Exercises

Exercise 1

    • Čítajte nahlas a preložte.

    1 He's a learner of English.
    2 What's your name?
    3 Let me introduce myself.
    4 My name is ...
    5 I'm not from here.
    6 Where are you from?
    7 Is there anybody here?
    8 Are they waiting for me?
    9 That's my sister's car.
    10 There are many foreigners here.
    11 How much is it?
    12 That's not true!
    13 What will you do?
    14 Shall we go?
    15 Can you help us?
    16 We can't wait.
    17 You'll have to ask him.
    18 Have some!
    19 I hope not.
    20 I have to go.

    Exercise 2

    • Napíšte anglicky celými slovami číselné údaje.

    1 45 children
    2 267 people
    3 876.7
    4 16.78
    5 3.06
    6 86.05
    7 2,568
    8 17,999.5
    9 376,750
    10 14,064,559

    V angličtine je tiež možné vyslovovať číslovky pomocou násobku celých stoviek podobne ako v češtine, a to aj pre číslovky nad 2000. Napr. 1,200 - twelve hundred, ale tiež napríklad 2,500 - twenty-five hundred ap.

    Exercise 3

    • Napíšte vety, ktoré počujete.

    1
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    Exercise 4

    • Spojte výroky. Naučte sa názvy krajín a pomenovania ich príslušníkov.

    • 1 John is English.
    • 2 Lucia is Spanish.
    • 3 Ivan is Russian.
    • 4 Helga and Kurt are German.
    • 5 Bob and Jane are American.
    • 6 Keiko is Japanese.
    • 7 Cheng is Chinese.
    • 8 Luis and Jean are French.
    • 9 Mark and Alison are Irish.
    • 10 Paolo and Valeria are Italian.
    • a They're from Ireland.
    • b He's from China.
    • c They're from Germany.
    • d He's from England.
    • e They're from Italy.
    • f She's from Spain.
    • g They're from the USA.
    • h He's from Russia.
    • i They're from France.
    • j She's from Japan.

    Ďalšie národnosti a ich príslušníkov si môžete naštudovať pomocou slovníka. Neštandardné je napríklad: dánsky - Danish ˈdeɪnɪʃ, ale Dán je Dane deɪn, španielsky - Spanish spænɪʃ, ale Španiel je Spaniard ˈspænjəd. My však už vieme, že: “Je to Španiel.” sa dá povedať jednoducho pomocou adjektíva: He's Spanish. Treba si teda hlavne vždy uvedomiť, kedy použiť anglické podstatné meno a kedy adjektívum.

    Exercise 5

    • Doplňte podľa kontextu správne zámená.

    1 There's my brother. Go ask .
    2 My sister is going out tonight. I'm going with .
    3 Our dog is hungry. We must give some food.
    4 Call your parents and ask . They'll tell you.
    5 Here's your milk. Drink now!
    6 We aren't ready. Can you wait for ?
    7 Who's that boy? What's name?
    8 Our kids are too young. We can't take with us.
    9 Can I speak to , John?
    10 Look. There's Bob's sister! No, that's not . She has dark hair.
    11 We must know this. Please, let know.
    12 I need to speak with him. Tell him to call .

    Sloveso need to sa dnes užíva tiež ako musieť (o nutnosti plynúcej z okolností). Napr.: You need to stop it. - Musíš s tým prestať., You need to listen to me. - Musíš ma počúvať.

    Exercise 6

    • Usporiadajte slová do viet podľa bežného anglického slovosledu.

    1 speak - to - need - I - you - to.
    2 long - it - take - will - how?
    3 her - tell - about - don't - it!
    4 you - the - tonight - coming - party - to - are?
    5 will - I - it - tell - tomorrow - him - about.
    6 your - do - homework - when - you - will?
    7 back - will - we - be - about - six - at - p.m.
    8 like - weather - is - what - the - today?

    Exercise 7

    • Doplňte do vety vhodné tvary slovesa be v prítomnom čase.

    1 Peter, you coming to the party tonight?
    2 There lots of children.
    3 What going on?
    4 I must hurry. My children waiting for me.
    5 these books yours?
    6 I not afraid of you.
    7 Our children too young for that.
    8 Water good for you.
    9 I right? No, you wrong!
    10 Why you laughing?
    11 How much money there? There 15 dollars.
    12 It true! He lying!

    Do you get the joke? - Rozumiete vtipu? (Môžete použiť slovník.): I have 10 legs, 8 arms and 3 heads. What am I? - A liar!

    Exercise 8

    • Doplňte podľa pomôcok správne tvary privlastňovacích zámen.

    1 What's that girl's name? she name is Jane.
    2 You can't have it. It isn't you .
    3 There are many parents with they children.
    4 It'll be at our house, not they .
    5 Is that your dog? What's it name?
    6 He can't call you. he phone isn't working.
    7 The kids are hungry. They want they food.
    8 I phone isn't working. Can I use you ?
    9 He's a good friend of I .
    10 We want something for we children.

    Exercise 9

    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    1 How much/old/tall is your dad? – He's 43.
    2 Which/Who/What are you looking for? – I'm looking for you.
    3 How much/many/little people will there be?
    4 My sister is six feet long/tall/big.
    5 What book are you watching/looking/reading?
    6 I'm looking/seeing/watching TV now.
    7 Is it long/far/short from here?. No, you can walk there.
    8 There will be not/no/any foreigners.
    9 Don't lie! Tell me the true/truth/right.
    10 Will you get/let/give me know?
    11 I'm making/doing/putting my best. It'll be ready in/at/on 30 minutes.
    12 We're leaving/going/walking out tonight.
    13 We'll meet in/at/on my place in/at/on 6 p.m.

    Exercise 10

    • Doplňte do vety much alebo many.

    1 How money will you need?
    2 There won't be people.
    3 They've got kids and very little time.
    4 There isn't milk here.
    5 That's too information.
    6 How luggage have you got?
    7 How friends are coming?
    8 Hurry up. There isn't time.
    9 How is this car?
    10 There are too cars.

    Exercise 11

    • Doplňte do vety záporné skrátené tvary slovesa be v prítomnom čase.

    1 I ready.
    2 She my sister.
    3 My brother here.
    4 His parents glad.
    5 There any kids.
    6 This book mine.
    7 We very happy.
    8 There many foreigners there.
    9 There any money.
    10 Why you at school?
    11 English phrases easy.

    Exercise 12

    • Tvorte otázky. Pýtajte sa na zvýraznené slová.

    1 John is leaving tomorrow.
    2 He's reading a book.
    3 Jane is still sleeping.
    4 I'm writing an e-mail.
    5 They're playing a game.
    6 We're going on holiday.
    7 Jane and Bob are coming.
    8 Mark is visiting his friend.
    9 I'm watching a film on TV.
    10 I'm not listening to you.
    11 My friends are having fun.
    12 We're going out tonight.

    Exercise 13

    • Doplňte určité a neurčité členy, kde ich treba.

    1 Jane is nice girl. She's British.
    2 Bob is American. He has house in USA.
    3 British are nice people.
    4 The Thames is river in Britain.
    5 There's lot of water in sea.
    6 Can I have little water?
    7 There are ten cats in house.
    8 She's good friend of mine.
    9 Jean is French. He's French student.
    10 My friends are Irish. They're from Ireland.
    11 I'll take taxi to work.

    Exercise 14

    • Spojte otázky a reakcie.

    • 1 Am I disturbing you?
    • 2 What time will you be back?
    • 3 Shall we walk?
    • 4 Who are you looking for?
    • 5 Are you going on holiday?
    • 6 Is he American?
    • 7 How long will it take?
    • 8 What will you drink?
    • a No, we'll take a taxi.
    • b Yes, we're going to the seaside.
    • c It'll be ready tomorrow.
    • d No, come in!
    • e No, I think he's British.
    • f I need to speak to Mr Brown.
    • g I'll leave that to you.
    • h At about half past six.

    Zapamätajte si užitočný obrat: I'll leave that to you. - To nechám na vás. Podobne: Leave that to me. - Nechaj(te) to na mňa.

    Exercise 15

    • Doplňte some alebo any.

    1 We need time.
    2 Can I have water?
    3 Are there kids there?
    4 There aren't people.
    5 Can you give me money?
    6 We haven't got milk.
    7 Have you got pets?
    8 of them are students.
    9 I can't see children.
    10 Can he speak foreign languages?

    Exercise 16

    • Dajte vety v prítomnom čase do jednoduchého budúceho času.

    1 They are going on holiday.
    2 He isn't sleeping at home.
    3 My mum is making dinner.
    4 I'm leaving in ten minutes.
    5 We are meeting at my place.
    6 He's not afraid.
    7 We aren't at home.
    8 When are we leaving?
    9 What are you doing?
    10 Who's coming?
    11 I can't come.
    12 We must do it.

    Exercise 17

    • Povedzte po anglicky. Využite pomôcky.

    1 Angličtina je ľahká. easy
    2 Učím sa po anglicky. learn
    3 Neviem po anglicky. speak
    4 Pomôžeš mi? help
    5 Počúvaš ma? listen
    6 Kedy odchádzaš? leave
    7 Je málo času. little
    8 Je niečo na jedenie? anything to eat
    9 Kde sa stretneme? meet
    10 Sú tam nejaké deti? any
    11 Nie sú tam žiadni ľudia. no
    12 Dám mu vedieť. let know
    13 Koľko je hodín? what time
    14 Kedy prídu? arrive
    15 Ja nespím! sleep

    Sloveso spať je anglicky to sleep, ale bežne možno použiť aj spojenie be asleep əˈsliːp. Možno povedať: He's sleeping., alebo He's asleep., Are you sleeping? alebo Are you asleep?

    Exercise 18

    • Doplňte slovo opačného významu.

    1 English is easy, but Japanese is .
    2 My brother is little and I am .
    3 I'm cold and she's . I'm tall and she's .
    4 Now we are young, but we'll be too.
    5 His English is very good, but mine is .
    6 She's sad and he's .
    7 There will be many men but only women.
    8 There's too much work and too time.

    Exercise 19

    • Spojte súvisiace výroky.

    • 1 Grass in spring is
    • 2 Bananas are
    • 3 Chocolate is
    • 4 The sky at night is
    • 5 Good tomatoes are
    • 6 The sea is
    • 7 Oranges are
    • 8 Snow is
    • a brown.
    • b white.
    • c red.
    • d orange.
    • e yellow.
    • f green.
    • g blue.
    • h black.

    Exercise 20

    • Vyberte správnu predložku.

    1 He's afraid at/to/of you.
    2 She'll be back in/for/on an hour.
    3 We'll meet in/at/on my place in/at/on the evening.
    4 What are you doing in/at/on Monday?
    5 It's half to/past/at six. I'm going to/at/for work.
    6 That's the house at/of/to my parents.
    7 Don't call me in/at/on night.
    8 Where is he to/for/from?
    9 Look at/on/to this photo.
    10 I'll call you on/at/in the morning.
    11 We go there on/to/at weekends.
    12 It isn't far of/from/to here. We'll be there at/in/to time.
    13 She'll be here in/at/to five p.m. I'll speak on/to/at her.

    Sloveso speak sa viaže s predložkou to alebo with (hovoriť s niekým). Speak to všeobecne naznačuje skôr snahu o jednostrannú komunikáciu. (hovoriť k niekomu, hl. z pozície autority ap.). Napr.: I'll speak to him. - Prehovorím (si) s ním. (dohovorím mu ap.) Speak with všeobecne naznačuje skôr dialóg. Napr.: I'll speak with him. - Budem s ním hovoriť. ap.

    Exercise 21

    • Doplňte správne tvary slovies.

    1 A man is wait there for you.
    2 Why are you sit here?
    3 My brother speak four languages.
    4 We're just work on it. It be ready soon.
    5 My mum have no time.
    6 Who know about it? I let you know.
    7 How are you feel ?
    8 They not be now. They be back soon.
    9 Stop it! It's get on my nerves.
    10 What are you read ? My dad read a lot.
    11 I want see it. Can you show it to me?
    12 We'll go shop tomorrow.
    13 Mark enjoy his work.

    Sloveso baviť (čo koho) sa často prekláda anglickým enjoy (tešiť sa z niečoho, užívať si niečo) alebo like (mať rád, páčiť sa). Majte však na pamäti, že oproti slovenčine dochádza pri týchto slovesách k obráteniu podmetu a prísudku! Teda nie, že niečo baví niekoho, ale niekto má rád/si užíva niečo. Napr.: “Baví ma to.” - I enjoy it. Keď niečo niekoho už nebaví, väčšinou sa použije obrat be tired of ..., teda, že už je niekto z niečoho unavený. Napr.: “Už ma to nebaví.” - I'm tired of it.

    Exercise 22

    • Doplňte preklady viet.

    1 Odkiaľ ste? Where are you ?
    2 Odchádzame za 2 dni. We're in two days.
    3 Bob má veľa priateľov. Bob a lot of friends.
    4 Jane o tom vie. Jane about it.
    5 Koľko máš rokov? How are you?
    6 Prepáčte, že idem neskoro. Sorry, I'm .
    7 Vyzerá to na dážď. It looks rain.
    8 Nehovor mu to, prosím! Please tell him!
    9 Urobíš to pre mňa? you do it for me?
    10 V koľko hodín prídeš? What will you come?
    11 Urobím, čo budem môcť. I'll do my .
    12 Ako je vysoký? How is he?
    13 Môžem ďalej? - Samozrejme! Can I in? - Of  !
    14 Môžem sa ťa niečo opýtať? May I you something?
    15 Dnes večer ideme niekam von. We're going out .
    16 Pridáte sa k nám? Will you us?

    Exercise 23

    • Doplňte vhodné slová.

    1 I'm not afraid him. He's my friend.
    2 How is she? – She's 35.
    3 What are the kids doing? – They're some games.
    4 are you? – I'm fine. Thanks.
    5 What's the like? – It's raining again.
    6 He isn't here now. We will to wait for him.
    7 We're waiting you! You are again.
    8 He's ! – No, he's wrong!
    9 Can I with you? – No, you'll stay here.
    10 Sorry, I have no time. I'm very now.
    11 I'll be back soon. Will you for me?
    12 Shall we go bus or car? – We'll a taxi.
    13 I'm leaving for London. – Have a safe !

    K slovesu leave (odísť kam) sa viaže predložka for, nie to, ako by Slovákovi mohlo napadnúť! Leave vyjadruje, že niekto opúšťa nejaké miesto pre iné. Napr.: I'm leaving Bratislava for London. - “Odchádzam z Bratislavy do Londýna.” ap. Ak po leave nasleduje to, uvádza neurčitok iného slovesa vyjadrujúceho účel. Napr.: He's leaving London to work in New York. - Odchádza z Londýna pracovať do New Yorku.

    Exercise 24

    • Povedzte po anglicky.

    1 Kam ideš na dovolenku?
    2 Nečakajte na mňa.
    3 Dajte sa druhou ulicou vľavo.
    4 Bývame v hoteli.
    5 Zdržíme sa tri dni.
    6 Vezmeme si taxík.
    7 Čakáte na niekoho?
    8 Prídeš?
    9 Chcem navštíviť priateľa v Londýne.
    10 Som Slovák.
    11 Pôjdeme?
    12 Požiadam ho o pomoc.
    13 Bude to stačiť?
    14 Čo si dáte? (k jedlu)
    15 Koľko to bude trvať?
    16 Nie som pripravený.
    17 Budete musieť počkať.
    18 Je mi horúco.
    19 Vstúpte!
    20 Šťastnú cestu!

    Všimnite si, ako logicky sú tvorené slovíčka: something - some+thing (nejaká vec - niečo), nothing - no+thing (žiadna vec - nič), everything - every+thing (každá vec - všetko) a anything - any+thing (akákoľvek vec - čokoľvek). Ľahko si tak zapamätáte hneď niekoľko užitočných slov. Podobne fungujú slová somebody (niekto), nobody (nikto), everybody (každý) a anybody (ktokoľvek).

    Sloveso may meɪ znamená “smieť”, ale užíva sa tiež k vyjadreniu potenciálnej možnosti či neistoty (možno, hádam ap.). Napr.: You may be right. - “Možno máš pravdu”, We may go to... - “Mohli by sme treba ísť do...”, I may be back soon. - “Možno budem skoro späť.” ap. Viac pozri tvary might a may v lekcii 14.