Exercises

Exercise 1

    • Preložte. Všímajte si použitie slov could, should a ought to.

    14 Who else could do it?
    5 How should I know?
    11 It shouldn't take long.
    4 You shouldn't eat so much.
    13 What else should we bring?
    8 Don't tell him! - Why shouldn't I?
    10 We ought not to forget that.
    3 He should look after her.
    15 Could I have another beer?
    6 Why should he help us?
    12 Why couldn't they do it?
    7 Who should I turn to?
    9 They ought to be careful.
    2 How could he know that?
    16 Shouldn't he get another chance?
    1 Could you wait a minute?

    Pozor na slova other ˈʌðə a another əˈnʌðə! Obe znamenajú ďalší či iný. Another sa ale viaže iba k jednotnému číslu počítateľných podstatných mien a vyjadruje dodatočnosť či odlišnosť. Napr.: another beer, another week, another time (niekedy inokedy) ap. Other sa spája s množným číslom a nepočítateľnými podstatnými menami a znamená ostatní (zostávajúci). Napr.: other people, other things, other information ap. Another netvorí zápor s no ani otázku s any a treba potom namiesto neho použiť slovo other. Napr.: There's no other way., Is there any other way? ap. Zámeno (the) others ˈʌðəz znamená (tí) ostatní, druhí (v skupine ap.)

    Exercise 2

    • Odpovedzte na otázky podľa obrázka.

    Exercise 2
    4 Does the man in black jacket have a beard?
    11 Are the trousers of the woman in the middle blue?
    12 Which woman is wearing a shirt?
    5 Is the man wearing a watch tall or short?
    8 What colour is the short dress of woman no. 4?
    7 Is the woman on the left wearing high heels?
    1 How many people in the picture have dark hair?
    13 How many people are wearing something around their neck?
    3 What colour is the cap of the blonde woman?
    2 Is the tall man young or old?
    9 Who's the shortest in the picture?
    6 Who's wearing glasses?
    10 Who's wearing a long white sweater?

    Termín trousers je britský. V americkej angličtine sú nohavice pants pænts. Pozor! V britskej angličtine sú ale pants (pánske) spodky.

    Exercise 3

    • Preložte pomocou should. Využite pomôcky.

    4 To by nemal byť problém.
    (no) problem
    2 Mám to otvoriť?
    open
    8 Malo by to byť omnoho lacnejšie.
    much cheaper
    7 Nemal by jej to dávať.
    give, to her
    6 Mali by sme sa poponáhľať.
    hurry
    1 Nemal by si mu veriť.
    believe
    5 Mal by byť naspäť o desať minút.
    be back
    3 Prečo by som mal zostávať doma?
    stay at home

    Exercise 4

    • Povedzte pomocou should, čo by mal niekto v danej situácii robiť.

    2 Bob and Jane are late. hurry up
    11 The kids watch TV every day. not, watch TV, so often
    3 Frank drinks too much alcohol. not, drink so much
    12 The phone is ringing. I, pick it up?
    7 Bob often forgets to wash his hands. not forget
    6 Jane wants to go there alone. not, alone
    9 Jack mustn't know about that! nobody, tell
    1 John gets up at 7 and is usually late for school. get up, early
    10 The TV is broken. somebody, repair
    8 Eve is still sleeping. somebody, wake up
    5 His parents don't have enough money. work, harder
    4 He doesn't help his mum very much. help, more

    Exercise 5

    • Preložte. Všímajte si použitie podmienkových viet a časov.

    3 You won't get there unless you have a ticket.
    2 He'll be fat if he eats too much.
    8 If he finds out, he'll be angry.
    10 If she comes, I'll call you.
    1 If I see her, I'll tell her.
    12 He won't make enough money unless he works twelve hours a day.
    9 You shouldn't enter unless they tell you.
    11 I won't buy it unless it costs less than 20 dollars.
    7 He'll do it if you ask him.
    5 If I have time, I'll come.
    6 He won't do it unless we help him.
    4 Don't buy it unless you really need it.

    Exercise 6

    • Doplňte správne slovo.

    8 It's too hard for her. I think that we help her.
    5 Do you wear glasses? Yes, but I'm not them today.
    3 Either you call him I'll do it.
    10 How come there were no women the guests?
    2 She eats nor drinks and she looks tired.
    6 It's freezing today. The temperature is zero.
    4 She speaks neither English Spanish.
    7 You'd ask somebody if you don't know.
    9 It's too late. We'd go now.
    1 Is she tall? Yes, she is a head than me!

    Naučte sa užitočné ustálené spojenie: How come? Po slovensky znamená: Ako to?

    Exercise 7

    • Preložte podmienkové súvetia - zero conditional. Využite pomôcky.

    5 Ak potrebujú peniaze, nech požiadajú rodičov. need money, ask their parents
    9 Keď veľa ješ, tak tlstneš. eat too much, get fat
    3 Ak máte záujem, dajte mi vedieť. be interested, let know
    8 Ak ti nie je dobre, choď k doktorovi. not feel well, go to the doctor's
    1 Ak to vieš, tak to povedz! know, say
    7 Keď dosť nespíš, cítiš sa unavený. not sleep enough, feel tired
    6 Keď sa poponáhľaš, stihneš to. hurry, you, can make it
    4 Ak si hladný, tak sa najedz. be hungry, eat something
    2 Ak to chce, nech mi zavolá. want, let, call

    Get fat znamená stlstnúť, stučnieť - stať sa tlstým (fat je tlstý, ale tiež tučný).

    Exercise 8

    • Spojte súvisiace výroky do podmienkových súvetí.

    • 1 If you're cold,
    • 2 Don't eat it
    • 3 If he's still sleeping,
    • 4 She should have a rest
    • 5 If he needs to speak to her,
    • 6 We should hurry up
    • 7 If you don't know,
    • 8 You'll be tired,
    • a you should wake him up.
    • f ask somebody.
    • g if you don't sleep enough.
    • c you should get dressed.
    • b if she feels tired.
    • h he should call her.
    • e if we want to catch the bus.
    • d if you don't like it.

    Exercise 9

    • Vyberte vhodnú predložku.

    9 I won't be on/at/to work tomorrow.
    12 Temperatures will be over/above/beyond zero.
    15 Only children above/beyond/over 15 years old can go there.
    3 He went at/to/for work but I'm still on/in/at bed.
    5 We'll meet before/beside/outside the shop.
    14 There's somebody past/behind/beyond the door. I can hear it.
    1 I'll wait on/for/at you on/at/to the airport.
    10 Is it far from here? No, It's just over/around/behind the corner.
    2 What can you see on/in/to the photo?
    4 She isn't used at/for/to working hard.
    11 I couldn't see her between/among/from the other students.
    6 I'm leaving for/to/at work in ten minutes.
    13 She stood on/by/to the window. I could see her from outside.
    7 He's usually at/in/on home among/between/behind 4 and 8 p.m.
    8 Don't sit at/on/in the floor. Let's sit at/to/next that table.

    Slovo over je aj prídavné meno a tvorí dôležité ustálené spojenie be over - skončiť, byť na konci. Napr.: It's (all) over. - “Je po všetkom., Je koniec.” ap.

    Exercise 10

    • Povedzte po anglicky. Dajte pozor na správne predložky.

    4 Budem u mamy.
    11 Aký je medzi nimi rozdiel?
    6 Vytiahni to z tašky.
    3 Frank je stále v práci.
    2 O koľkej odchádzaš do školy?
    15 Choďte až za most a odbočte vľavo.
    5 Daj to do auta.
    7 Vonku je pod nulou.
    13 Sú medzi nimi nejaké deti?
    14 Žijú mimo mesto.
    9 Bob zajtra odchádza do Londýna.
    10 Môžem si sadnúť vedľa teba?
    8 Môžem sedieť medzi vami?
    1 Idem do práce.
    12 Čo je za týmito dverami?

    Rozumiete tomuto citátu?: Once we accept our limits, we go beyond them. (Môžete použiť slovník - once tu znamená keď) Viete, kto je jeho autorom?

    Exercise 11

    • Doplňte správnu predložku.

    3 My mum is still work and my brother is school.
    5 Do you mind if I sit next you?
    2 If he isn't inside the house, he must be (the house).
    1 The bus is in front of the car, so the car is the bus.
    6 What is the difference them?
    9 I couldn't see her all the people. She's very short.
    7 Take it of the bags and put it the car.
    4 If there are 20 people. There won't be enough room.
    8 You can get inside that door.
    10 I hope that the problems are us now. I'm tired of it.

    Slová inside a outside sú v angličtine aj príslovky vnútri a vonku.

    Exercise 12

    • Preložte.

    8 Keď budeš veľa jesť, budeš tučný.
    6 Kto to urobí, keď ona odíde?
    5 Čo budeme robiť, ak John nepríde?
    10 Kúpim mu psa, pokiaľ sa o neho bude starať.
    4 Bude nahnevaná, ak tam pôjdeš.
    7 Ak nebude pršať, pôjdeme von.
    2 Ak to pošle, dám ti vedieť.
    3 Nerob to, pokiaľ ti nepoviem.
    9 Pokiaľ to bude možné, urobím to.
    1 Ak máš strach, zostaň doma.

    Exercise 13

    • Doplňte can, could alebo should.

    6 I really don't like him. I nemôžem stand him.
    4 It's dangerous. Children by nemali use it.
    8 We need help. Who by sme sa mali we turn to?
    1 It's ten to six. The bus by mal be here in ten minutes.
    7 Children môžu cause problems.
    2 John knows that. He by mohol help you.
    9 We'll all be there. Will you môcť come?
    10 How long will it take? – It nemalo by take long.
    5 She's too young. Someone by mal help her.
    3 He was old and nemohol get up.

    Exercise 14

    • Preložte.

    3 Bolo to včera v televízii.
    9 Mal by si byť opatrnejší.
    5 Mohol by som sa k vám pridať?
    8 Mal by som už radšej ísť.
    7 Mal byť späť medzi 6. a 7.
    6 To by nemal byť problém.
    15 Ako sa vám to páčilo?
    16 Nezaujímam sa o autá.
    4 Nemal by si tu fajčiť.
    1 Mohli by ste mi to poslať?
    18 Pripadalo mi to celkom zaujímavé.
    14 Buď mu to povieš ty alebo ja!
    11 Má na sebe červené šaty. (ona)
    12 Nosíte okuliare?
    13 Som zvyknutý na skoré vstávanie.
    10 Mali by s tým niečo robiť.
    2 Budem doma o šiestej (večer).
    17 Choďte hore po schodoch.

    Termínom handsome ˈhændsəm, ktorým naznačujeme príjemné, ostré rysy, označujeme hlavne mužov. V spojitosti so ženami a deťmi sa používa skôr pretty ˈprɪtɪ (pekný), alebo silnejšie beautiful ˈbjuːtɪfəl (krásny), pretože naznačujú jemné rysy. Oboma výrazmi možno označiť i veci, miesta ap. Attractive əˈtræktɪv (príťažlivý) a good-looking gʊdˈlʊkɪŋ (pekný) sa vzťahuje ako na mužov, tak aj na ženy.

    Spojenie: by my watch znamená: podľa mojich hodiniek (je toľko hodín.) My watch is slow. znamená: Idú mi pozadu hodinky. (slow - pomalý) Naopak: My watch is fast. je: Hodinky mi idú dopredu. (fast - rýchly)