Exercises

Exercise 1

    • Preložte do slovenčiny.

    7 It was nice meeting you.
    1 What are you watching?
    16 Shall we sit down?
    4 She knew nothing about it.
    19 That sounds interesting.
    12 She never speaks to me.
    9 Is this your first time here?
    10 What time does your plane land?
    13 Let's go shopping!
    20 It feels great!
    2 Take a look at this!
    6 It'll be best to take a taxi.
    15 He doesn't care about her.
    18 There's no need to worry.
    3 Tell him not to buy it.
    11 I'll pick you up at the airport.
    8 We met several times.
    5 He tries hard to be the best.
    17 I spent an hour looking for it.
    14 She keeps talking about it.

    Feel je cítiť alebo cítiť sa, ale možno ho použiť aj keď opisujeme, aký pocit niečo vyvoláva. Napr. It feels good. - Je to dobrý pocit., It feels cold. - Chladí to.

    Exercise 2

    • Odpovedzte celou vetou kladne a potom záporne.

    1 Are you hungry?
    5 Is she coming too?
    6 Will you be there?
    7 Do they agree?
    2 Does he know?
    10 Am I right?
    8 Should I tell her?
    9 Could he do it for us?
    4 Have you got any money?
    3 Can they help us?

    Right znamená správny či správne. Možno ho ale tiež použiť v uisťovacích otázkach. Napr. Is that right? - Je to tak? či iba Right? - Že (áno)?

    Exercise 3

    • Tvorte otázky. Pýtajte sa na zvýraznené slová.

    6 Only ten people came there.
    1 I'm watching the news.
    10 We got there at seven.
    11 He's got no children.
    2 Frank is coming too.
    3 They're going to arrange it.
    8 She's afraid of flying.
    12 It's going to take a week.
    9 He goes there twice a week.
    7 Bob broke his leg last week.
    5 It costs twenty dollars.
    4 We'll meet on Wednesday.

    Exercise 4

    • Napíšte po anglicky celými slovami číselné údaje.

    3 246 people
    12 phone number 670098883
    10 in the 1980s
    6 0.05 seconds
    7 35,785
    4 3,500
    8 9,756,004
    13 Charles II and Henry VIII
    5 4.6,000,000
    1 on May 1st and 26th
    11 bus number 102
    2 He was 52nd.
    9 in the year 2015

    V písanej angličtine (hl. v novinách ap.) môžete často v kontexte súm a hodnôt naraziť na skratky K či k pre tisíce (z anglického kilo) a M či m pre milióny million. Napr. They spent $2.5M - “Utratili 2,5 milióna dolárov.”, It cost $15k. - “Stálo to 15 tisíc dolárov.” Podobne sa používa aj skratka B či bn pre miliardy (billion).

    Exercise 5

    • Odpovedzte celou vetou podľa pomôcok.

    11 Were there any problems? lots of
    4 What are we going to do? ask them for help
    14 Did you travel by bus? no, hire a car
    6 When is she coming back? on Friday
    5 How much did it cost? 2000 dollars
    12 What did she tell you? nothing
    7 What did they want? more money
    13 When did you see him? last week
    2 How many dogs does she have? 2 dogs
    10 Did you have a good time? great time
    3 When did she come back? at 2 a.m.
    1 How often does he exercise? 3x a week
    9 What did you drink? only tea
    8 Did he cause any problems? no problems

    Sloveso hire možno v britskej angličtine použiť aj na človeka a vec. V americkej angličtine sa ale hire užíva len na pracovníkov. Na prenájom vecí (požičiavanie za peniaze) sa v USA užíva rent. Napr.: We rented a car. - Požičali sme si auto. ap.

    Exercise 6

    • Tvorte vety opačného významu.

    8 There were more people.
    1 He speaks English.
    2 She should tell them.
    3 I'm going to tell him.
    7 She's got a lot of friends.
    9 They could help us.
    5 She doesn't like travelling.
    10 We'll be able to come.
    6 There's too much water.
    4 You should eat less meat.

    Exercise 7

    • Tvorte oznamovacie vety v prítomnom, budúcom a jednoduchom minulom čase.

    7 we, spend weekends abroad
    5 I, give him, the money
    3 she, send us, messages
    2 my parents, know
    6 she, sit between us
    8 our dog, not eat that
    4 we, meet, on the bus
    10 the car, be, not expensive
    1 he, speak about it
    9 he, not like the food

    Exercise 8

    • Povedzte po anglicky. Využite pomôcky.

    1 To znie dobre!
    sound
    8 Nehádajme sa!
    let, argue
    7 To bude omnoho lepšie.
    better
    9 Pekne to vonia.
    smell
    6 Požiadaj ju, nech príde.
    ask, come
    3 Nech mi zavolá! (on)
    let, call
    5 Nehovor mu o tom!
    tell
    2 Poďme ku mne (domov)!
    my place
    4 Vyzerá to zaujímavo.
    look
    10 To je ale škoda!
    pity

    Exercise 9

    • Upravte vety do času jednoduchého prítomného a jednoduchého minulého.

    9 He's bringing her flowers.
    7 She's sleeping late.
    6 He's coming.
    8 I'm writing some e-mails.
    1 She's feeling good.
    10 I'm drinking beer.
    3 It's snowing.
    5 School is beginning.
    4 She's making dinner.
    2 Bob is trying hard.

    Exercise 10

    • Doplňte 2. alebo 3. stupeň prídavných mien.

    8 It's very dangerous. You should be careful.
    11 He's good at tennis, but I am much .
    6 It's such a bad film! I think it's the film of all.
    4 That house is expensive, but this house is much .
    12 There were only 9 people last time, but today there are even .
    7 Jane is so beautiful. She's the girl that I know.
    9 He tried so hard. He really did his .
    10 You didn't try enough. You must try next time.
    2 My dog is big, but his dog is even .
    1 He's tall but he isn't the boy in the family.
    5 My idea was bad but his idea is even .
    3 He may be fast, but he isn't the in the world.

    Pozor na predložku: be good at ... - byť dobrý v... Napr.: He's good at it. - Ide mu to., Je v tom dobrý., I'm really bad at that. - To mi vôbec nejde. Slovo even sa používa na zdôraznenie ako slovenské ešte alebo dokonca či v zápore ani. Napr. He didn't even say goodbye. - Ani sa nerozlúčil. ap.

    Exercise 11

    • Použite gerundium na vytvorenie vety s rovnakým významom.

    8 It will be hard to solve.
    1 He likes to play games.
    3 Music started to play.
    7 It should be easy to repair.
    6 He hates it when he gets up early.
    10 I hate it when people lie to me.
    11 She works hard and she enjoys it.
    4 He continued to read.
    5 We love it when we go out.
    2 They love to sing.
    9 I dislike it when I have to wait.
    12 I can remember that he told her.

    Exercise 12

    • Preložte. Sústreďte sa na predložky.

    12 Go down this road.
    3 It's just around the corner.
    11 You can't take it on the plane.
    6 I'll wait outside the shop.
    8 He lives in the flat above me.
    14 Someone's knocking at the door.
    4 people aged between 30 and 50
    10 I'm ready for anything.
    5 The worst is behind us.
    13 We are open from 8 a.m. to 6 p.m.
    7 What else do you like besides watching TV?
    9 He sits in front of the TV.
    1 She left for work an hour ago.
    2 You are among friends.

    Zaklopať na niečo je síce po anglicky to knock on, napr. He knocked on the door., ale pokiaľ niekto stojí pri dverách a klope, použije sa bežne aj at the door. Fráza to answer the door potom znamená: (ísť) otvoriť (niekomu, kto klope, zvoní).

    Exercise 13

    • Vyberte správnu predložku.

    8 Walk over/through/by the bridge and then turn left.
    6 We often meet at/on/inside the bus or in/on/at the bus stop.
    3 It's freezing outside. The temperature is under/below/behind zero.
    13 Meet me on/to/at the airport in/at/on eight o'clock.
    11 What are you doing in/at/on Friday?
    1 We'll meet at half to/after/past seven in/at/to my place.
    12 I'll make a reservation in/at/to the Marriott Hotel.
    5 She asked me to/at/for it and I gave it for/to/at her.
    9 My birthday is at/on/in 3rd March.
    2 It's (a) quarter to/at/from six.
    4 There are lots of people at/in/about the streets.
    10 We were at/in/on the seaside not on/in/at the mountains.
    7 She's afraid to/of/about flying.

    Príkaz: Meet me ... možno preložiť ako Stretneme sa... (tam a tam).

    Užitočná fráza: without somebody's knowing - bez niečieho vedomia. Napr.: He did it without my knowing. - Urobil to bez môjho vedomia.

    Exercise 15

    • Spojte súvisiace výroky.

    • 1 Why did Jane leave?
    • 2 Can we go now?
    • 3 Did you tell anybody?
    • 4 Did you speak to Bob?
    • 5 Where did you meet?
    • 6 How often do you go there?
    • 7 Will you come to the party?
    • 8 Did you go on holiday?
    • 9 Does he have any siblings?
    • 10 How much did it cost?
    • e No, I won't be able to.
    • d Yes, we went on a road trip.
    • a No, I told nobody.
    • g Yes, I spoke to him last week.
    • h It wasn't very expensive.
    • j No, he's an only child.
    • i Usually twice a week.
    • b We met on the bus.
    • c She had to go to work.
    • f No, we'll have to wait.

    Road trip rəʊdtrɪp je dlhšia cesta pre zábavu podniknutá hl. autom. Napr.: We went on a road trip around the US. - Obišli sme autom USA.

    Exercise 16

    • Vyberte správne slovo.

    11 There are little/few cars in the streets.
    18 Are there any other/another ideas?
    4 I tried it many/much times.
    5 There wasn't very/much time.
    12 I speak very little/few English.
    15 He causes too many/much trouble.
    13 He made much/many mistakes.
    19 How many/much beers did you have?
    1 How many/much will it cost?
    16 It'll be many/much better.
    17 He should get other/another chance.
    2 He doesn't eat many/much meat.
    7 There were less/fewer people.
    3 There will be many/much people.
    10 How many/much water do you drink every day?
    14 There was few/little rain last year.
    9 It should take only little/few time.
    6 That's too much/many money.
    8 I have only little/a few friends.

    Látkové podstatné mená ako tea, coffee, beer ap., sú síce všeobecne nepočítateľné, ale ak hovoríme o konkrétnych porciách, druhoch ap., ide už o slovo počítateľné. Takže napr.: You drink too much coffee., ale I had too many coffees., podobne I drank too much beer., ale How many beers did you have? ap.

    Exercise 17

    • Preložte pomocou účelového neurčitku.

    5 Som tu, aby som sa s ňou porozprával. speak to
    9 Učím sa po anglicky, aby som rozumel cudzincom. learn, understand, foreigner
    2 Povedz jej, nech počká. tell, wait
    1 Požiadaj ho, aby mi to poslal. ask, send
    10 Musíme sa poponáhľať, aby sme tam boli včas. hurry, in time
    7 Povedz im, aby na nás nečakali. tell, wait
    12 Beriem si taxík, aby som neprišiel neskoro. take, taxi, be late
    8 Chcem, aby si to urobil hneď. want you, do, right now
    4 Aby si mal peniaze, musíš pracovať. work, have money
    11 Zavolám bratovi, aby ma odviezol na letisko. call, take, to the airport
    13 Žiadala ma, aby som jej dal ďalšiu šancu. ask, give, chance
    3 Volám, aby som ti povedal... call, tell
    6 Potrebujem, aby si mi pomohol. need you, help

    By chance znamená náhodou. They met by chance. - Stretli sa náhodou.

    Exercise 18

    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    10 If you're tired, you should have a look/rest/pity.
    12 If it's expensive/broken/lost, someone should repair it.
    4 If it is hot/cold/late, I will wear a coat.
    7 If you don't know what to do, ask everybody/somebody/nobody.
    5 How can he know that if somebody/nobody/everybody told him?
    1 If you eat too much, you will be smart/fat/rich.
    11 If you don't have a phone, you can use my/me/mine.
    13 Don't open the door unless you feel/know/smell the person behind it.
    9 If you drink 5 beers, you'll be tall/drunk/broken.
    3 If he's so smart, why isn't he tall/rich/broken?
    2 If you aren't sure, you had/should/shall ask somebody.
    6 She'll like you more if you leave/quit/let smoking.
    8 It's early. If you call him now, you'll spend/wake/keep him.

    Nezamieňajte anglické feel (cítiť - dotykom, mať pocit) a smell (cítiť čuchom)! Napr.: Can you smell it? - “Cítiš to?”. Sloveso smell of ... je v angličtine všeobecne neutrálne (znamená byť cítiť čím) napr. It smells of petrol. - “Je to cítiť benzínom.”, smell good/nice je voňať a smell bad je páchnuť, smrdieť. V niektorých prípadoch však má už samotné smell negatívny kontext. Napr.: Your feet smell! - “Smrdia ti nohy!”, His breath smells. - “Páchne mu z úst.” ap.

    Exercise 19

    • Doplňte slova: soon, early, late, later, in time

    3 I'm leaving home now. I'll be there .
    10 We agreed to meet at 6 and it's 6:20. You are again!
    5 He'll call me in an hour, so we should know .
    1 He just left for a minute. He should be back .
    4 I have no time now. I'll look at it .
    8 She lived there in the 1990s. It was around 1992.
    6 I hate people being late, so be there .
    9 Please let me know as as possible!
    7 He went to bed late. Don't wake him too .
    2 Last time he was late and today he's . He's never on time.

    Agree with... je súhlasiť s..., ale spojenie: agree on ... alebo tiež agree to (do) ... znamená skôr dohodnúť sa na... (niečom). Agreed! əˈgriːd je po slovensky Platí!, Dohodnuté! či Súhlasím!

    Exercise 20

    • Doplňte podľa kontextu tvary slovesa do alebo make.

    5 I need to a phone call.
    15 Stop fun of me!
    9 Can you a reservation for me? I'll my best.
    3 She's dinner just now.
    1 You are a big mistake!
    6 Do you any sports?
    11 I only have 10 dollars. Will it ? - No, it costs 15 dollars.
    8 How much money does he ?
    14 He it to her happy.
    4 You should your homework now.
    13 We're late but we can still it in time.
    2 What are you here? Are you waiting for someone?
    7 It doesn't sense. I get it.
    12 Who's going to the shopping?
    10 Please sure that you have enough money.

    Všimnite si, ako sa anglické sloveso do spája s podstatnými menami končiacimi na -ing (často gerundiom). Vzniká tak veľa užitočných ustálených spojení ako napr. do the washing up - umyť riad, do the cleaning - upratať, Let me do the talking. - Nechaj hovoriť mňa., I did a lot of thinking. - Veľa som premýšľal. ap.

    Exercise 21

    • Povedzte po anglicky. Použite gerundium, kde je to možné.

    10 Chýba mi život na vidieku. miss, live in the country
    6 Kedy to dopíšeš? finish, write
    7 Vieš si predstaviť, že by si tu zostal? imagine, stay
    9 Nezmienil sa, že pôjde do Londýna. mention, go to London
    1 Rád pozeráš televíziu? watch TV
    5 Ona mi stále volá. keep, call, all the time
    8 Mrzí ma, že som to povedal. be sorry for, say that
    4 Skúšaj to ďalej! keep, try
    3 Je to lepšie než sedieť doma. sit at home
    2 Radšej cestujem vlakom. prefer, travel by train

    Sloveso miss možno po slovensky preložiť ako chýbať, treba ale dávať pozor na obrátenie podmetu a predmetu! Napr.: I miss you. - Chýbaš mi., He misses his friends. - Chýbajú mu jeho priatelia., I'm missing two books. - Chýbajú mi dve knihy. Pozor! Podstatné meno Miss je po slovensky slečna (pred menom ap.).

    Exercise 22

    • Vyberte správne slovo podľa výkladu.

    10 If two people were married but they aren't married now, they are: husbands/widowed/divorced
    8 A child with no parents is: a widow/an orphan/a sibling
    9 If a woman's husband dies, she is: divorced/an orphan/a widow
    7 A person with no siblings is: an only child/a widow/a learner
    4 The son of a man's daughter is his: grandpa/grandparent/grandson
    5 A husband and his wife are: married/widowed/single
    3 If children are brothers or sisters, the are siblings/relatives/married
    1 Your mother and father are your: siblings/parents/husbands
    2 The mother of your father is your: grandfather/grandmother/daughter
    6 A man who is not married is: free/single/double

    Exercise 23

    • Doplňte podľa kontextu other, another alebo else.

    10 George is just New Yorker visiting London.
    7 Is there anything I can do for you?
    2 What do people think?
    9 Nobody knows that.
    6 We will find some place.
    3 What will you need?
    1 Why do you need car?
    5 Let's go somewhere .
    8 I'll come time.
    4 What things do you like?

    Koncovka -er sa používa aj na tvorenie názvov obyvateľov istého mesta či miesta. Napr.: Londoner ˈlʌndənə (Londýnčan), New Yorker njuː jɔːkə (Newyorčan), village (dedina) - villager ˈvɪlɪdʒə (dedinčan), island (ostrov) - islander ˈaɪləndə (ostrovan) ap. Nemožno ju však takto použiť vždy! Napr. Parížan je Parisian pəˈrɪzɪən, Riman je Roman ˈrəʊmən ap.

    Exercise 24

    • Preložte.

    9 Vyzerá to dobre.
    20 Prezreli sme si pamiatky.
    15 Prídem o pol šiestej.
    5 Mal som veľa práce.
    17 Museli sme čakať.
    19 Nebudem môcť prísť.
    7 Mal by si jej zavolať.
    8 Kto ti to povedal?
    2 Mohli by ste mi pomôcť?
    12 Idem nakupovať.
    16 Strávili sme týždeň pri mori.
    3 Chodí do práce autom.
    13 John tam chodí každý deň.
    10 Koľko to stojí?
    6 Ideš s nami?
    4 Prečo si mi to neposlal?
    14 Nesmie o tom vedieť.
    18 Nemohol som to nájsť.
    1 Kde si včera bol?
    11 Nepotrebujem to.

    Slovo sightseeing je zloženinou slov sights (pamiatky, pamätihodnosti) a seeing (videnie, pozeranie), teda “prezeranie pamiatok”. Places to visit sú miesta, ktoré sa oplatí navštíviť.