Exercises

Exercise 1

    • Preložte do slovenčiny.

    6 It'll be best to take a taxi.
    20 It feels great!
    2 Take a look at this!
    1 What are you watching?
    9 Is this your first time here?
    8 We met several times.
    7 It was nice meeting you.
    16 Shall we sit down?
    13 Let's go shopping!
    11 I'll pick you up at the airport.
    4 She knew nothing about it.
    12 She never speaks to me.
    14 She keeps talking about it.
    18 There's no need to worry.
    15 He doesn't care about her.
    17 I spent an hour looking for it.
    5 He tries hard to be the best.
    3 Tell him not to buy it.
    10 What time does your plane land?
    19 That sounds interesting.

    Feel je cítiť alebo cítiť sa, ale možno ho použiť aj keď opisujeme, aký pocit niečo vyvoláva. Napr. It feels good. - Je to dobrý pocit., It feels cold. - Chladí to.

    Exercise 2

    • Odpovedzte celou vetou kladne a potom záporne.

    1 Are you hungry?
    7 Do they agree?
    8 Should I tell her?
    4 Have you got any money?
    5 Is she coming too?
    6 Will you be there?
    2 Does he know?
    10 Am I right?
    3 Can they help us?
    9 Could he do it for us?

    Right znamená správny či správne. Možno ho ale tiež použiť v uisťovacích otázkach. Napr. Is that right? - Je to tak? či iba Right? - Že (áno)?

    Exercise 3

    • Tvorte otázky. Pýtajte sa na zvýraznené slová.

    3 They're going to arrange it.
    5 It costs twenty dollars.
    1 I'm watching the news.
    10 We got there at seven.
    9 He goes there twice a week.
    11 He's got no children.
    2 Frank is coming too.
    7 Bob broke his leg last week.
    8 She's afraid of flying.
    6 Only ten people came there.
    12 It's going to take a week.
    4 We'll meet on Wednesday.

    Exercise 4

    • Napíšte po anglicky celými slovami číselné údaje.

    10 in the 1980s
    8 9,756,004
    5 4.6,000,000
    12 phone number 670098883
    9 in the year 2015
    3 246 people
    1 on May 1st and 26th
    6 0.05 seconds
    13 Charles II and Henry VIII
    11 bus number 102
    4 3,500
    2 He was 52nd.
    7 35,785

    V písanej angličtine (hl. v novinách ap.) môžete často v kontexte súm a hodnôt naraziť na skratky K či k pre tisíce (z anglického kilo) a M či m pre milióny million. Napr. They spent $2.5M - “Utratili 2,5 milióna dolárov.”, It cost $15k. - “Stálo to 15 tisíc dolárov.” Podobne sa používa aj skratka B či bn pre miliardy (billion).

    Exercise 5

    • Odpovedzte celou vetou podľa pomôcok.

    7 What did they want? more money
    12 What did she tell you? nothing
    2 How many dogs does she have? 2 dogs
    8 Did he cause any problems? no problems
    9 What did you drink? only tea
    3 When did she come back? at 2 a.m.
    5 How much did it cost? 2000 dollars
    14 Did you travel by bus? no, hire a car
    11 Were there any problems? lots of
    6 When is she coming back? on Friday
    1 How often does he exercise? 3x a week
    10 Did you have a good time? great time
    13 When did you see him? last week
    4 What are we going to do? ask them for help

    Sloveso hire možno v britskej angličtine použiť aj na človeka a vec. V americkej angličtine sa ale hire užíva len na pracovníkov. Na prenájom vecí (požičiavanie za peniaze) sa v USA užíva rent. Napr.: We rented a car. - Požičali sme si auto. ap.

    Exercise 6

    • Tvorte vety opačného významu.

    9 They could help us.
    7 She's got a lot of friends.
    5 She doesn't like travelling.
    2 She should tell them.
    4 You should eat less meat.
    6 There's too much water.
    10 We'll be able to come.
    8 There were more people.
    3 I'm going to tell him.
    1 He speaks English.

    Exercise 7

    • Tvorte oznamovacie vety v prítomnom, budúcom a jednoduchom minulom čase.

    2 my parents, know
    1 he, speak about it
    4 we, meet, on the bus
    9 he, not like the food
    3 she, send us, messages
    7 we, spend weekends abroad
    5 I, give him, the money
    6 she, sit between us
    10 the car, be, not expensive
    8 our dog, not eat that

    Exercise 8

    • Povedzte po anglicky. Využite pomôcky.

    2 Poďme ku mne (domov)!
    my place
    7 To bude omnoho lepšie.
    better
    4 Vyzerá to zaujímavo.
    look
    9 Pekne to vonia.
    smell
    1 To znie dobre!
    sound
    10 To je ale škoda!
    pity
    8 Nehádajme sa!
    let, argue
    3 Nech mi zavolá! (on)
    let, call
    5 Nehovor mu o tom!
    tell
    6 Požiadaj ju, nech príde.
    ask, come

    Exercise 9

    • Upravte vety do času jednoduchého prítomného a jednoduchého minulého.

    1 She's feeling good.
    5 School is beginning.
    3 It's snowing.
    2 Bob is trying hard.
    9 He's bringing her flowers.
    10 I'm drinking beer.
    4 She's making dinner.
    7 She's sleeping late.
    8 I'm writing some e-mails.
    6 He's coming.

    Exercise 10

    • Doplňte 2. alebo 3. stupeň prídavných mien.

    12 There were only 9 people last time, but today there are even .
    6 It's such a bad film! I think it's the film of all.
    8 It's very dangerous. You should be careful.
    3 He may be fast, but he isn't the in the world.
    5 My idea was bad but his idea is even .
    7 Jane is so beautiful. She's the girl that I know.
    11 He's good at tennis, but I am much .
    9 He tried so hard. He really did his .
    4 That house is expensive, but this house is much .
    2 My dog is big, but his dog is even .
    10 You didn't try enough. You must try next time.
    1 He's tall but he isn't the boy in the family.

    Pozor na predložku: be good at ... - byť dobrý v... Napr.: He's good at it. - Ide mu to., Je v tom dobrý., I'm really bad at that. - To mi vôbec nejde. Slovo even sa používa na zdôraznenie ako slovenské ešte alebo dokonca či v zápore ani. Napr. He didn't even say goodbye. - Ani sa nerozlúčil. ap.

    Exercise 11

    • Použite gerundium na vytvorenie vety s rovnakým významom.

    9 I dislike it when I have to wait.
    11 She works hard and she enjoys it.
    7 It should be easy to repair.
    10 I hate it when people lie to me.
    8 It will be hard to solve.
    3 Music started to play.
    2 They love to sing.
    6 He hates it when he gets up early.
    12 I can remember that he told her.
    1 He likes to play games.
    5 We love it when we go out.
    4 He continued to read.

    Exercise 12

    • Preložte. Sústreďte sa na predložky.

    7 What else do you like besides watching TV?
    4 people aged between 30 and 50
    3 It's just around the corner.
    14 Someone's knocking at the door.
    8 He lives in the flat above me.
    13 We are open from 8 a.m. to 6 p.m.
    12 Go down this road.
    6 I'll wait outside the shop.
    10 I'm ready for anything.
    11 You can't take it on the plane.
    2 You are among friends.
    9 He sits in front of the TV.
    1 She left for work an hour ago.
    5 The worst is behind us.

    Zaklopať na niečo je síce po anglicky to knock on, napr. He knocked on the door., ale pokiaľ niekto stojí pri dverách a klope, použije sa bežne aj at the door. Fráza to answer the door potom znamená: (ísť) otvoriť (niekomu, kto klope, zvoní).

    Exercise 13

    • Vyberte správnu predložku.

    6 We often meet at/on/inside the bus or in/on/at the bus stop.
    8 Walk over/through/by the bridge and then turn left.
    1 We'll meet at half to/after/past seven in/at/to my place.
    12 I'll make a reservation in/at/to the Marriott Hotel.
    5 She asked me to/at/for it and I gave it for/to/at her.
    9 My birthday is at/on/in 3rd March.
    11 What are you doing in/at/on Friday?
    13 Meet me on/to/at the airport in/at/on eight o'clock.
    2 It's (a) quarter to/at/from six.
    4 There are lots of people at/in/about the streets.
    3 It's freezing outside. The temperature is under/below/behind zero.
    10 We were at/in/on the seaside not on/in/at the mountains.
    7 She's afraid to/of/about flying.

    Príkaz: Meet me ... možno preložiť ako Stretneme sa... (tam a tam).

    Užitočná fráza: without somebody's knowing - bez niečieho vedomia. Napr.: He did it without my knowing. - Urobil to bez môjho vedomia.

    Exercise 15

    • Spojte súvisiace výroky.

    • 1 Why did Jane leave?
    • 2 Can we go now?
    • 3 Did you tell anybody?
    • 4 Did you speak to Bob?
    • 5 Where did you meet?
    • 6 How often do you go there?
    • 7 Will you come to the party?
    • 8 Did you go on holiday?
    • 9 Does he have any siblings?
    • 10 How much did it cost?
    • b We met on the bus.
    • e No, I won't be able to.
    • a No, I told nobody.
    • c She had to go to work.
    • j No, he's an only child.
    • d Yes, we went on a road trip.
    • h It wasn't very expensive.
    • g Yes, I spoke to him last week.
    • f No, we'll have to wait.
    • i Usually twice a week.

    Road trip rəʊdtrɪp je dlhšia cesta pre zábavu podniknutá hl. autom. Napr.: We went on a road trip around the US. - Obišli sme autom USA.

    Exercise 16

    • Vyberte správne slovo.

    4 I tried it many/much times.
    13 He made much/many mistakes.
    2 He doesn't eat many/much meat.
    17 He should get other/another chance.
    11 There are little/few cars in the streets.
    15 He causes too many/much trouble.
    6 That's too much/many money.
    5 There wasn't very/much time.
    10 How many/much water do you drink every day?
    3 There will be many/much people.
    18 Are there any other/another ideas?
    9 It should take only little/few time.
    1 How many/much will it cost?
    7 There were less/fewer people.
    8 I have only little/a few friends.
    19 How many/much beers did you have?
    14 There was few/little rain last year.
    16 It'll be many/much better.
    12 I speak very little/few English.

    Látkové podstatné mená ako tea, coffee, beer ap., sú síce všeobecne nepočítateľné, ale ak hovoríme o konkrétnych porciách, druhoch ap., ide už o slovo počítateľné. Takže napr.: You drink too much coffee., ale I had too many coffees., podobne I drank too much beer., ale How many beers did you have? ap.

    Exercise 17

    • Preložte pomocou účelového neurčitku.

    4 Aby si mal peniaze, musíš pracovať. work, have money
    5 Som tu, aby som sa s ňou porozprával. speak to
    3 Volám, aby som ti povedal... call, tell
    6 Potrebujem, aby si mi pomohol. need you, help
    9 Učím sa po anglicky, aby som rozumel cudzincom. learn, understand, foreigner
    7 Povedz im, aby na nás nečakali. tell, wait
    1 Požiadaj ho, aby mi to poslal. ask, send
    11 Zavolám bratovi, aby ma odviezol na letisko. call, take, to the airport
    8 Chcem, aby si to urobil hneď. want you, do, right now
    10 Musíme sa poponáhľať, aby sme tam boli včas. hurry, in time
    12 Beriem si taxík, aby som neprišiel neskoro. take, taxi, be late
    2 Povedz jej, nech počká. tell, wait
    13 Žiadala ma, aby som jej dal ďalšiu šancu. ask, give, chance

    By chance znamená náhodou. They met by chance. - Stretli sa náhodou.

    Exercise 18

    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    7 If you don't know what to do, ask everybody/somebody/nobody.
    9 If you drink 5 beers, you'll be tall/drunk/broken.
    13 Don't open the door unless you feel/know/smell the person behind it.
    2 If you aren't sure, you had/should/shall ask somebody.
    8 It's early. If you call him now, you'll spend/wake/keep him.
    1 If you eat too much, you will be smart/fat/rich.
    11 If you don't have a phone, you can use my/me/mine.
    6 She'll like you more if you leave/quit/let smoking.
    4 If it is hot/cold/late, I will wear a coat.
    3 If he's so smart, why isn't he tall/rich/broken?
    10 If you're tired, you should have a look/rest/pity.
    5 How can he know that if somebody/nobody/everybody told him?
    12 If it's expensive/broken/lost, someone should repair it.

    Nezamieňajte anglické feel (cítiť - dotykom, mať pocit) a smell (cítiť čuchom)! Napr.: Can you smell it? - “Cítiš to?”. Sloveso smell of ... je v angličtine všeobecne neutrálne (znamená byť cítiť čím) napr. It smells of petrol. - “Je to cítiť benzínom.”, smell good/nice je voňať a smell bad je páchnuť, smrdieť. V niektorých prípadoch však má už samotné smell negatívny kontext. Napr.: Your feet smell! - “Smrdia ti nohy!”, His breath smells. - “Páchne mu z úst.” ap.

    Exercise 19

    • Doplňte slova: soon, early, late, later, in time

    6 I hate people being late, so be there .
    1 He just left for a minute. He should be back .
    4 I have no time now. I'll look at it .
    9 Please let me know as as possible!
    3 I'm leaving home now. I'll be there .
    5 He'll call me in an hour, so we should know .
    10 We agreed to meet at 6 and it's 6:20. You are again!
    2 Last time he was late and today he's . He's never on time.
    7 He went to bed late. Don't wake him too .
    8 She lived there in the 1990s. It was around 1992.

    Agree with... je súhlasiť s..., ale spojenie: agree on ... alebo tiež agree to (do) ... znamená skôr dohodnúť sa na... (niečom). Agreed! əˈgriːd je po slovensky Platí!, Dohodnuté! či Súhlasím!

    Exercise 20

    • Doplňte podľa kontextu tvary slovesa do alebo make.

    12 Who's going to the shopping?
    6 Do you any sports?
    10 Please sure that you have enough money.
    9 Can you a reservation for me? I'll my best.
    3 She's dinner just now.
    13 We're late but we can still it in time.
    8 How much money does he ?
    4 You should your homework now.
    5 I need to a phone call.
    15 Stop fun of me!
    7 It doesn't sense. I get it.
    14 He it to her happy.
    2 What are you here? Are you waiting for someone?
    1 You are a big mistake!
    11 I only have 10 dollars. Will it ? - No, it costs 15 dollars.

    Všimnite si, ako sa anglické sloveso do spája s podstatnými menami končiacimi na -ing (často gerundiom). Vzniká tak veľa užitočných ustálených spojení ako napr. do the washing up - umyť riad, do the cleaning - upratať, Let me do the talking. - Nechaj hovoriť mňa., I did a lot of thinking. - Veľa som premýšľal. ap.

    Exercise 21

    • Povedzte po anglicky. Použite gerundium, kde je to možné.

    8 Mrzí ma, že som to povedal. be sorry for, say that
    5 Ona mi stále volá. keep, call, all the time
    7 Vieš si predstaviť, že by si tu zostal? imagine, stay
    6 Kedy to dopíšeš? finish, write
    1 Rád pozeráš televíziu? watch TV
    9 Nezmienil sa, že pôjde do Londýna. mention, go to London
    10 Chýba mi život na vidieku. miss, live in the country
    2 Radšej cestujem vlakom. prefer, travel by train
    4 Skúšaj to ďalej! keep, try
    3 Je to lepšie než sedieť doma. sit at home

    Sloveso miss možno po slovensky preložiť ako chýbať, treba ale dávať pozor na obrátenie podmetu a predmetu! Napr.: I miss you. - Chýbaš mi., He misses his friends. - Chýbajú mu jeho priatelia., I'm missing two books. - Chýbajú mi dve knihy. Pozor! Podstatné meno Miss je po slovensky slečna (pred menom ap.).

    Exercise 22

    • Vyberte správne slovo podľa výkladu.

    5 A husband and his wife are: married/widowed/single
    6 A man who is not married is: free/single/double
    8 A child with no parents is: a widow/an orphan/a sibling
    1 Your mother and father are your: siblings/parents/husbands
    7 A person with no siblings is: an only child/a widow/a learner
    9 If a woman's husband dies, she is: divorced/an orphan/a widow
    3 If children are brothers or sisters, the are siblings/relatives/married
    2 The mother of your father is your: grandfather/grandmother/daughter
    4 The son of a man's daughter is his: grandpa/grandparent/grandson
    10 If two people were married but they aren't married now, they are: husbands/widowed/divorced

    Exercise 23

    • Doplňte podľa kontextu other, another alebo else.

    6 We will find some place.
    8 I'll come time.
    4 What things do you like?
    7 Is there anything I can do for you?
    1 Why do you need car?
    2 What do people think?
    10 George is just New Yorker visiting London.
    5 Let's go somewhere .
    3 What will you need?
    9 Nobody knows that.

    Koncovka -er sa používa aj na tvorenie názvov obyvateľov istého mesta či miesta. Napr.: Londoner ˈlʌndənə (Londýnčan), New Yorker njuː jɔːkə (Newyorčan), village (dedina) - villager ˈvɪlɪdʒə (dedinčan), island (ostrov) - islander ˈaɪləndə (ostrovan) ap. Nemožno ju však takto použiť vždy! Napr. Parížan je Parisian pəˈrɪzɪən, Riman je Roman ˈrəʊmən ap.

    Exercise 24

    • Preložte.

    6 Ideš s nami?
    11 Nepotrebujem to.
    3 Chodí do práce autom.
    19 Nebudem môcť prísť.
    2 Mohli by ste mi pomôcť?
    9 Vyzerá to dobre.
    14 Nesmie o tom vedieť.
    1 Kde si včera bol?
    7 Mal by si jej zavolať.
    20 Prezreli sme si pamiatky.
    16 Strávili sme týždeň pri mori.
    8 Kto ti to povedal?
    13 John tam chodí každý deň.
    15 Prídem o pol šiestej.
    17 Museli sme čakať.
    10 Koľko to stojí?
    4 Prečo si mi to neposlal?
    18 Nemohol som to nájsť.
    5 Mal som veľa práce.
    12 Idem nakupovať.

    Slovo sightseeing je zloženinou slov sights (pamiatky, pamätihodnosti) a seeing (videnie, pozeranie), teda “prezeranie pamiatok”. Places to visit sú miesta, ktoré sa oplatí navštíviť.