Exercises

Exercise 1

    • Preložte do slovenčiny.

    12 She never speaks to me.
    2 Take a look at this!
    6 It'll be best to take a taxi.
    5 He tries hard to be the best.
    7 It was nice meeting you.
    11 I'll pick you up at the airport.
    15 He doesn't care about her.
    8 We met several times.
    13 Let's go shopping!
    1 What are you watching?
    20 It feels great!
    14 She keeps talking about it.
    4 She knew nothing about it.
    9 Is this your first time here?
    19 That sounds interesting.
    16 Shall we sit down?
    10 What time does your plane land?
    18 There's no need to worry.
    17 I spent an hour looking for it.
    3 Tell him not to buy it.

    Feel je cítiť alebo cítiť sa, ale možno ho použiť aj keď opisujeme, aký pocit niečo vyvoláva. Napr. It feels good. - Je to dobrý pocit., It feels cold. - Chladí to.

    Exercise 2

    • Odpovedzte celou vetou kladne a potom záporne.

    9 Could he do it for us?
    7 Do they agree?
    2 Does he know?
    4 Have you got any money?
    10 Am I right?
    6 Will you be there?
    8 Should I tell her?
    1 Are you hungry?
    3 Can they help us?
    5 Is she coming too?

    Right znamená správny či správne. Možno ho ale tiež použiť v uisťovacích otázkach. Napr. Is that right? - Je to tak? či iba Right? - Že (áno)?

    Exercise 3

    • Tvorte otázky. Pýtajte sa na zvýraznené slová.

    10 We got there at seven.
    3 They're going to arrange it.
    7 Bob broke his leg last week.
    9 He goes there twice a week.
    5 It costs twenty dollars.
    2 Frank is coming too.
    11 He's got no children.
    4 We'll meet on Wednesday.
    12 It's going to take a week.
    8 She's afraid of flying.
    1 I'm watching the news.
    6 Only ten people came there.

    Exercise 4

    • Napíšte po anglicky celými slovami číselné údaje.

    5 4.6,000,000
    6 0.05 seconds
    11 bus number 102
    9 in the year 2015
    3 246 people
    4 3,500
    1 on May 1st and 26th
    10 in the 1980s
    2 He was 52nd.
    13 Charles II and Henry VIII
    12 phone number 670098883
    7 35,785
    8 9,756,004

    V písanej angličtine (hl. v novinách ap.) môžete často v kontexte súm a hodnôt naraziť na skratky K či k pre tisíce (z anglického kilo) a M či m pre milióny million. Napr. They spent $2.5M - “Utratili 2,5 milióna dolárov.”, It cost $15k. - “Stálo to 15 tisíc dolárov.” Podobne sa používa aj skratka B či bn pre miliardy (billion).

    Exercise 5

    • Odpovedzte celou vetou podľa pomôcok.

    1 How often does he exercise? 3x a week
    6 When is she coming back? on Friday
    11 Were there any problems? lots of
    10 Did you have a good time? great time
    13 When did you see him? last week
    14 Did you travel by bus? no, hire a car
    8 Did he cause any problems? no problems
    2 How many dogs does she have? 2 dogs
    5 How much did it cost? 2000 dollars
    7 What did they want? more money
    12 What did she tell you? nothing
    3 When did she come back? at 2 a.m.
    9 What did you drink? only tea
    4 What are we going to do? ask them for help

    Sloveso hire možno v britskej angličtine použiť aj na človeka a vec. V americkej angličtine sa ale hire užíva len na pracovníkov. Na prenájom vecí (požičiavanie za peniaze) sa v USA užíva rent. Napr.: We rented a car. - Požičali sme si auto. ap.

    Exercise 6

    • Tvorte vety opačného významu.

    3 I'm going to tell him.
    2 She should tell them.
    7 She's got a lot of friends.
    9 They could help us.
    1 He speaks English.
    5 She doesn't like travelling.
    10 We'll be able to come.
    8 There were more people.
    4 You should eat less meat.
    6 There's too much water.

    Exercise 7

    • Tvorte oznamovacie vety v prítomnom, budúcom a jednoduchom minulom čase.

    6 she, sit between us
    3 she, send us, messages
    1 he, speak about it
    2 my parents, know
    9 he, not like the food
    7 we, spend weekends abroad
    5 I, give him, the money
    4 we, meet, on the bus
    8 our dog, not eat that
    10 the car, be, not expensive

    Exercise 8

    • Povedzte po anglicky. Využite pomôcky.

    2 Poďme ku mne (domov)!
    my place
    10 To je ale škoda!
    pity
    6 Požiadaj ju, nech príde.
    ask, come
    1 To znie dobre!
    sound
    4 Vyzerá to zaujímavo.
    look
    9 Pekne to vonia.
    smell
    5 Nehovor mu o tom!
    tell
    7 To bude omnoho lepšie.
    better
    8 Nehádajme sa!
    let, argue
    3 Nech mi zavolá! (on)
    let, call

    Exercise 9

    • Upravte vety do času jednoduchého prítomného a jednoduchého minulého.

    9 He's bringing her flowers.
    7 She's sleeping late.
    3 It's snowing.
    2 Bob is trying hard.
    1 She's feeling good.
    5 School is beginning.
    4 She's making dinner.
    6 He's coming.
    10 I'm drinking beer.
    8 I'm writing some e-mails.

    Exercise 10

    • Doplňte 2. alebo 3. stupeň prídavných mien.

    5 My idea was bad but his idea is even .
    8 It's very dangerous. You should be careful.
    3 He may be fast, but he isn't the in the world.
    10 You didn't try enough. You must try next time.
    7 Jane is so beautiful. She's the girl that I know.
    11 He's good at tennis, but I am much .
    4 That house is expensive, but this house is much .
    1 He's tall but he isn't the boy in the family.
    6 It's such a bad film! I think it's the film of all.
    2 My dog is big, but his dog is even .
    9 He tried so hard. He really did his .
    12 There were only 9 people last time, but today there are even .

    Pozor na predložku: be good at ... - byť dobrý v... Napr.: He's good at it. - Ide mu to., Je v tom dobrý., I'm really bad at that. - To mi vôbec nejde. Slovo even sa používa na zdôraznenie ako slovenské ešte alebo dokonca či v zápore ani. Napr. He didn't even say goodbye. - Ani sa nerozlúčil. ap.

    Exercise 11

    • Použite gerundium na vytvorenie vety s rovnakým významom.

    1 He likes to play games.
    4 He continued to read.
    3 Music started to play.
    7 It should be easy to repair.
    2 They love to sing.
    9 I dislike it when I have to wait.
    8 It will be hard to solve.
    5 We love it when we go out.
    11 She works hard and she enjoys it.
    6 He hates it when he gets up early.
    10 I hate it when people lie to me.
    12 I can remember that he told her.

    Exercise 12

    • Preložte. Sústreďte sa na predložky.

    13 We are open from 8 a.m. to 6 p.m.
    5 The worst is behind us.
    6 I'll wait outside the shop.
    2 You are among friends.
    9 He sits in front of the TV.
    11 You can't take it on the plane.
    12 Go down this road.
    3 It's just around the corner.
    1 She left for work an hour ago.
    7 What else do you like besides watching TV?
    8 He lives in the flat above me.
    4 people aged between 30 and 50
    14 Someone's knocking at the door.
    10 I'm ready for anything.

    Zaklopať na niečo je síce po anglicky to knock on, napr. He knocked on the door., ale pokiaľ niekto stojí pri dverách a klope, použije sa bežne aj at the door. Fráza to answer the door potom znamená: (ísť) otvoriť (niekomu, kto klope, zvoní).

    Exercise 13

    • Vyberte správnu predložku.

    12 I'll make a reservation in/at/to the Marriott Hotel.
    10 We were at/in/on the seaside not on/in/at the mountains.
    4 There are lots of people at/in/about the streets.
    11 What are you doing in/at/on Friday?
    8 Walk over/through/by the bridge and then turn left.
    6 We often meet at/on/inside the bus or in/on/at the bus stop.
    9 My birthday is at/on/in 3rd March.
    2 It's (a) quarter to/at/from six.
    13 Meet me on/to/at the airport in/at/on eight o'clock.
    7 She's afraid to/of/about flying.
    3 It's freezing outside. The temperature is under/below/behind zero.
    1 We'll meet at half to/after/past seven in/at/to my place.
    5 She asked me to/at/for it and I gave it for/to/at her.

    Príkaz: Meet me ... možno preložiť ako Stretneme sa... (tam a tam).

    Užitočná fráza: without somebody's knowing - bez niečieho vedomia. Napr.: He did it without my knowing. - Urobil to bez môjho vedomia.

    Exercise 15

    • Spojte súvisiace výroky.

    • 1 Why did Jane leave?
    • 2 Can we go now?
    • 3 Did you tell anybody?
    • 4 Did you speak to Bob?
    • 5 Where did you meet?
    • 6 How often do you go there?
    • 7 Will you come to the party?
    • 8 Did you go on holiday?
    • 9 Does he have any siblings?
    • 10 How much did it cost?
    • j No, he's an only child.
    • a No, I told nobody.
    • h It wasn't very expensive.
    • e No, I won't be able to.
    • c She had to go to work.
    • d Yes, we went on a road trip.
    • f No, we'll have to wait.
    • b We met on the bus.
    • i Usually twice a week.
    • g Yes, I spoke to him last week.

    Road trip rəʊdtrɪp je dlhšia cesta pre zábavu podniknutá hl. autom. Napr.: We went on a road trip around the US. - Obišli sme autom USA.

    Exercise 16

    • Vyberte správne slovo.

    19 How many/much beers did you have?
    4 I tried it many/much times.
    18 Are there any other/another ideas?
    7 There were less/fewer people.
    16 It'll be many/much better.
    12 I speak very little/few English.
    11 There are little/few cars in the streets.
    9 It should take only little/few time.
    5 There wasn't very/much time.
    13 He made much/many mistakes.
    2 He doesn't eat many/much meat.
    10 How many/much water do you drink every day?
    17 He should get other/another chance.
    3 There will be many/much people.
    6 That's too much/many money.
    1 How many/much will it cost?
    8 I have only little/a few friends.
    15 He causes too many/much trouble.
    14 There was few/little rain last year.

    Látkové podstatné mená ako tea, coffee, beer ap., sú síce všeobecne nepočítateľné, ale ak hovoríme o konkrétnych porciách, druhoch ap., ide už o slovo počítateľné. Takže napr.: You drink too much coffee., ale I had too many coffees., podobne I drank too much beer., ale How many beers did you have? ap.

    Exercise 17

    • Preložte pomocou účelového neurčitku.

    3 Volám, aby som ti povedal... call, tell
    13 Žiadala ma, aby som jej dal ďalšiu šancu. ask, give, chance
    4 Aby si mal peniaze, musíš pracovať. work, have money
    2 Povedz jej, nech počká. tell, wait
    11 Zavolám bratovi, aby ma odviezol na letisko. call, take, to the airport
    1 Požiadaj ho, aby mi to poslal. ask, send
    9 Učím sa po anglicky, aby som rozumel cudzincom. learn, understand, foreigner
    5 Som tu, aby som sa s ňou porozprával. speak to
    7 Povedz im, aby na nás nečakali. tell, wait
    8 Chcem, aby si to urobil hneď. want you, do, right now
    10 Musíme sa poponáhľať, aby sme tam boli včas. hurry, in time
    6 Potrebujem, aby si mi pomohol. need you, help
    12 Beriem si taxík, aby som neprišiel neskoro. take, taxi, be late

    By chance znamená náhodou. They met by chance. - Stretli sa náhodou.

    Exercise 18

    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    6 She'll like you more if you leave/quit/let smoking.
    2 If you aren't sure, you had/should/shall ask somebody.
    10 If you're tired, you should have a look/rest/pity.
    11 If you don't have a phone, you can use my/me/mine.
    1 If you eat too much, you will be smart/fat/rich.
    8 It's early. If you call him now, you'll spend/wake/keep him.
    7 If you don't know what to do, ask everybody/somebody/nobody.
    13 Don't open the door unless you feel/know/smell the person behind it.
    3 If he's so smart, why isn't he tall/rich/broken?
    12 If it's expensive/broken/lost, someone should repair it.
    4 If it is hot/cold/late, I will wear a coat.
    5 How can he know that if somebody/nobody/everybody told him?
    9 If you drink 5 beers, you'll be tall/drunk/broken.

    Nezamieňajte anglické feel (cítiť - dotykom, mať pocit) a smell (cítiť čuchom)! Napr.: Can you smell it? - “Cítiš to?”. Sloveso smell of ... je v angličtine všeobecne neutrálne (znamená byť cítiť čím) napr. It smells of petrol. - “Je to cítiť benzínom.”, smell good/nice je voňať a smell bad je páchnuť, smrdieť. V niektorých prípadoch však má už samotné smell negatívny kontext. Napr.: Your feet smell! - “Smrdia ti nohy!”, His breath smells. - “Páchne mu z úst.” ap.

    Exercise 19

    • Doplňte slova: soon, early, late, later, in time

    8 She lived there in the 1990s. It was around 1992.
    9 Please let me know as as possible!
    3 I'm leaving home now. I'll be there .
    6 I hate people being late, so be there .
    5 He'll call me in an hour, so we should know .
    1 He just left for a minute. He should be back .
    2 Last time he was late and today he's . He's never on time.
    10 We agreed to meet at 6 and it's 6:20. You are again!
    7 He went to bed late. Don't wake him too .
    4 I have no time now. I'll look at it .

    Agree with... je súhlasiť s..., ale spojenie: agree on ... alebo tiež agree to (do) ... znamená skôr dohodnúť sa na... (niečom). Agreed! əˈgriːd je po slovensky Platí!, Dohodnuté! či Súhlasím!

    Exercise 20

    • Doplňte podľa kontextu tvary slovesa do alebo make.

    6 Do you any sports?
    8 How much money does he ?
    13 We're late but we can still it in time.
    10 Please sure that you have enough money.
    1 You are a big mistake!
    12 Who's going to the shopping?
    14 He it to her happy.
    11 I only have 10 dollars. Will it ? - No, it costs 15 dollars.
    2 What are you here? Are you waiting for someone?
    9 Can you a reservation for me? I'll my best.
    5 I need to a phone call.
    7 It doesn't sense. I get it.
    15 Stop fun of me!
    4 You should your homework now.
    3 She's dinner just now.

    Všimnite si, ako sa anglické sloveso do spája s podstatnými menami končiacimi na -ing (často gerundiom). Vzniká tak veľa užitočných ustálených spojení ako napr. do the washing up - umyť riad, do the cleaning - upratať, Let me do the talking. - Nechaj hovoriť mňa., I did a lot of thinking. - Veľa som premýšľal. ap.

    Exercise 21

    • Povedzte po anglicky. Použite gerundium, kde je to možné.

    8 Mrzí ma, že som to povedal. be sorry for, say that
    3 Je to lepšie než sedieť doma. sit at home
    1 Rád pozeráš televíziu? watch TV
    9 Nezmienil sa, že pôjde do Londýna. mention, go to London
    7 Vieš si predstaviť, že by si tu zostal? imagine, stay
    5 Ona mi stále volá. keep, call, all the time
    2 Radšej cestujem vlakom. prefer, travel by train
    10 Chýba mi život na vidieku. miss, live in the country
    4 Skúšaj to ďalej! keep, try
    6 Kedy to dopíšeš? finish, write

    Sloveso miss možno po slovensky preložiť ako chýbať, treba ale dávať pozor na obrátenie podmetu a predmetu! Napr.: I miss you. - Chýbaš mi., He misses his friends. - Chýbajú mu jeho priatelia., I'm missing two books. - Chýbajú mi dve knihy. Pozor! Podstatné meno Miss je po slovensky slečna (pred menom ap.).

    Exercise 22

    • Vyberte správne slovo podľa výkladu.

    9 If a woman's husband dies, she is: divorced/an orphan/a widow
    2 The mother of your father is your: grandfather/grandmother/daughter
    6 A man who is not married is: free/single/double
    1 Your mother and father are your: siblings/parents/husbands
    5 A husband and his wife are: married/widowed/single
    10 If two people were married but they aren't married now, they are: husbands/widowed/divorced
    7 A person with no siblings is: an only child/a widow/a learner
    4 The son of a man's daughter is his: grandpa/grandparent/grandson
    3 If children are brothers or sisters, the are siblings/relatives/married
    8 A child with no parents is: a widow/an orphan/a sibling

    Exercise 23

    • Doplňte podľa kontextu other, another alebo else.

    5 Let's go somewhere .
    9 Nobody knows that.
    2 What do people think?
    7 Is there anything I can do for you?
    4 What things do you like?
    3 What will you need?
    10 George is just New Yorker visiting London.
    6 We will find some place.
    1 Why do you need car?
    8 I'll come time.

    Koncovka -er sa používa aj na tvorenie názvov obyvateľov istého mesta či miesta. Napr.: Londoner ˈlʌndənə (Londýnčan), New Yorker njuː jɔːkə (Newyorčan), village (dedina) - villager ˈvɪlɪdʒə (dedinčan), island (ostrov) - islander ˈaɪləndə (ostrovan) ap. Nemožno ju však takto použiť vždy! Napr. Parížan je Parisian pəˈrɪzɪən, Riman je Roman ˈrəʊmən ap.

    Exercise 24

    • Preložte.

    11 Nepotrebujem to.
    12 Idem nakupovať.
    14 Nesmie o tom vedieť.
    5 Mal som veľa práce.
    13 John tam chodí každý deň.
    2 Mohli by ste mi pomôcť?
    20 Prezreli sme si pamiatky.
    16 Strávili sme týždeň pri mori.
    10 Koľko to stojí?
    15 Prídem o pol šiestej.
    18 Nemohol som to nájsť.
    3 Chodí do práce autom.
    17 Museli sme čakať.
    4 Prečo si mi to neposlal?
    8 Kto ti to povedal?
    9 Vyzerá to dobre.
    6 Ideš s nami?
    1 Kde si včera bol?
    7 Mal by si jej zavolať.
    19 Nebudem môcť prísť.

    Slovo sightseeing je zloženinou slov sights (pamiatky, pamätihodnosti) a seeing (videnie, pozeranie), teda “prezeranie pamiatok”. Places to visit sú miesta, ktoré sa oplatí navštíviť.