Exercises

Exercise 1

    • Preložte do slovenčiny.

    10 What time does your plane land?
    18 There's no need to worry.
    5 He tries hard to be the best.
    1 What are you watching?
    8 We met several times.
    4 She knew nothing about it.
    12 She never speaks to me.
    3 Tell him not to buy it.
    16 Shall we sit down?
    7 It was nice meeting you.
    9 Is this your first time here?
    2 Take a look at this!
    13 Let's go shopping!
    19 That sounds interesting.
    11 I'll pick you up at the airport.
    6 It'll be best to take a taxi.
    15 He doesn't care about her.
    20 It feels great!
    17 I spent an hour looking for it.
    14 She keeps talking about it.

    Feel je cítiť alebo cítiť sa, ale možno ho použiť aj keď opisujeme, aký pocit niečo vyvoláva. Napr. It feels good. - Je to dobrý pocit., It feels cold. - Chladí to.

    Exercise 2

    • Odpovedzte celou vetou kladne a potom záporne.

    2 Does he know?
    8 Should I tell her?
    9 Could he do it for us?
    7 Do they agree?
    4 Have you got any money?
    5 Is she coming too?
    3 Can they help us?
    1 Are you hungry?
    10 Am I right?
    6 Will you be there?

    Right znamená správny či správne. Možno ho ale tiež použiť v uisťovacích otázkach. Napr. Is that right? - Je to tak? či iba Right? - Že (áno)?

    Exercise 3

    • Tvorte otázky. Pýtajte sa na zvýraznené slová.

    12 It's going to take a week.
    6 Only ten people came there.
    9 He goes there twice a week.
    3 They're going to arrange it.
    5 It costs twenty dollars.
    8 She's afraid of flying.
    2 Frank is coming too.
    7 Bob broke his leg last week.
    11 He's got no children.
    10 We got there at seven.
    4 We'll meet on Wednesday.
    1 I'm watching the news.

    Exercise 4

    • Napíšte po anglicky celými slovami číselné údaje.

    8 9,756,004
    5 4.6,000,000
    10 in the 1980s
    3 246 people
    9 in the year 2015
    12 phone number 670098883
    7 35,785
    11 bus number 102
    1 on May 1st and 26th
    4 3,500
    2 He was 52nd.
    6 0.05 seconds
    13 Charles II and Henry VIII

    V písanej angličtine (hl. v novinách ap.) môžete často v kontexte súm a hodnôt naraziť na skratky K či k pre tisíce (z anglického kilo) a M či m pre milióny million. Napr. They spent $2.5M - “Utratili 2,5 milióna dolárov.”, It cost $15k. - “Stálo to 15 tisíc dolárov.” Podobne sa používa aj skratka B či bn pre miliardy (billion).

    Exercise 5

    • Odpovedzte celou vetou podľa pomôcok.

    13 When did you see him? last week
    8 Did he cause any problems? no problems
    4 What are we going to do? ask them for help
    1 How often does he exercise? 3x a week
    6 When is she coming back? on Friday
    5 How much did it cost? 2000 dollars
    11 Were there any problems? lots of
    9 What did you drink? only tea
    7 What did they want? more money
    10 Did you have a good time? great time
    12 What did she tell you? nothing
    2 How many dogs does she have? 2 dogs
    14 Did you travel by bus? no, hire a car
    3 When did she come back? at 2 a.m.

    Sloveso hire možno v britskej angličtine použiť aj na človeka a vec. V americkej angličtine sa ale hire užíva len na pracovníkov. Na prenájom vecí (požičiavanie za peniaze) sa v USA užíva rent. Napr.: We rented a car. - Požičali sme si auto. ap.

    Exercise 6

    • Tvorte vety opačného významu.

    4 You should eat less meat.
    10 We'll be able to come.
    8 There were more people.
    2 She should tell them.
    5 She doesn't like travelling.
    1 He speaks English.
    3 I'm going to tell him.
    6 There's too much water.
    9 They could help us.
    7 She's got a lot of friends.

    Exercise 7

    • Tvorte oznamovacie vety v prítomnom, budúcom a jednoduchom minulom čase.

    8 our dog, not eat that
    2 my parents, know
    3 she, send us, messages
    9 he, not like the food
    1 he, speak about it
    4 we, meet, on the bus
    10 the car, be, not expensive
    5 I, give him, the money
    6 she, sit between us
    7 we, spend weekends abroad

    Exercise 8

    • Povedzte po anglicky. Využite pomôcky.

    8 Nehádajme sa!
    let, argue
    5 Nehovor mu o tom!
    tell
    3 Nech mi zavolá! (on)
    let, call
    7 To bude omnoho lepšie.
    better
    6 Požiadaj ju, nech príde.
    ask, come
    2 Poďme ku mne (domov)!
    my place
    1 To znie dobre!
    sound
    10 To je ale škoda!
    pity
    4 Vyzerá to zaujímavo.
    look
    9 Pekne to vonia.
    smell

    Exercise 9

    • Upravte vety do času jednoduchého prítomného a jednoduchého minulého.

    7 She's sleeping late.
    1 She's feeling good.
    8 I'm writing some e-mails.
    3 It's snowing.
    10 I'm drinking beer.
    2 Bob is trying hard.
    5 School is beginning.
    9 He's bringing her flowers.
    4 She's making dinner.
    6 He's coming.

    Exercise 10

    • Doplňte 2. alebo 3. stupeň prídavných mien.

    6 It's such a bad film! I think it's the film of all.
    3 He may be fast, but he isn't the in the world.
    5 My idea was bad but his idea is even .
    9 He tried so hard. He really did his .
    10 You didn't try enough. You must try next time.
    11 He's good at tennis, but I am much .
    2 My dog is big, but his dog is even .
    7 Jane is so beautiful. She's the girl that I know.
    4 That house is expensive, but this house is much .
    12 There were only 9 people last time, but today there are even .
    8 It's very dangerous. You should be careful.
    1 He's tall but he isn't the boy in the family.

    Pozor na predložku: be good at ... - byť dobrý v... Napr.: He's good at it. - Ide mu to., Je v tom dobrý., I'm really bad at that. - To mi vôbec nejde. Slovo even sa používa na zdôraznenie ako slovenské ešte alebo dokonca či v zápore ani. Napr. He didn't even say goodbye. - Ani sa nerozlúčil. ap.

    Exercise 11

    • Použite gerundium na vytvorenie vety s rovnakým významom.

    5 We love it when we go out.
    7 It should be easy to repair.
    1 He likes to play games.
    8 It will be hard to solve.
    2 They love to sing.
    4 He continued to read.
    12 I can remember that he told her.
    3 Music started to play.
    6 He hates it when he gets up early.
    11 She works hard and she enjoys it.
    10 I hate it when people lie to me.
    9 I dislike it when I have to wait.

    Exercise 12

    • Preložte. Sústreďte sa na predložky.

    8 He lives in the flat above me.
    3 It's just around the corner.
    9 He sits in front of the TV.
    1 She left for work an hour ago.
    11 You can't take it on the plane.
    10 I'm ready for anything.
    6 I'll wait outside the shop.
    12 Go down this road.
    14 Someone's knocking at the door.
    4 people aged between 30 and 50
    7 What else do you like besides watching TV?
    13 We are open from 8 a.m. to 6 p.m.
    5 The worst is behind us.
    2 You are among friends.

    Zaklopať na niečo je síce po anglicky to knock on, napr. He knocked on the door., ale pokiaľ niekto stojí pri dverách a klope, použije sa bežne aj at the door. Fráza to answer the door potom znamená: (ísť) otvoriť (niekomu, kto klope, zvoní).

    Exercise 13

    • Vyberte správnu predložku.

    1 We'll meet at half to/after/past seven in/at/to my place.
    10 We were at/in/on the seaside not on/in/at the mountains.
    5 She asked me to/at/for it and I gave it for/to/at her.
    3 It's freezing outside. The temperature is under/below/behind zero.
    2 It's (a) quarter to/at/from six.
    6 We often meet at/on/inside the bus or in/on/at the bus stop.
    4 There are lots of people at/in/about the streets.
    7 She's afraid to/of/about flying.
    13 Meet me on/to/at the airport in/at/on eight o'clock.
    8 Walk over/through/by the bridge and then turn left.
    11 What are you doing in/at/on Friday?
    12 I'll make a reservation in/at/to the Marriott Hotel.
    9 My birthday is at/on/in 3rd March.

    Príkaz: Meet me ... možno preložiť ako Stretneme sa... (tam a tam).

    Užitočná fráza: without somebody's knowing - bez niečieho vedomia. Napr.: He did it without my knowing. - Urobil to bez môjho vedomia.

    Exercise 15

    • Spojte súvisiace výroky.

    • 1 Why did Jane leave?
    • 2 Can we go now?
    • 3 Did you tell anybody?
    • 4 Did you speak to Bob?
    • 5 Where did you meet?
    • 6 How often do you go there?
    • 7 Will you come to the party?
    • 8 Did you go on holiday?
    • 9 Does he have any siblings?
    • 10 How much did it cost?
    • a No, I told nobody.
    • e No, I won't be able to.
    • d Yes, we went on a road trip.
    • h It wasn't very expensive.
    • g Yes, I spoke to him last week.
    • f No, we'll have to wait.
    • j No, he's an only child.
    • i Usually twice a week.
    • c She had to go to work.
    • b We met on the bus.

    Road trip rəʊdtrɪp je dlhšia cesta pre zábavu podniknutá hl. autom. Napr.: We went on a road trip around the US. - Obišli sme autom USA.

    Exercise 16

    • Vyberte správne slovo.

    16 It'll be many/much better.
    12 I speak very little/few English.
    13 He made much/many mistakes.
    5 There wasn't very/much time.
    6 That's too much/many money.
    8 I have only little/a few friends.
    3 There will be many/much people.
    14 There was few/little rain last year.
    9 It should take only little/few time.
    7 There were less/fewer people.
    17 He should get other/another chance.
    4 I tried it many/much times.
    2 He doesn't eat many/much meat.
    10 How many/much water do you drink every day?
    19 How many/much beers did you have?
    11 There are little/few cars in the streets.
    15 He causes too many/much trouble.
    18 Are there any other/another ideas?
    1 How many/much will it cost?

    Látkové podstatné mená ako tea, coffee, beer ap., sú síce všeobecne nepočítateľné, ale ak hovoríme o konkrétnych porciách, druhoch ap., ide už o slovo počítateľné. Takže napr.: You drink too much coffee., ale I had too many coffees., podobne I drank too much beer., ale How many beers did you have? ap.

    Exercise 17

    • Preložte pomocou účelového neurčitku.

    2 Povedz jej, nech počká. tell, wait
    7 Povedz im, aby na nás nečakali. tell, wait
    12 Beriem si taxík, aby som neprišiel neskoro. take, taxi, be late
    9 Učím sa po anglicky, aby som rozumel cudzincom. learn, understand, foreigner
    3 Volám, aby som ti povedal... call, tell
    10 Musíme sa poponáhľať, aby sme tam boli včas. hurry, in time
    6 Potrebujem, aby si mi pomohol. need you, help
    5 Som tu, aby som sa s ňou porozprával. speak to
    13 Žiadala ma, aby som jej dal ďalšiu šancu. ask, give, chance
    1 Požiadaj ho, aby mi to poslal. ask, send
    11 Zavolám bratovi, aby ma odviezol na letisko. call, take, to the airport
    4 Aby si mal peniaze, musíš pracovať. work, have money
    8 Chcem, aby si to urobil hneď. want you, do, right now

    By chance znamená náhodou. They met by chance. - Stretli sa náhodou.

    Exercise 18

    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    1 If you eat too much, you will be smart/fat/rich.
    5 How can he know that if somebody/nobody/everybody told him?
    4 If it is hot/cold/late, I will wear a coat.
    10 If you're tired, you should have a look/rest/pity.
    3 If he's so smart, why isn't he tall/rich/broken?
    12 If it's expensive/broken/lost, someone should repair it.
    13 Don't open the door unless you feel/know/smell the person behind it.
    6 She'll like you more if you leave/quit/let smoking.
    9 If you drink 5 beers, you'll be tall/drunk/broken.
    7 If you don't know what to do, ask everybody/somebody/nobody.
    11 If you don't have a phone, you can use my/me/mine.
    2 If you aren't sure, you had/should/shall ask somebody.
    8 It's early. If you call him now, you'll spend/wake/keep him.

    Nezamieňajte anglické feel (cítiť - dotykom, mať pocit) a smell (cítiť čuchom)! Napr.: Can you smell it? - “Cítiš to?”. Sloveso smell of ... je v angličtine všeobecne neutrálne (znamená byť cítiť čím) napr. It smells of petrol. - “Je to cítiť benzínom.”, smell good/nice je voňať a smell bad je páchnuť, smrdieť. V niektorých prípadoch však má už samotné smell negatívny kontext. Napr.: Your feet smell! - “Smrdia ti nohy!”, His breath smells. - “Páchne mu z úst.” ap.

    Exercise 19

    • Doplňte slova: soon, early, late, later, in time

    3 I'm leaving home now. I'll be there .
    9 Please let me know as as possible!
    10 We agreed to meet at 6 and it's 6:20. You are again!
    7 He went to bed late. Don't wake him too .
    8 She lived there in the 1990s. It was around 1992.
    2 Last time he was late and today he's . He's never on time.
    5 He'll call me in an hour, so we should know .
    1 He just left for a minute. He should be back .
    4 I have no time now. I'll look at it .
    6 I hate people being late, so be there .

    Agree with... je súhlasiť s..., ale spojenie: agree on ... alebo tiež agree to (do) ... znamená skôr dohodnúť sa na... (niečom). Agreed! əˈgriːd je po slovensky Platí!, Dohodnuté! či Súhlasím!

    Exercise 20

    • Doplňte podľa kontextu tvary slovesa do alebo make.

    15 Stop fun of me!
    9 Can you a reservation for me? I'll my best.
    10 Please sure that you have enough money.
    13 We're late but we can still it in time.
    7 It doesn't sense. I get it.
    1 You are a big mistake!
    8 How much money does he ?
    6 Do you any sports?
    4 You should your homework now.
    11 I only have 10 dollars. Will it ? - No, it costs 15 dollars.
    12 Who's going to the shopping?
    5 I need to a phone call.
    3 She's dinner just now.
    14 He it to her happy.
    2 What are you here? Are you waiting for someone?

    Všimnite si, ako sa anglické sloveso do spája s podstatnými menami končiacimi na -ing (často gerundiom). Vzniká tak veľa užitočných ustálených spojení ako napr. do the washing up - umyť riad, do the cleaning - upratať, Let me do the talking. - Nechaj hovoriť mňa., I did a lot of thinking. - Veľa som premýšľal. ap.

    Exercise 21

    • Povedzte po anglicky. Použite gerundium, kde je to možné.

    5 Ona mi stále volá. keep, call, all the time
    10 Chýba mi život na vidieku. miss, live in the country
    2 Radšej cestujem vlakom. prefer, travel by train
    3 Je to lepšie než sedieť doma. sit at home
    7 Vieš si predstaviť, že by si tu zostal? imagine, stay
    8 Mrzí ma, že som to povedal. be sorry for, say that
    1 Rád pozeráš televíziu? watch TV
    4 Skúšaj to ďalej! keep, try
    9 Nezmienil sa, že pôjde do Londýna. mention, go to London
    6 Kedy to dopíšeš? finish, write

    Sloveso miss možno po slovensky preložiť ako chýbať, treba ale dávať pozor na obrátenie podmetu a predmetu! Napr.: I miss you. - Chýbaš mi., He misses his friends. - Chýbajú mu jeho priatelia., I'm missing two books. - Chýbajú mi dve knihy. Pozor! Podstatné meno Miss je po slovensky slečna (pred menom ap.).

    Exercise 22

    • Vyberte správne slovo podľa výkladu.

    10 If two people were married but they aren't married now, they are: husbands/widowed/divorced
    6 A man who is not married is: free/single/double
    4 The son of a man's daughter is his: grandpa/grandparent/grandson
    2 The mother of your father is your: grandfather/grandmother/daughter
    7 A person with no siblings is: an only child/a widow/a learner
    9 If a woman's husband dies, she is: divorced/an orphan/a widow
    1 Your mother and father are your: siblings/parents/husbands
    8 A child with no parents is: a widow/an orphan/a sibling
    5 A husband and his wife are: married/widowed/single
    3 If children are brothers or sisters, the are siblings/relatives/married

    Exercise 23

    • Doplňte podľa kontextu other, another alebo else.

    1 Why do you need car?
    4 What things do you like?
    10 George is just New Yorker visiting London.
    8 I'll come time.
    9 Nobody knows that.
    3 What will you need?
    6 We will find some place.
    7 Is there anything I can do for you?
    2 What do people think?
    5 Let's go somewhere .

    Koncovka -er sa používa aj na tvorenie názvov obyvateľov istého mesta či miesta. Napr.: Londoner ˈlʌndənə (Londýnčan), New Yorker njuː jɔːkə (Newyorčan), village (dedina) - villager ˈvɪlɪdʒə (dedinčan), island (ostrov) - islander ˈaɪləndə (ostrovan) ap. Nemožno ju však takto použiť vždy! Napr. Parížan je Parisian pəˈrɪzɪən, Riman je Roman ˈrəʊmən ap.

    Exercise 24

    • Preložte.

    11 Nepotrebujem to.
    10 Koľko to stojí?
    9 Vyzerá to dobre.
    4 Prečo si mi to neposlal?
    1 Kde si včera bol?
    8 Kto ti to povedal?
    2 Mohli by ste mi pomôcť?
    5 Mal som veľa práce.
    20 Prezreli sme si pamiatky.
    14 Nesmie o tom vedieť.
    13 John tam chodí každý deň.
    17 Museli sme čakať.
    16 Strávili sme týždeň pri mori.
    3 Chodí do práce autom.
    7 Mal by si jej zavolať.
    6 Ideš s nami?
    15 Prídem o pol šiestej.
    19 Nebudem môcť prísť.
    18 Nemohol som to nájsť.
    12 Idem nakupovať.

    Slovo sightseeing je zloženinou slov sights (pamiatky, pamätihodnosti) a seeing (videnie, pozeranie), teda “prezeranie pamiatok”. Places to visit sú miesta, ktoré sa oplatí navštíviť.