Exercises

Exercise 1

    • Čítajte nahlas a preložte.

    3 Let me introduce myself.
    10 There are many foreigners here.
    19 I hope not.
    6 Where are you from?
    2 What's your name?
    4 My name is ...
    20 I have to go.
    14 Shall we go?
    13 What will you do?
    8 Are they waiting for me?
    5 I'm not from here.
    1 He's a learner of English.
    17 You'll have to ask him.
    11 How much is it?
    9 That's my sister's car.
    15 Can you help us?
    16 We can't wait.
    7 Is there anybody here?
    18 Have some!
    12 That's not true!

    Exercise 2

    • Napíšte anglicky celými slovami číselné údaje.

    2 267 people
    7 2,568
    1 45 children
    3 876.7
    6 86.05
    9 376,750
    8 17,999.5
    4 16.78
    5 3.06
    10 14,064,559

    V angličtine je tiež možné vyslovovať číslovky pomocou násobku celých stoviek podobne ako v češtine, a to aj pre číslovky nad 2000. Napr. 1,200 - twelve hundred, ale tiež napríklad 2,500 - twenty-five hundred ap.

    Exercise 3

    • Napíšte vety, ktoré počujete.

    4
    11
    5
    9
    3
    10
    1
    2
    6
    12
    8
    7

    Exercise 4

    • Spojte výroky. Naučte sa názvy krajín a pomenovania ich príslušníkov.

    • 1 John is English.
    • 2 Lucia is Spanish.
    • 3 Ivan is Russian.
    • 4 Helga and Kurt are German.
    • 5 Bob and Jane are American.
    • 6 Keiko is Japanese.
    • 7 Cheng is Chinese.
    • 8 Luis and Jean are French.
    • 9 Mark and Alison are Irish.
    • 10 Paolo and Valeria are Italian.
    • b He's from China.
    • e They're from Italy.
    • c They're from Germany.
    • a They're from Ireland.
    • i They're from France.
    • f She's from Spain.
    • d He's from England.
    • j She's from Japan.
    • g They're from the USA.
    • h He's from Russia.

    Ďalšie národnosti a ich príslušníkov si môžete naštudovať pomocou slovníka. Neštandardné je napríklad: dánsky - Danish ˈdeɪnɪʃ, ale Dán je Dane deɪn, španielsky - Spanish spænɪʃ, ale Španiel je Spaniard ˈspænjəd. My však už vieme, že: “Je to Španiel.” sa dá povedať jednoducho pomocou adjektíva: He's Spanish. Treba si teda hlavne vždy uvedomiť, kedy použiť anglické podstatné meno a kedy adjektívum.

    Exercise 5

    • Doplňte podľa kontextu správne zámená.

    2 My sister is going out tonight. I'm going with .
    7 Who's that boy? What's name?
    12 I need to speak with him. Tell him to call .
    3 Our dog is hungry. We must give some food.
    1 There's my brother. Go ask .
    11 We must know this. Please, let know.
    6 We aren't ready. Can you wait for ?
    8 Our kids are too young. We can't take with us.
    4 Call your parents and ask . They'll tell you.
    9 Can I speak to , John?
    10 Look. There's Bob's sister! No, that's not . She has dark hair.
    5 Here's your milk. Drink now!

    Sloveso need to sa dnes užíva tiež ako musieť (o nutnosti plynúcej z okolností). Napr.: You need to stop it. - Musíš s tým prestať., You need to listen to me. - Musíš ma počúvať.

    Exercise 6

    • Usporiadajte slová do viet podľa bežného anglického slovosledu.

    8 like - weather - is - what - the - today?
    6 your - do - homework - when - you - will?
    3 her - tell - about - don't - it!
    2 long - it - take - will - how?
    1 speak - to - need - I - you - to.
    7 back - will - we - be - about - six - at - p.m.
    4 you - the - tonight - coming - party - to - are?
    5 will - I - it - tell - tomorrow - him - about.

    Exercise 7

    • Doplňte do vety vhodné tvary slovesa be v prítomnom čase.

    1 Peter, you coming to the party tonight?
    7 Our children too young for that.
    3 What going on?
    12 It true! He lying!
    10 Why you laughing?
    6 I not afraid of you.
    4 I must hurry. My children waiting for me.
    8 Water good for you.
    11 How much money there? There 15 dollars.
    2 There lots of children.
    5 these books yours?
    9 I right? No, you wrong!

    Do you get the joke? - Rozumiete vtipu? (Môžete použiť slovník.): I have 10 legs, 8 arms and 3 heads. What am I? - A liar!

    Exercise 8

    • Doplňte podľa pomôcok správne tvary privlastňovacích zámen.

    4 It'll be at our house, not they .
    3 There are many parents with they children.
    7 The kids are hungry. They want they food.
    2 You can't have it. It isn't you .
    8 I phone isn't working. Can I use you ?
    10 We want something for we children.
    9 He's a good friend of I .
    6 He can't call you. he phone isn't working.
    5 Is that your dog? What's it name?
    1 What's that girl's name? she name is Jane.

    Exercise 9

    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    4 My sister is six feet long/tall/big.
    11 I'm making/doing/putting my best. It'll be ready in/at/on 30 minutes.
    5 What book are you watching/looking/reading?
    13 We'll meet in/at/on my place in/at/on 6 p.m.
    12 We're leaving/going/walking out tonight.
    1 How much/old/tall is your dad? – He's 43.
    10 Will you get/let/give me know?
    7 Is it long/far/short from here?. No, you can walk there.
    3 How much/many/little people will there be?
    9 Don't lie! Tell me the true/truth/right.
    8 There will be not/no/any foreigners.
    2 Which/Who/What are you looking for? – I'm looking for you.
    6 I'm looking/seeing/watching TV now.

    Exercise 10

    • Doplňte do vety much alebo many.

    9 How is this car?
    1 How money will you need?
    4 There isn't milk here.
    2 There won't be people.
    10 There are too cars.
    7 How friends are coming?
    3 They've got kids and very little time.
    8 Hurry up. There isn't time.
    6 How luggage have you got?
    5 That's too information.

    Exercise 11

    • Doplňte do vety záporné skrátené tvary slovesa be v prítomnom čase.

    3 My brother here.
    5 There any kids.
    9 There any money.
    2 She my sister.
    7 We very happy.
    1 I ready.
    6 This book mine.
    8 There many foreigners there.
    10 Why you at school?
    11 English phrases easy.
    4 His parents glad.

    Exercise 12

    • Tvorte otázky. Pýtajte sa na zvýraznené slová.

    3 Jane is still sleeping.
    6 We're going on holiday.
    10 I'm not listening to you.
    4 I'm writing an e-mail.
    8 Mark is visiting his friend.
    11 My friends are having fun.
    2 He's reading a book.
    7 Jane and Bob are coming.
    1 John is leaving tomorrow.
    12 We're going out tonight.
    5 They're playing a game.
    9 I'm watching a film on TV.

    Exercise 13

    • Doplňte určité a neurčité členy, kde ich treba.

    11 I'll take taxi to work.
    8 She's good friend of mine.
    5 There's lot of water in sea.
    7 There are ten cats in house.
    3 British are nice people.
    2 Bob is American. He has house in USA.
    1 Jane is nice girl. She's British.
    6 Can I have little water?
    9 Jean is French. He's French student.
    10 My friends are Irish. They're from Ireland.
    4 The Thames is river in Britain.

    Exercise 14

    • Spojte otázky a reakcie.

    • 1 Am I disturbing you?
    • 2 What time will you be back?
    • 3 Shall we walk?
    • 4 Who are you looking for?
    • 5 Are you going on holiday?
    • 6 Is he American?
    • 7 How long will it take?
    • 8 What will you drink?
    • h At about half past six.
    • f I need to speak to Mr Brown.
    • d No, come in!
    • b Yes, we're going to the seaside.
    • a No, we'll take a taxi.
    • e No, I think he's British.
    • g I'll leave that to you.
    • c It'll be ready tomorrow.

    Zapamätajte si užitočný obrat: I'll leave that to you. - To nechám na vás. Podobne: Leave that to me. - Nechaj(te) to na mňa.

    Exercise 15

    • Doplňte some alebo any.

    1 We need time.
    5 Can you give me money?
    6 We haven't got milk.
    4 There aren't people.
    9 I can't see children.
    7 Have you got pets?
    3 Are there kids there?
    8 of them are students.
    2 Can I have water?
    10 Can he speak foreign languages?

    Exercise 16

    • Dajte vety v prítomnom čase do jednoduchého budúceho času.

    12 We must do it.
    2 He isn't sleeping at home.
    6 He's not afraid.
    7 We aren't at home.
    5 We are meeting at my place.
    1 They are going on holiday.
    3 My mum is making dinner.
    10 Who's coming?
    9 What are you doing?
    8 When are we leaving?
    4 I'm leaving in ten minutes.
    11 I can't come.

    Exercise 17

    • Povedzte po anglicky. Využite pomôcky.

    3 Neviem po anglicky. speak
    13 Koľko je hodín? what time
    4 Pomôžeš mi? help
    2 Učím sa po anglicky. learn
    9 Kde sa stretneme? meet
    7 Je málo času. little
    5 Počúvaš ma? listen
    14 Kedy prídu? arrive
    8 Je niečo na jedenie? anything to eat
    10 Sú tam nejaké deti? any
    6 Kedy odchádzaš? leave
    12 Dám mu vedieť. let know
    11 Nie sú tam žiadni ľudia. no
    1 Angličtina je ľahká. easy
    15 Ja nespím! sleep

    Sloveso spať je anglicky to sleep, ale bežne možno použiť aj spojenie be asleep əˈsliːp. Možno povedať: He's sleeping., alebo He's asleep., Are you sleeping? alebo Are you asleep?

    Exercise 18

    • Doplňte slovo opačného významu.

    5 His English is very good, but mine is .
    7 There will be many men but only women.
    2 My brother is little and I am .
    4 Now we are young, but we'll be too.
    1 English is easy, but Japanese is .
    8 There's too much work and too time.
    6 She's sad and he's .
    3 I'm cold and she's . I'm tall and she's .

    Exercise 19

    • Spojte súvisiace výroky.

    • 1 Grass in spring is
    • 2 Bananas are
    • 3 Chocolate is
    • 4 The sky at night is
    • 5 Good tomatoes are
    • 6 The sea is
    • 7 Oranges are
    • 8 Snow is
    • f green.
    • a brown.
    • d orange.
    • c red.
    • e yellow.
    • g blue.
    • h black.
    • b white.

    Exercise 20

    • Vyberte správnu predložku.

    3 We'll meet in/at/on my place in/at/on the evening.
    7 Don't call me in/at/on night.
    6 That's the house at/of/to my parents.
    12 It isn't far of/from/to here. We'll be there at/in/to time.
    9 Look at/on/to this photo.
    8 Where is he to/for/from?
    2 She'll be back in/for/on an hour.
    4 What are you doing in/at/on Monday?
    11 We go there on/to/at weekends.
    5 It's half to/past/at six. I'm going to/at/for work.
    10 I'll call you on/at/in the morning.
    13 She'll be here in/at/to five p.m. I'll speak on/to/at her.
    1 He's afraid at/to/of you.

    Sloveso speak sa viaže s predložkou to alebo with (hovoriť s niekým). Speak to všeobecne naznačuje skôr snahu o jednostrannú komunikáciu. (hovoriť k niekomu, hl. z pozície autority ap.). Napr.: I'll speak to him. - Prehovorím (si) s ním. (dohovorím mu ap.) Speak with všeobecne naznačuje skôr dialóg. Napr.: I'll speak with him. - Budem s ním hovoriť. ap.

    Exercise 21

    • Doplňte správne tvary slovies.

    5 My mum have no time.
    8 They not be now. They be back soon.
    7 How are you feel ?
    12 We'll go shop tomorrow.
    9 Stop it! It's get on my nerves.
    1 A man is wait there for you.
    6 Who know about it? I let you know.
    13 Mark enjoy his work.
    3 My brother speak four languages.
    11 I want see it. Can you show it to me?
    2 Why are you sit here?
    4 We're just work on it. It be ready soon.
    10 What are you read ? My dad read a lot.

    Sloveso baviť (čo koho) sa často prekláda anglickým enjoy (tešiť sa z niečoho, užívať si niečo) alebo like (mať rád, páčiť sa). Majte však na pamäti, že oproti slovenčine dochádza pri týchto slovesách k obráteniu podmetu a prísudku! Teda nie, že niečo baví niekoho, ale niekto má rád/si užíva niečo. Napr.: “Baví ma to.” - I enjoy it. Keď niečo niekoho už nebaví, väčšinou sa použije obrat be tired of ..., teda, že už je niekto z niečoho unavený. Napr.: “Už ma to nebaví.” - I'm tired of it.

    Exercise 22

    • Doplňte preklady viet.

    9 Urobíš to pre mňa? you do it for me?
    11 Urobím, čo budem môcť. I'll do my .
    8 Nehovor mu to, prosím! Please tell him!
    5 Koľko máš rokov? How are you?
    7 Vyzerá to na dážď. It looks rain.
    3 Bob má veľa priateľov. Bob a lot of friends.
    6 Prepáčte, že idem neskoro. Sorry, I'm .
    14 Môžem sa ťa niečo opýtať? May I you something?
    13 Môžem ďalej? - Samozrejme! Can I in? - Of  !
    1 Odkiaľ ste? Where are you ?
    2 Odchádzame za 2 dni. We're in two days.
    10 V koľko hodín prídeš? What will you come?
    15 Dnes večer ideme niekam von. We're going out .
    12 Ako je vysoký? How is he?
    4 Jane o tom vie. Jane about it.
    16 Pridáte sa k nám? Will you us?

    Exercise 23

    • Doplňte vhodné slová.

    8 He's ! – No, he's wrong!
    4 are you? – I'm fine. Thanks.
    12 Shall we go bus or car? – We'll a taxi.
    3 What are the kids doing? – They're some games.
    11 I'll be back soon. Will you for me?
    7 We're waiting you! You are again.
    13 I'm leaving for London. – Have a safe !
    2 How is she? – She's 35.
    1 I'm not afraid him. He's my friend.
    6 He isn't here now. We will to wait for him.
    5 What's the like? – It's raining again.
    9 Can I with you? – No, you'll stay here.
    10 Sorry, I have no time. I'm very now.

    K slovesu leave (odísť kam) sa viaže predložka for, nie to, ako by Slovákovi mohlo napadnúť! Leave vyjadruje, že niekto opúšťa nejaké miesto pre iné. Napr.: I'm leaving Bratislava for London. - “Odchádzam z Bratislavy do Londýna.” ap. Ak po leave nasleduje to, uvádza neurčitok iného slovesa vyjadrujúceho účel. Napr.: He's leaving London to work in New York. - Odchádza z Londýna pracovať do New Yorku.

    Exercise 24

    • Povedzte po anglicky.

    16 Nie som pripravený.
    8 Prídeš?
    12 Požiadam ho o pomoc.
    5 Zdržíme sa tri dni.
    18 Je mi horúco.
    4 Bývame v hoteli.
    13 Bude to stačiť?
    19 Vstúpte!
    6 Vezmeme si taxík.
    9 Chcem navštíviť priateľa v Londýne.
    10 Som Slovák.
    15 Koľko to bude trvať?
    2 Nečakajte na mňa.
    11 Pôjdeme?
    17 Budete musieť počkať.
    3 Dajte sa druhou ulicou vľavo.
    14 Čo si dáte? (k jedlu)
    20 Šťastnú cestu!
    7 Čakáte na niekoho?
    1 Kam ideš na dovolenku?

    Všimnite si, ako logicky sú tvorené slovíčka: something - some+thing (nejaká vec - niečo), nothing - no+thing (žiadna vec - nič), everything - every+thing (každá vec - všetko) a anything - any+thing (akákoľvek vec - čokoľvek). Ľahko si tak zapamätáte hneď niekoľko užitočných slov. Podobne fungujú slová somebody (niekto), nobody (nikto), everybody (každý) a anybody (ktokoľvek).

    Sloveso may meɪ znamená “smieť”, ale užíva sa tiež k vyjadreniu potenciálnej možnosti či neistoty (možno, hádam ap.). Napr.: You may be right. - “Možno máš pravdu”, We may go to... - “Mohli by sme treba ísť do...”, I may be back soon. - “Možno budem skoro späť.” ap. Viac pozri tvary might a may v lekcii 14.