Exercises

Exercise 1

    • Čítajte nahlas a preložte.

    17 You'll have to ask him.
    12 That's not true!
    6 Where are you from?
    9 That's my sister's car.
    13 What will you do?
    15 Can you help us?
    7 Is there anybody here?
    11 How much is it?
    4 My name is ...
    8 Are they waiting for me?
    3 Let me introduce myself.
    10 There are many foreigners here.
    5 I'm not from here.
    20 I have to go.
    19 I hope not.
    16 We can't wait.
    1 He's a learner of English.
    14 Shall we go?
    2 What's your name?
    18 Have some!

    Exercise 2

    • Napíšte anglicky celými slovami číselné údaje.

    10 14,064,559
    6 86.05
    1 45 children
    8 17,999.5
    2 267 people
    7 2,568
    4 16.78
    3 876.7
    9 376,750
    5 3.06

    V angličtine je tiež možné vyslovovať číslovky pomocou násobku celých stoviek podobne ako v češtine, a to aj pre číslovky nad 2000. Napr. 1,200 - twelve hundred, ale tiež napríklad 2,500 - twenty-five hundred ap.

    Exercise 3

    • Napíšte vety, ktoré počujete.

    1
    7
    2
    6
    11
    3
    9
    10
    12
    8
    4
    5

    Exercise 4

    • Spojte výroky. Naučte sa názvy krajín a pomenovania ich príslušníkov.

    • 1 John is English.
    • 2 Lucia is Spanish.
    • 3 Ivan is Russian.
    • 4 Helga and Kurt are German.
    • 5 Bob and Jane are American.
    • 6 Keiko is Japanese.
    • 7 Cheng is Chinese.
    • 8 Luis and Jean are French.
    • 9 Mark and Alison are Irish.
    • 10 Paolo and Valeria are Italian.
    • j She's from Japan.
    • f She's from Spain.
    • a They're from Ireland.
    • i They're from France.
    • g They're from the USA.
    • d He's from England.
    • c They're from Germany.
    • e They're from Italy.
    • b He's from China.
    • h He's from Russia.

    Ďalšie národnosti a ich príslušníkov si môžete naštudovať pomocou slovníka. Neštandardné je napríklad: dánsky - Danish ˈdeɪnɪʃ, ale Dán je Dane deɪn, španielsky - Spanish spænɪʃ, ale Španiel je Spaniard ˈspænjəd. My však už vieme, že: “Je to Španiel.” sa dá povedať jednoducho pomocou adjektíva: He's Spanish. Treba si teda hlavne vždy uvedomiť, kedy použiť anglické podstatné meno a kedy adjektívum.

    Exercise 5

    • Doplňte podľa kontextu správne zámená.

    10 Look. There's Bob's sister! No, that's not . She has dark hair.
    7 Who's that boy? What's name?
    5 Here's your milk. Drink now!
    4 Call your parents and ask . They'll tell you.
    6 We aren't ready. Can you wait for ?
    2 My sister is going out tonight. I'm going with .
    3 Our dog is hungry. We must give some food.
    1 There's my brother. Go ask .
    11 We must know this. Please, let know.
    8 Our kids are too young. We can't take with us.
    9 Can I speak to , John?
    12 I need to speak with him. Tell him to call .

    Sloveso need to sa dnes užíva tiež ako musieť (o nutnosti plynúcej z okolností). Napr.: You need to stop it. - Musíš s tým prestať., You need to listen to me. - Musíš ma počúvať.

    Exercise 6

    • Usporiadajte slová do viet podľa bežného anglického slovosledu.

    8 like - weather - is - what - the - today?
    6 your - do - homework - when - you - will?
    5 will - I - it - tell - tomorrow - him - about.
    1 speak - to - need - I - you - to.
    7 back - will - we - be - about - six - at - p.m.
    3 her - tell - about - don't - it!
    2 long - it - take - will - how?
    4 you - the - tonight - coming - party - to - are?

    Exercise 7

    • Doplňte do vety vhodné tvary slovesa be v prítomnom čase.

    11 How much money there? There 15 dollars.
    5 these books yours?
    6 I not afraid of you.
    7 Our children too young for that.
    2 There lots of children.
    9 I right? No, you wrong!
    1 Peter, you coming to the party tonight?
    8 Water good for you.
    10 Why you laughing?
    4 I must hurry. My children waiting for me.
    12 It true! He lying!
    3 What going on?

    Do you get the joke? - Rozumiete vtipu? (Môžete použiť slovník.): I have 10 legs, 8 arms and 3 heads. What am I? - A liar!

    Exercise 8

    • Doplňte podľa pomôcok správne tvary privlastňovacích zámen.

    6 He can't call you. he phone isn't working.
    1 What's that girl's name? she name is Jane.
    8 I phone isn't working. Can I use you ?
    3 There are many parents with they children.
    7 The kids are hungry. They want they food.
    4 It'll be at our house, not they .
    9 He's a good friend of I .
    2 You can't have it. It isn't you .
    10 We want something for we children.
    5 Is that your dog? What's it name?

    Exercise 9

    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    3 How much/many/little people will there be?
    11 I'm making/doing/putting my best. It'll be ready in/at/on 30 minutes.
    5 What book are you watching/looking/reading?
    2 Which/Who/What are you looking for? – I'm looking for you.
    7 Is it long/far/short from here?. No, you can walk there.
    8 There will be not/no/any foreigners.
    6 I'm looking/seeing/watching TV now.
    10 Will you get/let/give me know?
    9 Don't lie! Tell me the true/truth/right.
    12 We're leaving/going/walking out tonight.
    4 My sister is six feet long/tall/big.
    13 We'll meet in/at/on my place in/at/on 6 p.m.
    1 How much/old/tall is your dad? – He's 43.

    Exercise 10

    • Doplňte do vety much alebo many.

    4 There isn't milk here.
    3 They've got kids and very little time.
    8 Hurry up. There isn't time.
    7 How friends are coming?
    10 There are too cars.
    9 How is this car?
    2 There won't be people.
    6 How luggage have you got?
    5 That's too information.
    1 How money will you need?

    Exercise 11

    • Doplňte do vety záporné skrátené tvary slovesa be v prítomnom čase.

    4 His parents glad.
    2 She my sister.
    10 Why you at school?
    7 We very happy.
    9 There any money.
    11 English phrases easy.
    3 My brother here.
    1 I ready.
    5 There any kids.
    6 This book mine.
    8 There many foreigners there.

    Exercise 12

    • Tvorte otázky. Pýtajte sa na zvýraznené slová.

    8 Mark is visiting his friend.
    1 John is leaving tomorrow.
    3 Jane is still sleeping.
    12 We're going out tonight.
    5 They're playing a game.
    4 I'm writing an e-mail.
    6 We're going on holiday.
    7 Jane and Bob are coming.
    2 He's reading a book.
    9 I'm watching a film on TV.
    10 I'm not listening to you.
    11 My friends are having fun.

    Exercise 13

    • Doplňte určité a neurčité členy, kde ich treba.

    7 There are ten cats in house.
    9 Jean is French. He's French student.
    5 There's lot of water in sea.
    1 Jane is nice girl. She's British.
    10 My friends are Irish. They're from Ireland.
    6 Can I have little water?
    8 She's good friend of mine.
    4 The Thames is river in Britain.
    11 I'll take taxi to work.
    3 British are nice people.
    2 Bob is American. He has house in USA.

    Exercise 14

    • Spojte otázky a reakcie.

    • 1 Am I disturbing you?
    • 2 What time will you be back?
    • 3 Shall we walk?
    • 4 Who are you looking for?
    • 5 Are you going on holiday?
    • 6 Is he American?
    • 7 How long will it take?
    • 8 What will you drink?
    • b Yes, we're going to the seaside.
    • e No, I think he's British.
    • f I need to speak to Mr Brown.
    • d No, come in!
    • a No, we'll take a taxi.
    • g I'll leave that to you.
    • c It'll be ready tomorrow.
    • h At about half past six.

    Zapamätajte si užitočný obrat: I'll leave that to you. - To nechám na vás. Podobne: Leave that to me. - Nechaj(te) to na mňa.

    Exercise 15

    • Doplňte some alebo any.

    3 Are there kids there?
    4 There aren't people.
    9 I can't see children.
    10 Can he speak foreign languages?
    5 Can you give me money?
    2 Can I have water?
    8 of them are students.
    6 We haven't got milk.
    1 We need time.
    7 Have you got pets?

    Exercise 16

    • Dajte vety v prítomnom čase do jednoduchého budúceho času.

    9 What are you doing?
    4 I'm leaving in ten minutes.
    1 They are going on holiday.
    10 Who's coming?
    8 When are we leaving?
    11 I can't come.
    3 My mum is making dinner.
    5 We are meeting at my place.
    6 He's not afraid.
    12 We must do it.
    7 We aren't at home.
    2 He isn't sleeping at home.

    Exercise 17

    • Povedzte po anglicky. Využite pomôcky.

    5 Počúvaš ma? listen
    9 Kde sa stretneme? meet
    15 Ja nespím! sleep
    11 Nie sú tam žiadni ľudia. no
    3 Neviem po anglicky. speak
    1 Angličtina je ľahká. easy
    12 Dám mu vedieť. let know
    6 Kedy odchádzaš? leave
    4 Pomôžeš mi? help
    8 Je niečo na jedenie? anything to eat
    2 Učím sa po anglicky. learn
    7 Je málo času. little
    14 Kedy prídu? arrive
    10 Sú tam nejaké deti? any
    13 Koľko je hodín? what time

    Sloveso spať je anglicky to sleep, ale bežne možno použiť aj spojenie be asleep əˈsliːp. Možno povedať: He's sleeping., alebo He's asleep., Are you sleeping? alebo Are you asleep?

    Exercise 18

    • Doplňte slovo opačného významu.

    4 Now we are young, but we'll be too.
    5 His English is very good, but mine is .
    1 English is easy, but Japanese is .
    6 She's sad and he's .
    2 My brother is little and I am .
    7 There will be many men but only women.
    3 I'm cold and she's . I'm tall and she's .
    8 There's too much work and too time.

    Exercise 19

    • Spojte súvisiace výroky.

    • 1 Grass in spring is
    • 2 Bananas are
    • 3 Chocolate is
    • 4 The sky at night is
    • 5 Good tomatoes are
    • 6 The sea is
    • 7 Oranges are
    • 8 Snow is
    • a brown.
    • b white.
    • g blue.
    • f green.
    • d orange.
    • h black.
    • c red.
    • e yellow.

    Exercise 20

    • Vyberte správnu predložku.

    13 She'll be here in/at/to five p.m. I'll speak on/to/at her.
    4 What are you doing in/at/on Monday?
    10 I'll call you on/at/in the morning.
    6 That's the house at/of/to my parents.
    5 It's half to/past/at six. I'm going to/at/for work.
    2 She'll be back in/for/on an hour.
    1 He's afraid at/to/of you.
    8 Where is he to/for/from?
    12 It isn't far of/from/to here. We'll be there at/in/to time.
    7 Don't call me in/at/on night.
    9 Look at/on/to this photo.
    11 We go there on/to/at weekends.
    3 We'll meet in/at/on my place in/at/on the evening.

    Sloveso speak sa viaže s predložkou to alebo with (hovoriť s niekým). Speak to všeobecne naznačuje skôr snahu o jednostrannú komunikáciu. (hovoriť k niekomu, hl. z pozície autority ap.). Napr.: I'll speak to him. - Prehovorím (si) s ním. (dohovorím mu ap.) Speak with všeobecne naznačuje skôr dialóg. Napr.: I'll speak with him. - Budem s ním hovoriť. ap.

    Exercise 21

    • Doplňte správne tvary slovies.

    9 Stop it! It's get on my nerves.
    13 Mark enjoy his work.
    6 Who know about it? I let you know.
    2 Why are you sit here?
    4 We're just work on it. It be ready soon.
    12 We'll go shop tomorrow.
    11 I want see it. Can you show it to me?
    7 How are you feel ?
    5 My mum have no time.
    1 A man is wait there for you.
    10 What are you read ? My dad read a lot.
    3 My brother speak four languages.
    8 They not be now. They be back soon.

    Sloveso baviť (čo koho) sa často prekláda anglickým enjoy (tešiť sa z niečoho, užívať si niečo) alebo like (mať rád, páčiť sa). Majte však na pamäti, že oproti slovenčine dochádza pri týchto slovesách k obráteniu podmetu a prísudku! Teda nie, že niečo baví niekoho, ale niekto má rád/si užíva niečo. Napr.: “Baví ma to.” - I enjoy it. Keď niečo niekoho už nebaví, väčšinou sa použije obrat be tired of ..., teda, že už je niekto z niečoho unavený. Napr.: “Už ma to nebaví.” - I'm tired of it.

    Exercise 22

    • Doplňte preklady viet.

    2 Odchádzame za 2 dni. We're in two days.
    6 Prepáčte, že idem neskoro. Sorry, I'm .
    9 Urobíš to pre mňa? you do it for me?
    16 Pridáte sa k nám? Will you us?
    12 Ako je vysoký? How is he?
    7 Vyzerá to na dážď. It looks rain.
    3 Bob má veľa priateľov. Bob a lot of friends.
    13 Môžem ďalej? - Samozrejme! Can I in? - Of  !
    14 Môžem sa ťa niečo opýtať? May I you something?
    1 Odkiaľ ste? Where are you ?
    11 Urobím, čo budem môcť. I'll do my .
    10 V koľko hodín prídeš? What will you come?
    8 Nehovor mu to, prosím! Please tell him!
    4 Jane o tom vie. Jane about it.
    15 Dnes večer ideme niekam von. We're going out .
    5 Koľko máš rokov? How are you?

    Exercise 23

    • Doplňte vhodné slová.

    2 How is she? – She's 35.
    4 are you? – I'm fine. Thanks.
    13 I'm leaving for London. – Have a safe !
    12 Shall we go bus or car? – We'll a taxi.
    10 Sorry, I have no time. I'm very now.
    3 What are the kids doing? – They're some games.
    9 Can I with you? – No, you'll stay here.
    6 He isn't here now. We will to wait for him.
    11 I'll be back soon. Will you for me?
    1 I'm not afraid him. He's my friend.
    5 What's the like? – It's raining again.
    7 We're waiting you! You are again.
    8 He's ! – No, he's wrong!

    K slovesu leave (odísť kam) sa viaže predložka for, nie to, ako by Slovákovi mohlo napadnúť! Leave vyjadruje, že niekto opúšťa nejaké miesto pre iné. Napr.: I'm leaving Bratislava for London. - “Odchádzam z Bratislavy do Londýna.” ap. Ak po leave nasleduje to, uvádza neurčitok iného slovesa vyjadrujúceho účel. Napr.: He's leaving London to work in New York. - Odchádza z Londýna pracovať do New Yorku.

    Exercise 24

    • Povedzte po anglicky.

    15 Koľko to bude trvať?
    7 Čakáte na niekoho?
    8 Prídeš?
    16 Nie som pripravený.
    2 Nečakajte na mňa.
    3 Dajte sa druhou ulicou vľavo.
    10 Som Slovák.
    9 Chcem navštíviť priateľa v Londýne.
    5 Zdržíme sa tri dni.
    19 Vstúpte!
    6 Vezmeme si taxík.
    20 Šťastnú cestu!
    11 Pôjdeme?
    18 Je mi horúco.
    17 Budete musieť počkať.
    4 Bývame v hoteli.
    1 Kam ideš na dovolenku?
    12 Požiadam ho o pomoc.
    13 Bude to stačiť?
    14 Čo si dáte? (k jedlu)

    Všimnite si, ako logicky sú tvorené slovíčka: something - some+thing (nejaká vec - niečo), nothing - no+thing (žiadna vec - nič), everything - every+thing (každá vec - všetko) a anything - any+thing (akákoľvek vec - čokoľvek). Ľahko si tak zapamätáte hneď niekoľko užitočných slov. Podobne fungujú slová somebody (niekto), nobody (nikto), everybody (každý) a anybody (ktokoľvek).

    Sloveso may meɪ znamená “smieť”, ale užíva sa tiež k vyjadreniu potenciálnej možnosti či neistoty (možno, hádam ap.). Napr.: You may be right. - “Možno máš pravdu”, We may go to... - “Mohli by sme treba ísť do...”, I may be back soon. - “Možno budem skoro späť.” ap. Viac pozri tvary might a may v lekcii 14.