Exercises

Exercise 1

    • Čítajte nahlas a preložte.

    8 Are they waiting for me?
    13 What will you do?
    10 There are many foreigners here.
    16 We can't wait.
    11 How much is it?
    15 Can you help us?
    17 You'll have to ask him.
    14 Shall we go?
    4 My name is ...
    9 That's my sister's car.
    5 I'm not from here.
    20 I have to go.
    7 Is there anybody here?
    2 What's your name?
    18 Have some!
    12 That's not true!
    1 He's a learner of English.
    3 Let me introduce myself.
    19 I hope not.
    6 Where are you from?

    Exercise 2

    • Napíšte anglicky celými slovami číselné údaje.

    5 3.06
    4 16.78
    3 876.7
    6 86.05
    9 376,750
    7 2,568
    10 14,064,559
    1 45 children
    2 267 people
    8 17,999.5

    V angličtine je tiež možné vyslovovať číslovky pomocou násobku celých stoviek podobne ako v češtine, a to aj pre číslovky nad 2000. Napr. 1,200 - twelve hundred, ale tiež napríklad 2,500 - twenty-five hundred ap.

    Exercise 3

    • Napíšte vety, ktoré počujete.

    3
    4
    11
    10
    1
    12
    2
    7
    6
    5
    8
    9

    Exercise 4

    • Spojte výroky. Naučte sa názvy krajín a pomenovania ich príslušníkov.

    • 1 John is English.
    • 2 Lucia is Spanish.
    • 3 Ivan is Russian.
    • 4 Helga and Kurt are German.
    • 5 Bob and Jane are American.
    • 6 Keiko is Japanese.
    • 7 Cheng is Chinese.
    • 8 Luis and Jean are French.
    • 9 Mark and Alison are Irish.
    • 10 Paolo and Valeria are Italian.
    • j She's from Japan.
    • g They're from the USA.
    • d He's from England.
    • c They're from Germany.
    • a They're from Ireland.
    • b He's from China.
    • f She's from Spain.
    • i They're from France.
    • e They're from Italy.
    • h He's from Russia.

    Ďalšie národnosti a ich príslušníkov si môžete naštudovať pomocou slovníka. Neštandardné je napríklad: dánsky - Danish ˈdeɪnɪʃ, ale Dán je Dane deɪn, španielsky - Spanish spænɪʃ, ale Španiel je Spaniard ˈspænjəd. My však už vieme, že: “Je to Španiel.” sa dá povedať jednoducho pomocou adjektíva: He's Spanish. Treba si teda hlavne vždy uvedomiť, kedy použiť anglické podstatné meno a kedy adjektívum.

    Exercise 5

    • Doplňte podľa kontextu správne zámená.

    4 Call your parents and ask . They'll tell you.
    1 There's my brother. Go ask .
    7 Who's that boy? What's name?
    9 Can I speak to , John?
    10 Look. There's Bob's sister! No, that's not . She has dark hair.
    3 Our dog is hungry. We must give some food.
    11 We must know this. Please, let know.
    8 Our kids are too young. We can't take with us.
    2 My sister is going out tonight. I'm going with .
    5 Here's your milk. Drink now!
    12 I need to speak with him. Tell him to call .
    6 We aren't ready. Can you wait for ?

    Sloveso need to sa dnes užíva tiež ako musieť (o nutnosti plynúcej z okolností). Napr.: You need to stop it. - Musíš s tým prestať., You need to listen to me. - Musíš ma počúvať.

    Exercise 6

    • Usporiadajte slová do viet podľa bežného anglického slovosledu.

    4 you - the - tonight - coming - party - to - are?
    1 speak - to - need - I - you - to.
    2 long - it - take - will - how?
    5 will - I - it - tell - tomorrow - him - about.
    6 your - do - homework - when - you - will?
    8 like - weather - is - what - the - today?
    7 back - will - we - be - about - six - at - p.m.
    3 her - tell - about - don't - it!

    Exercise 7

    • Doplňte do vety vhodné tvary slovesa be v prítomnom čase.

    3 What going on?
    4 I must hurry. My children waiting for me.
    12 It true! He lying!
    2 There lots of children.
    10 Why you laughing?
    7 Our children too young for that.
    1 Peter, you coming to the party tonight?
    11 How much money there? There 15 dollars.
    9 I right? No, you wrong!
    8 Water good for you.
    6 I not afraid of you.
    5 these books yours?

    Do you get the joke? - Rozumiete vtipu? (Môžete použiť slovník.): I have 10 legs, 8 arms and 3 heads. What am I? - A liar!

    Exercise 8

    • Doplňte podľa pomôcok správne tvary privlastňovacích zámen.

    8 I phone isn't working. Can I use you ?
    7 The kids are hungry. They want they food.
    9 He's a good friend of I .
    2 You can't have it. It isn't you .
    3 There are many parents with they children.
    10 We want something for we children.
    5 Is that your dog? What's it name?
    6 He can't call you. he phone isn't working.
    1 What's that girl's name? she name is Jane.
    4 It'll be at our house, not they .

    Exercise 9

    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    2 Which/Who/What are you looking for? – I'm looking for you.
    8 There will be not/no/any foreigners.
    12 We're leaving/going/walking out tonight.
    13 We'll meet in/at/on my place in/at/on 6 p.m.
    10 Will you get/let/give me know?
    1 How much/old/tall is your dad? – He's 43.
    4 My sister is six feet long/tall/big.
    9 Don't lie! Tell me the true/truth/right.
    7 Is it long/far/short from here?. No, you can walk there.
    5 What book are you watching/looking/reading?
    6 I'm looking/seeing/watching TV now.
    11 I'm making/doing/putting my best. It'll be ready in/at/on 30 minutes.
    3 How much/many/little people will there be?

    Exercise 10

    • Doplňte do vety much alebo many.

    1 How money will you need?
    8 Hurry up. There isn't time.
    4 There isn't milk here.
    9 How is this car?
    10 There are too cars.
    5 That's too information.
    6 How luggage have you got?
    2 There won't be people.
    7 How friends are coming?
    3 They've got kids and very little time.

    Exercise 11

    • Doplňte do vety záporné skrátené tvary slovesa be v prítomnom čase.

    5 There any kids.
    9 There any money.
    6 This book mine.
    3 My brother here.
    10 Why you at school?
    11 English phrases easy.
    7 We very happy.
    4 His parents glad.
    2 She my sister.
    1 I ready.
    8 There many foreigners there.

    Exercise 12

    • Tvorte otázky. Pýtajte sa na zvýraznené slová.

    8 Mark is visiting his friend.
    3 Jane is still sleeping.
    4 I'm writing an e-mail.
    1 John is leaving tomorrow.
    6 We're going on holiday.
    5 They're playing a game.
    9 I'm watching a film on TV.
    12 We're going out tonight.
    2 He's reading a book.
    11 My friends are having fun.
    7 Jane and Bob are coming.
    10 I'm not listening to you.

    Exercise 13

    • Doplňte určité a neurčité členy, kde ich treba.

    10 My friends are Irish. They're from Ireland.
    2 Bob is American. He has house in USA.
    11 I'll take taxi to work.
    8 She's good friend of mine.
    5 There's lot of water in sea.
    3 British are nice people.
    7 There are ten cats in house.
    4 The Thames is river in Britain.
    1 Jane is nice girl. She's British.
    9 Jean is French. He's French student.
    6 Can I have little water?

    Exercise 14

    • Spojte otázky a reakcie.

    • 1 Am I disturbing you?
    • 2 What time will you be back?
    • 3 Shall we walk?
    • 4 Who are you looking for?
    • 5 Are you going on holiday?
    • 6 Is he American?
    • 7 How long will it take?
    • 8 What will you drink?
    • e No, I think he's British.
    • b Yes, we're going to the seaside.
    • a No, we'll take a taxi.
    • f I need to speak to Mr Brown.
    • h At about half past six.
    • g I'll leave that to you.
    • c It'll be ready tomorrow.
    • d No, come in!

    Zapamätajte si užitočný obrat: I'll leave that to you. - To nechám na vás. Podobne: Leave that to me. - Nechaj(te) to na mňa.

    Exercise 15

    • Doplňte some alebo any.

    9 I can't see children.
    6 We haven't got milk.
    10 Can he speak foreign languages?
    4 There aren't people.
    8 of them are students.
    2 Can I have water?
    3 Are there kids there?
    5 Can you give me money?
    1 We need time.
    7 Have you got pets?

    Exercise 16

    • Dajte vety v prítomnom čase do jednoduchého budúceho času.

    5 We are meeting at my place.
    2 He isn't sleeping at home.
    8 When are we leaving?
    7 We aren't at home.
    9 What are you doing?
    1 They are going on holiday.
    6 He's not afraid.
    12 We must do it.
    4 I'm leaving in ten minutes.
    11 I can't come.
    10 Who's coming?
    3 My mum is making dinner.

    Exercise 17

    • Povedzte po anglicky. Využite pomôcky.

    8 Je niečo na jedenie? anything to eat
    7 Je málo času. little
    10 Sú tam nejaké deti? any
    14 Kedy prídu? arrive
    15 Ja nespím! sleep
    11 Nie sú tam žiadni ľudia. no
    13 Koľko je hodín? what time
    5 Počúvaš ma? listen
    2 Učím sa po anglicky. learn
    9 Kde sa stretneme? meet
    1 Angličtina je ľahká. easy
    3 Neviem po anglicky. speak
    12 Dám mu vedieť. let know
    4 Pomôžeš mi? help
    6 Kedy odchádzaš? leave

    Sloveso spať je anglicky to sleep, ale bežne možno použiť aj spojenie be asleep əˈsliːp. Možno povedať: He's sleeping., alebo He's asleep., Are you sleeping? alebo Are you asleep?

    Exercise 18

    • Doplňte slovo opačného významu.

    4 Now we are young, but we'll be too.
    2 My brother is little and I am .
    7 There will be many men but only women.
    8 There's too much work and too time.
    5 His English is very good, but mine is .
    1 English is easy, but Japanese is .
    6 She's sad and he's .
    3 I'm cold and she's . I'm tall and she's .

    Exercise 19

    • Spojte súvisiace výroky.

    • 1 Grass in spring is
    • 2 Bananas are
    • 3 Chocolate is
    • 4 The sky at night is
    • 5 Good tomatoes are
    • 6 The sea is
    • 7 Oranges are
    • 8 Snow is
    • e yellow.
    • b white.
    • h black.
    • d orange.
    • c red.
    • f green.
    • a brown.
    • g blue.

    Exercise 20

    • Vyberte správnu predložku.

    12 It isn't far of/from/to here. We'll be there at/in/to time.
    9 Look at/on/to this photo.
    7 Don't call me in/at/on night.
    13 She'll be here in/at/to five p.m. I'll speak on/to/at her.
    5 It's half to/past/at six. I'm going to/at/for work.
    6 That's the house at/of/to my parents.
    2 She'll be back in/for/on an hour.
    3 We'll meet in/at/on my place in/at/on the evening.
    8 Where is he to/for/from?
    1 He's afraid at/to/of you.
    11 We go there on/to/at weekends.
    10 I'll call you on/at/in the morning.
    4 What are you doing in/at/on Monday?

    Sloveso speak sa viaže s predložkou to alebo with (hovoriť s niekým). Speak to všeobecne naznačuje skôr snahu o jednostrannú komunikáciu. (hovoriť k niekomu, hl. z pozície autority ap.). Napr.: I'll speak to him. - Prehovorím (si) s ním. (dohovorím mu ap.) Speak with všeobecne naznačuje skôr dialóg. Napr.: I'll speak with him. - Budem s ním hovoriť. ap.

    Exercise 21

    • Doplňte správne tvary slovies.

    4 We're just work on it. It be ready soon.
    5 My mum have no time.
    13 Mark enjoy his work.
    2 Why are you sit here?
    9 Stop it! It's get on my nerves.
    7 How are you feel ?
    6 Who know about it? I let you know.
    11 I want see it. Can you show it to me?
    8 They not be now. They be back soon.
    1 A man is wait there for you.
    12 We'll go shop tomorrow.
    3 My brother speak four languages.
    10 What are you read ? My dad read a lot.

    Sloveso baviť (čo koho) sa často prekláda anglickým enjoy (tešiť sa z niečoho, užívať si niečo) alebo like (mať rád, páčiť sa). Majte však na pamäti, že oproti slovenčine dochádza pri týchto slovesách k obráteniu podmetu a prísudku! Teda nie, že niečo baví niekoho, ale niekto má rád/si užíva niečo. Napr.: “Baví ma to.” - I enjoy it. Keď niečo niekoho už nebaví, väčšinou sa použije obrat be tired of ..., teda, že už je niekto z niečoho unavený. Napr.: “Už ma to nebaví.” - I'm tired of it.

    Exercise 22

    • Doplňte preklady viet.

    6 Prepáčte, že idem neskoro. Sorry, I'm .
    2 Odchádzame za 2 dni. We're in two days.
    13 Môžem ďalej? - Samozrejme! Can I in? - Of  !
    9 Urobíš to pre mňa? you do it for me?
    14 Môžem sa ťa niečo opýtať? May I you something?
    16 Pridáte sa k nám? Will you us?
    10 V koľko hodín prídeš? What will you come?
    8 Nehovor mu to, prosím! Please tell him!
    1 Odkiaľ ste? Where are you ?
    5 Koľko máš rokov? How are you?
    15 Dnes večer ideme niekam von. We're going out .
    11 Urobím, čo budem môcť. I'll do my .
    7 Vyzerá to na dážď. It looks rain.
    4 Jane o tom vie. Jane about it.
    3 Bob má veľa priateľov. Bob a lot of friends.
    12 Ako je vysoký? How is he?

    Exercise 23

    • Doplňte vhodné slová.

    11 I'll be back soon. Will you for me?
    10 Sorry, I have no time. I'm very now.
    9 Can I with you? – No, you'll stay here.
    6 He isn't here now. We will to wait for him.
    13 I'm leaving for London. – Have a safe !
    7 We're waiting you! You are again.
    8 He's ! – No, he's wrong!
    3 What are the kids doing? – They're some games.
    5 What's the like? – It's raining again.
    4 are you? – I'm fine. Thanks.
    12 Shall we go bus or car? – We'll a taxi.
    2 How is she? – She's 35.
    1 I'm not afraid him. He's my friend.

    K slovesu leave (odísť kam) sa viaže predložka for, nie to, ako by Slovákovi mohlo napadnúť! Leave vyjadruje, že niekto opúšťa nejaké miesto pre iné. Napr.: I'm leaving Bratislava for London. - “Odchádzam z Bratislavy do Londýna.” ap. Ak po leave nasleduje to, uvádza neurčitok iného slovesa vyjadrujúceho účel. Napr.: He's leaving London to work in New York. - Odchádza z Londýna pracovať do New Yorku.

    Exercise 24

    • Povedzte po anglicky.

    20 Šťastnú cestu!
    5 Zdržíme sa tri dni.
    1 Kam ideš na dovolenku?
    2 Nečakajte na mňa.
    13 Bude to stačiť?
    3 Dajte sa druhou ulicou vľavo.
    18 Je mi horúco.
    11 Pôjdeme?
    6 Vezmeme si taxík.
    12 Požiadam ho o pomoc.
    9 Chcem navštíviť priateľa v Londýne.
    8 Prídeš?
    15 Koľko to bude trvať?
    7 Čakáte na niekoho?
    10 Som Slovák.
    19 Vstúpte!
    16 Nie som pripravený.
    14 Čo si dáte? (k jedlu)
    17 Budete musieť počkať.
    4 Bývame v hoteli.

    Všimnite si, ako logicky sú tvorené slovíčka: something - some+thing (nejaká vec - niečo), nothing - no+thing (žiadna vec - nič), everything - every+thing (každá vec - všetko) a anything - any+thing (akákoľvek vec - čokoľvek). Ľahko si tak zapamätáte hneď niekoľko užitočných slov. Podobne fungujú slová somebody (niekto), nobody (nikto), everybody (každý) a anybody (ktokoľvek).

    Sloveso may meɪ znamená “smieť”, ale užíva sa tiež k vyjadreniu potenciálnej možnosti či neistoty (možno, hádam ap.). Napr.: You may be right. - “Možno máš pravdu”, We may go to... - “Mohli by sme treba ísť do...”, I may be back soon. - “Možno budem skoro späť.” ap. Viac pozri tvary might a may v lekcii 14.