Exercises

Exercise 1

    • Čítajte nahlas a preložte.

    18 Have some!
    16 We can't wait.
    1 He's a learner of English.
    10 There are many foreigners here.
    11 How much is it?
    17 You'll have to ask him.
    3 Let me introduce myself.
    7 Is there anybody here?
    8 Are they waiting for me?
    15 Can you help us?
    19 I hope not.
    6 Where are you from?
    14 Shall we go?
    12 That's not true!
    4 My name is ...
    9 That's my sister's car.
    2 What's your name?
    5 I'm not from here.
    13 What will you do?
    20 I have to go.

    Exercise 2

    • Napíšte anglicky celými slovami číselné údaje.

    10 14,064,559
    2 267 people
    3 876.7
    8 17,999.5
    7 2,568
    9 376,750
    1 45 children
    6 86.05
    5 3.06
    4 16.78

    V angličtine je tiež možné vyslovovať číslovky pomocou násobku celých stoviek podobne ako v češtine, a to aj pre číslovky nad 2000. Napr. 1,200 - twelve hundred, ale tiež napríklad 2,500 - twenty-five hundred ap.

    Exercise 3

    • Napíšte vety, ktoré počujete.

    2
    9
    4
    6
    8
    3
    5
    1
    7
    12
    10
    11

    Exercise 4

    • Spojte výroky. Naučte sa názvy krajín a pomenovania ich príslušníkov.

    • 1 John is English.
    • 2 Lucia is Spanish.
    • 3 Ivan is Russian.
    • 4 Helga and Kurt are German.
    • 5 Bob and Jane are American.
    • 6 Keiko is Japanese.
    • 7 Cheng is Chinese.
    • 8 Luis and Jean are French.
    • 9 Mark and Alison are Irish.
    • 10 Paolo and Valeria are Italian.
    • f She's from Spain.
    • c They're from Germany.
    • a They're from Ireland.
    • h He's from Russia.
    • g They're from the USA.
    • b He's from China.
    • j She's from Japan.
    • e They're from Italy.
    • i They're from France.
    • d He's from England.

    Ďalšie národnosti a ich príslušníkov si môžete naštudovať pomocou slovníka. Neštandardné je napríklad: dánsky - Danish ˈdeɪnɪʃ, ale Dán je Dane deɪn, španielsky - Spanish spænɪʃ, ale Španiel je Spaniard ˈspænjəd. My však už vieme, že: “Je to Španiel.” sa dá povedať jednoducho pomocou adjektíva: He's Spanish. Treba si teda hlavne vždy uvedomiť, kedy použiť anglické podstatné meno a kedy adjektívum.

    Exercise 5

    • Doplňte podľa kontextu správne zámená.

    4 Call your parents and ask . They'll tell you.
    2 My sister is going out tonight. I'm going with .
    1 There's my brother. Go ask .
    3 Our dog is hungry. We must give some food.
    8 Our kids are too young. We can't take with us.
    6 We aren't ready. Can you wait for ?
    12 I need to speak with him. Tell him to call .
    9 Can I speak to , John?
    10 Look. There's Bob's sister! No, that's not . She has dark hair.
    7 Who's that boy? What's name?
    5 Here's your milk. Drink now!
    11 We must know this. Please, let know.

    Sloveso need to sa dnes užíva tiež ako musieť (o nutnosti plynúcej z okolností). Napr.: You need to stop it. - Musíš s tým prestať., You need to listen to me. - Musíš ma počúvať.

    Exercise 6

    • Usporiadajte slová do viet podľa bežného anglického slovosledu.

    5 will - I - it - tell - tomorrow - him - about.
    2 long - it - take - will - how?
    1 speak - to - need - I - you - to.
    6 your - do - homework - when - you - will?
    3 her - tell - about - don't - it!
    4 you - the - tonight - coming - party - to - are?
    8 like - weather - is - what - the - today?
    7 back - will - we - be - about - six - at - p.m.

    Exercise 7

    • Doplňte do vety vhodné tvary slovesa be v prítomnom čase.

    3 What going on?
    6 I not afraid of you.
    8 Water good for you.
    1 Peter, you coming to the party tonight?
    10 Why you laughing?
    2 There lots of children.
    7 Our children too young for that.
    9 I right? No, you wrong!
    4 I must hurry. My children waiting for me.
    12 It true! He lying!
    5 these books yours?
    11 How much money there? There 15 dollars.

    Do you get the joke? - Rozumiete vtipu? (Môžete použiť slovník.): I have 10 legs, 8 arms and 3 heads. What am I? - A liar!

    Exercise 8

    • Doplňte podľa pomôcok správne tvary privlastňovacích zámen.

    1 What's that girl's name? she name is Jane.
    3 There are many parents with they children.
    9 He's a good friend of I .
    6 He can't call you. he phone isn't working.
    7 The kids are hungry. They want they food.
    10 We want something for we children.
    5 Is that your dog? What's it name?
    4 It'll be at our house, not they .
    2 You can't have it. It isn't you .
    8 I phone isn't working. Can I use you ?

    Exercise 9

    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    4 My sister is six feet long/tall/big.
    5 What book are you watching/looking/reading?
    9 Don't lie! Tell me the true/truth/right.
    1 How much/old/tall is your dad? – He's 43.
    2 Which/Who/What are you looking for? – I'm looking for you.
    6 I'm looking/seeing/watching TV now.
    7 Is it long/far/short from here?. No, you can walk there.
    12 We're leaving/going/walking out tonight.
    10 Will you get/let/give me know?
    11 I'm making/doing/putting my best. It'll be ready in/at/on 30 minutes.
    8 There will be not/no/any foreigners.
    3 How much/many/little people will there be?
    13 We'll meet in/at/on my place in/at/on 6 p.m.

    Exercise 10

    • Doplňte do vety much alebo many.

    9 How is this car?
    8 Hurry up. There isn't time.
    10 There are too cars.
    7 How friends are coming?
    6 How luggage have you got?
    4 There isn't milk here.
    3 They've got kids and very little time.
    1 How money will you need?
    5 That's too information.
    2 There won't be people.

    Exercise 11

    • Doplňte do vety záporné skrátené tvary slovesa be v prítomnom čase.

    7 We very happy.
    3 My brother here.
    11 English phrases easy.
    9 There any money.
    1 I ready.
    5 There any kids.
    6 This book mine.
    4 His parents glad.
    10 Why you at school?
    8 There many foreigners there.
    2 She my sister.

    Exercise 12

    • Tvorte otázky. Pýtajte sa na zvýraznené slová.

    8 Mark is visiting his friend.
    5 They're playing a game.
    1 John is leaving tomorrow.
    2 He's reading a book.
    7 Jane and Bob are coming.
    9 I'm watching a film on TV.
    3 Jane is still sleeping.
    6 We're going on holiday.
    4 I'm writing an e-mail.
    12 We're going out tonight.
    10 I'm not listening to you.
    11 My friends are having fun.

    Exercise 13

    • Doplňte určité a neurčité členy, kde ich treba.

    7 There are ten cats in house.
    10 My friends are Irish. They're from Ireland.
    1 Jane is nice girl. She's British.
    3 British are nice people.
    11 I'll take taxi to work.
    2 Bob is American. He has house in USA.
    8 She's good friend of mine.
    4 The Thames is river in Britain.
    6 Can I have little water?
    5 There's lot of water in sea.
    9 Jean is French. He's French student.

    Exercise 14

    • Spojte otázky a reakcie.

    • 1 Am I disturbing you?
    • 2 What time will you be back?
    • 3 Shall we walk?
    • 4 Who are you looking for?
    • 5 Are you going on holiday?
    • 6 Is he American?
    • 7 How long will it take?
    • 8 What will you drink?
    • b Yes, we're going to the seaside.
    • g I'll leave that to you.
    • d No, come in!
    • f I need to speak to Mr Brown.
    • h At about half past six.
    • e No, I think he's British.
    • c It'll be ready tomorrow.
    • a No, we'll take a taxi.

    Zapamätajte si užitočný obrat: I'll leave that to you. - To nechám na vás. Podobne: Leave that to me. - Nechaj(te) to na mňa.

    Exercise 15

    • Doplňte some alebo any.

    2 Can I have water?
    10 Can he speak foreign languages?
    7 Have you got pets?
    6 We haven't got milk.
    5 Can you give me money?
    1 We need time.
    8 of them are students.
    4 There aren't people.
    3 Are there kids there?
    9 I can't see children.

    Exercise 16

    • Dajte vety v prítomnom čase do jednoduchého budúceho času.

    6 He's not afraid.
    1 They are going on holiday.
    2 He isn't sleeping at home.
    12 We must do it.
    5 We are meeting at my place.
    8 When are we leaving?
    7 We aren't at home.
    10 Who's coming?
    3 My mum is making dinner.
    4 I'm leaving in ten minutes.
    9 What are you doing?
    11 I can't come.

    Exercise 17

    • Povedzte po anglicky. Využite pomôcky.

    3 Neviem po anglicky. speak
    5 Počúvaš ma? listen
    8 Je niečo na jedenie? anything to eat
    13 Koľko je hodín? what time
    10 Sú tam nejaké deti? any
    1 Angličtina je ľahká. easy
    12 Dám mu vedieť. let know
    14 Kedy prídu? arrive
    7 Je málo času. little
    9 Kde sa stretneme? meet
    6 Kedy odchádzaš? leave
    2 Učím sa po anglicky. learn
    4 Pomôžeš mi? help
    11 Nie sú tam žiadni ľudia. no
    15 Ja nespím! sleep

    Sloveso spať je anglicky to sleep, ale bežne možno použiť aj spojenie be asleep əˈsliːp. Možno povedať: He's sleeping., alebo He's asleep., Are you sleeping? alebo Are you asleep?

    Exercise 18

    • Doplňte slovo opačného významu.

    2 My brother is little and I am .
    8 There's too much work and too time.
    3 I'm cold and she's . I'm tall and she's .
    5 His English is very good, but mine is .
    7 There will be many men but only women.
    6 She's sad and he's .
    1 English is easy, but Japanese is .
    4 Now we are young, but we'll be too.

    Exercise 19

    • Spojte súvisiace výroky.

    • 1 Grass in spring is
    • 2 Bananas are
    • 3 Chocolate is
    • 4 The sky at night is
    • 5 Good tomatoes are
    • 6 The sea is
    • 7 Oranges are
    • 8 Snow is
    • f green.
    • b white.
    • a brown.
    • c red.
    • h black.
    • d orange.
    • g blue.
    • e yellow.

    Exercise 20

    • Vyberte správnu predložku.

    3 We'll meet in/at/on my place in/at/on the evening.
    6 That's the house at/of/to my parents.
    10 I'll call you on/at/in the morning.
    4 What are you doing in/at/on Monday?
    7 Don't call me in/at/on night.
    13 She'll be here in/at/to five p.m. I'll speak on/to/at her.
    11 We go there on/to/at weekends.
    12 It isn't far of/from/to here. We'll be there at/in/to time.
    8 Where is he to/for/from?
    2 She'll be back in/for/on an hour.
    5 It's half to/past/at six. I'm going to/at/for work.
    1 He's afraid at/to/of you.
    9 Look at/on/to this photo.

    Sloveso speak sa viaže s predložkou to alebo with (hovoriť s niekým). Speak to všeobecne naznačuje skôr snahu o jednostrannú komunikáciu. (hovoriť k niekomu, hl. z pozície autority ap.). Napr.: I'll speak to him. - Prehovorím (si) s ním. (dohovorím mu ap.) Speak with všeobecne naznačuje skôr dialóg. Napr.: I'll speak with him. - Budem s ním hovoriť. ap.

    Exercise 21

    • Doplňte správne tvary slovies.

    13 Mark enjoy his work.
    7 How are you feel ?
    10 What are you read ? My dad read a lot.
    11 I want see it. Can you show it to me?
    5 My mum have no time.
    12 We'll go shop tomorrow.
    8 They not be now. They be back soon.
    9 Stop it! It's get on my nerves.
    4 We're just work on it. It be ready soon.
    1 A man is wait there for you.
    3 My brother speak four languages.
    2 Why are you sit here?
    6 Who know about it? I let you know.

    Sloveso baviť (čo koho) sa často prekláda anglickým enjoy (tešiť sa z niečoho, užívať si niečo) alebo like (mať rád, páčiť sa). Majte však na pamäti, že oproti slovenčine dochádza pri týchto slovesách k obráteniu podmetu a prísudku! Teda nie, že niečo baví niekoho, ale niekto má rád/si užíva niečo. Napr.: “Baví ma to.” - I enjoy it. Keď niečo niekoho už nebaví, väčšinou sa použije obrat be tired of ..., teda, že už je niekto z niečoho unavený. Napr.: “Už ma to nebaví.” - I'm tired of it.

    Exercise 22

    • Doplňte preklady viet.

    11 Urobím, čo budem môcť. I'll do my .
    6 Prepáčte, že idem neskoro. Sorry, I'm .
    3 Bob má veľa priateľov. Bob a lot of friends.
    4 Jane o tom vie. Jane about it.
    1 Odkiaľ ste? Where are you ?
    16 Pridáte sa k nám? Will you us?
    9 Urobíš to pre mňa? you do it for me?
    15 Dnes večer ideme niekam von. We're going out .
    7 Vyzerá to na dážď. It looks rain.
    14 Môžem sa ťa niečo opýtať? May I you something?
    2 Odchádzame za 2 dni. We're in two days.
    10 V koľko hodín prídeš? What will you come?
    8 Nehovor mu to, prosím! Please tell him!
    5 Koľko máš rokov? How are you?
    13 Môžem ďalej? - Samozrejme! Can I in? - Of  !
    12 Ako je vysoký? How is he?

    Exercise 23

    • Doplňte vhodné slová.

    12 Shall we go bus or car? – We'll a taxi.
    5 What's the like? – It's raining again.
    6 He isn't here now. We will to wait for him.
    4 are you? – I'm fine. Thanks.
    2 How is she? – She's 35.
    1 I'm not afraid him. He's my friend.
    9 Can I with you? – No, you'll stay here.
    7 We're waiting you! You are again.
    3 What are the kids doing? – They're some games.
    10 Sorry, I have no time. I'm very now.
    8 He's ! – No, he's wrong!
    13 I'm leaving for London. – Have a safe !
    11 I'll be back soon. Will you for me?

    K slovesu leave (odísť kam) sa viaže predložka for, nie to, ako by Slovákovi mohlo napadnúť! Leave vyjadruje, že niekto opúšťa nejaké miesto pre iné. Napr.: I'm leaving Bratislava for London. - “Odchádzam z Bratislavy do Londýna.” ap. Ak po leave nasleduje to, uvádza neurčitok iného slovesa vyjadrujúceho účel. Napr.: He's leaving London to work in New York. - Odchádza z Londýna pracovať do New Yorku.

    Exercise 24

    • Povedzte po anglicky.

    5 Zdržíme sa tri dni.
    12 Požiadam ho o pomoc.
    11 Pôjdeme?
    4 Bývame v hoteli.
    10 Som Slovák.
    13 Bude to stačiť?
    1 Kam ideš na dovolenku?
    3 Dajte sa druhou ulicou vľavo.
    7 Čakáte na niekoho?
    20 Šťastnú cestu!
    2 Nečakajte na mňa.
    17 Budete musieť počkať.
    16 Nie som pripravený.
    19 Vstúpte!
    6 Vezmeme si taxík.
    14 Čo si dáte? (k jedlu)
    18 Je mi horúco.
    8 Prídeš?
    15 Koľko to bude trvať?
    9 Chcem navštíviť priateľa v Londýne.

    Všimnite si, ako logicky sú tvorené slovíčka: something - some+thing (nejaká vec - niečo), nothing - no+thing (žiadna vec - nič), everything - every+thing (každá vec - všetko) a anything - any+thing (akákoľvek vec - čokoľvek). Ľahko si tak zapamätáte hneď niekoľko užitočných slov. Podobne fungujú slová somebody (niekto), nobody (nikto), everybody (každý) a anybody (ktokoľvek).

    Sloveso may meɪ znamená “smieť”, ale užíva sa tiež k vyjadreniu potenciálnej možnosti či neistoty (možno, hádam ap.). Napr.: You may be right. - “Možno máš pravdu”, We may go to... - “Mohli by sme treba ísť do...”, I may be back soon. - “Možno budem skoro späť.” ap. Viac pozri tvary might a may v lekcii 14.