 Who's wearing glasses?
    11 Are the trousers of the woman in the middle blue?
    10 Who's wearing a long white sweater?
    8 What colour is the short dress of woman no. 4?
    12 Which woman is wearing a shirt?
    9 Who's the shortest in the picture?

    Termín trousers je britský. V americkej angličtine sú nohavice pants pænts. Pozor! V britskej angličtine sú ale pants (pánske) spodky.

    Exercise 3

    • Preložte pomocou should. Využite pomôcky.

    2 Mám to otvoriť?
    open
    7 Nemal by jej to dávať.
    give, to her
    1 Nemal by si mu veriť.
    believe
    8 Malo by to byť omnoho lacnejšie.
    much cheaper
    5 Mal by byť naspäť o desať minút.
    be back
    6 Mali by sme sa poponáhľať.
    hurry
    4 To by nemal byť problém.
    (no) problem
    3 Prečo by som mal zostávať doma?
    stay at home

    Exercise 4

    • Povedzte pomocou should, čo by mal niekto v danej situácii robiť.

    1 John gets up at 7 and is usually late for school. get up, early
    6 Jane wants to go there alone. not, alone
    10 The TV is broken. somebody, repair
    8 Eve is still sleeping. somebody, wake up
    9 Jack mustn't know about that! nobody, tell
    2 Bob and Jane are late. hurry up
    12 The phone is ringing. I, pick it up?
    4 He doesn't help his mum very much. help, more
    11 The kids watch TV every day. not, watch TV, so often
    5 His parents don't have enough money. work, harder
    7 Bob often forgets to wash his hands. not forget
    3 Frank drinks too much alcohol. not, drink so much

    Exercise 5

    • Preložte. Všímajte si použitie podmienkových viet a časov.

    11 I won't buy it unless it costs less than 20 dollars.
    5 If I have time, I'll come.
    3 You won't get there unless you have a ticket.
    4 Don't buy it unless you really need it.
    6 He won't do it unless we help him.
    10 If she comes, I'll call you.
    8 If he finds out, he'll be angry.
    1 If I see her, I'll tell her.
    12 He won't make enough money unless he works twelve hours a day.
    9 You shouldn't enter unless they tell you.
    2 He'll be fat if he eats too much.
    7 He'll do it if you ask him.

    Exercise 6

    • Doplňte správne slovo.

    4 She speaks neither English Spanish.
    2 She eats nor drinks and she looks tired.
    6 It's freezing today. The temperature is zero.
    1 Is she tall? Yes, she is a head than me!
    8 It's too hard for her. I think that we help her.
    10 How come there were no women the guests?
    9 It's too late. We'd go now.
    3 Either you call him I'll do it.
    5 Do you wear glasses? Yes, but I'm not them today.
    7 You'd ask somebody if you don't know.

    Naučte sa užitočné ustálené spojenie: How come? Po slovensky znamená: Ako to?

    Exercise 7

    • Preložte podmienkové súvetia - zero conditional. Využite pomôcky.

    2 Ak to chce, nech mi zavolá. want, let, call
    1 Ak to vieš, tak to povedz! know, say
    3 Ak máte záujem, dajte mi vedieť. be interested, let know
    4 Ak si hladný, tak sa najedz. be hungry, eat something
    6 Keď sa poponáhľaš, stihneš to. hurry, you, can make it
    7 Keď dosť nespíš, cítiš sa unavený. not sleep enough, feel tired
    9 Keď veľa ješ, tak tlstneš. eat too much, get fat
    5 Ak potrebujú peniaze, nech požiadajú rodičov. need money, ask their parents
    8 Ak ti nie je dobre, choď k doktorovi. not feel well, go to the doctor's

    Get fat znamená stlstnúť, stučnieť - stať sa tlstým (fat je tlstý, ale tiež tučný).

    Exercise 8

    • Spojte súvisiace výroky do podmienkových súvetí.

    • 1 If you're cold,
    • 2 Don't eat it
    • 3 If he's still sleeping,
    • 4 She should have a rest
    • 5 If he needs to speak to her,
    • 6 We should hurry up
    • 7 If you don't know,
    • 8 You'll be tired,
    • f ask somebody.
    • g if you don't sleep enough.
    • h he should call her.
    • a you should wake him up.
    • c you should get dressed.
    • e if we want to catch the bus.
    • b if she feels tired.
    • d if you don't like it.

    Exercise 9

    • Vyberte vhodnú predložku.

    14 There's somebody past/behind/beyond the door. I can hear it.
    12 Temperatures will be over/above/beyond zero.
    1 I'll wait on/for/at you on/at/to the airport.
    15 Only children above/beyond/over 15 years old can go there.
    7 He's usually at/in/on home among/between/behind 4 and 8 p.m.
    2 What can you see on/in/to the photo?
    6 I'm leaving for/to/at work in ten minutes.
    8 Don't sit at/on/in the floor. Let's sit at/to/next that table.
    11 I couldn't see her between/among/from the other students.
    4 She isn't used at/for/to working hard.
    5 We'll meet before/beside/outside the shop.
    13 She stood on/by/to the window. I could see her from outside.
    9 I won't be on/at/to work tomorrow.
    3 He went at/to/for work but I'm still on/in/at bed.
    10 Is it far from here? No, It's just over/around/behind the corner.

    Slovo over je aj prídavné meno a tvorí dôležité ustálené spojenie be over - skončiť, byť na konci. Napr.: It's (all) over. - “Je po všetkom., Je koniec.” ap.

    Exercise 10

    • Povedzte po anglicky. Dajte pozor na správne predložky.

    8 Môžem sedieť medzi vami?
    15 Choďte až za most a odbočte vľavo.
    11 Aký je medzi nimi rozdiel?
    1 Idem do práce.
    9 Bob zajtra odchádza do Londýna.
    13 Sú medzi nimi nejaké deti?
    10 Môžem si sadnúť vedľa teba?
    4 Budem u mamy.
    6 Vytiahni to z tašky.
    12 Čo je za týmito dverami?
    14 Žijú mimo mesto.
    2 O koľkej odchádzaš do školy?
    7 Vonku je pod nulou.
    3 Frank je stále v práci.
    5 Daj to do auta.

    Rozumiete tomuto citátu?: Once we accept our limits, we go beyond them. (Môžete použiť slovník - once tu znamená keď) Viete, kto je jeho autorom?

    Exercise 11

    • Doplňte správnu predložku.

    1 The bus is in front of the car, so the car is the bus.
    6 What is the difference them?
    10 I hope that the problems are us now. I'm tired of it.
    4 If there are 20 people. There won't be enough room.
    8 You can get inside that door.
    5 Do you mind if I sit next you?
    9 I couldn't see her all the people. She's very short.
    2 If he isn't inside the house, he must be (the house).
    7 Take it of the bags and put it the car.
    3 My mum is still work and my brother is school.

    Slová inside a outside sú v angličtine aj príslovky vnútri a vonku.

    Exercise 12

    • Preložte.

    4 Bude nahnevaná, ak tam pôjdeš.
    1 Ak máš strach, zostaň doma.
    10 Kúpim mu psa, pokiaľ sa o neho bude starať.
    9 Pokiaľ to bude možné, urobím to.
    7 Ak nebude pršať, pôjdeme von.
    2 Ak to pošle, dám ti vedieť.
    6 Kto to urobí, keď ona odíde?
    5 Čo budeme robiť, ak John nepríde?
    3 Nerob to, pokiaľ ti nepoviem.
    8 Keď budeš veľa jesť, budeš tučný.

    Exercise 13

    • Doplňte can, could alebo should.

    2 John knows that. He by mohol help you.
    8 We need help. Who by sme sa mali we turn to?
    9 We'll all be there. Will you môcť come?
    5 She's too young. Someone by mal help her.
    6 I really don't like him. I nemôžem stand him.
    1 It's ten to six. The bus by mal be here in ten minutes.
    10 How long will it take? – It nemalo by take long.
    7 Children môžu cause problems.
    4 It's dangerous. Children by nemali use it.
    3 He was old and nemohol get up.

    Exercise 14

    • Preložte.

    3 Bolo to včera v televízii.
    1 Mohli by ste mi to poslať?
    17 Choďte hore po schodoch.
    13 Som zvyknutý na skoré vstávanie.
    2 Budem doma o šiestej (večer).
    4 Nemal by si tu fajčiť.
    9 Mal by si byť opatrnejší.
    5 Mohol by som sa k vám pridať?
    15 Ako sa vám to páčilo?
    8 Mal by som už radšej ísť.
    14 Buď mu to povieš ty alebo ja!
    10 Mali by s tým niečo robiť.
    18 Pripadalo mi to celkom zaujímavé.
    16 Nezaujímam sa o autá.
    7 Mal byť späť medzi 6. a 7.
    6 To by nemal byť problém.
    12 Nosíte okuliare?
    11 Má na sebe červené šaty. (ona)

    Termínom handsome ˈhændsəm, ktorým naznačujeme príjemné, ostré rysy, označujeme hlavne mužov. V spojitosti so ženami a deťmi sa používa skôr pretty ˈprɪtɪ (pekný), alebo silnejšie beautiful ˈbjuːtɪfəl (krásny), pretože naznačujú jemné rysy. Oboma výrazmi možno označiť i veci, miesta ap. Attractive əˈtræktɪv (príťažlivý) a good-looking gʊdˈlʊkɪŋ (pekný) sa vzťahuje ako na mužov, tak aj na ženy.

    Spojenie: by my watch znamená: podľa mojich hodiniek (je toľko hodín.) My watch is slow. znamená: Idú mi pozadu hodinky. (slow - pomalý) Naopak: My watch is fast. je: Hodinky mi idú dopredu. (fast - rýchly)