Exercises

Exercise 1

    • Preložte do slovenčiny.

    20 It feels great!
    11 I'll pick you up at the airport.
    19 That sounds interesting.
    5 He tries hard to be the best.
    17 I spent an hour looking for it.
    6 It'll be best to take a taxi.
    15 He doesn't care about her.
    14 She keeps talking about it.
    7 It was nice meeting you.
    1 What are you watching?
    12 She never speaks to me.
    13 Let's go shopping!
    16 Shall we sit down?
    2 Take a look at this!
    10 What time does your plane land?
    3 Tell him not to buy it.
    9 Is this your first time here?
    8 We met several times.
    4 She knew nothing about it.
    18 There's no need to worry.

    Feel je cítiť alebo cítiť sa, ale možno ho použiť aj keď opisujeme, aký pocit niečo vyvoláva. Napr. It feels good. - Je to dobrý pocit., It feels cold. - Chladí to.

    Exercise 2

    • Odpovedzte celou vetou kladne a potom záporne.

    5 Is she coming too?
    8 Should I tell her?
    6 Will you be there?
    2 Does he know?
    4 Have you got any money?
    9 Could he do it for us?
    1 Are you hungry?
    3 Can they help us?
    7 Do they agree?
    10 Am I right?

    Right znamená správny či správne. Možno ho ale tiež použiť v uisťovacích otázkach. Napr. Is that right? - Je to tak? či iba Right? - Že (áno)?

    Exercise 3

    • Tvorte otázky. Pýtajte sa na zvýraznené slová.

    3 They're going to arrange it.
    7 Bob broke his leg last week.
    9 He goes there twice a week.
    2 Frank is coming too.
    8 She's afraid of flying.
    11 He's got no children.
    1 I'm watching the news.
    4 We'll meet on Wednesday.
    6 Only ten people came there.
    12 It's going to take a week.
    5 It costs twenty dollars.
    10 We got there at seven.

    Exercise 4

    • Napíšte po anglicky celými slovami číselné údaje.

    2 He was 52nd.
    5 4.6,000,000
    3 246 people
    10 in the 1980s
    13 Charles II and Henry VIII
    12 phone number 670098883
    9 in the year 2015
    4 3,500
    1 on May 1st and 26th
    6 0.05 seconds
    7 35,785
    11 bus number 102
    8 9,756,004

    V písanej angličtine (hl. v novinách ap.) môžete často v kontexte súm a hodnôt naraziť na skratky K či k pre tisíce (z anglického kilo) a M či m pre milióny million. Napr. They spent $2.5M - “Utratili 2,5 milióna dolárov.”, It cost $15k. - “Stálo to 15 tisíc dolárov.” Podobne sa používa aj skratka B či bn pre miliardy (billion).

    Exercise 5

    • Odpovedzte celou vetou podľa pomôcok.

    11 Were there any problems? lots of
    7 What did they want? more money
    10 Did you have a good time? great time
    6 When is she coming back? on Friday
    1 How often does he exercise? 3x a week
    13 When did you see him? last week
    3 When did she come back? at 2 a.m.
    2 How many dogs does she have? 2 dogs
    9 What did you drink? only tea
    4 What are we going to do? ask them for help
    5 How much did it cost? 2000 dollars
    14 Did you travel by bus? no, hire a car
    8 Did he cause any problems? no problems
    12 What did she tell you? nothing

    Sloveso hire možno v britskej angličtine použiť aj na človeka a vec. V americkej angličtine sa ale hire užíva len na pracovníkov. Na prenájom vecí (požičiavanie za peniaze) sa v USA užíva rent. Napr.: We rented a car. - Požičali sme si auto. ap.

    Exercise 6

    • Tvorte vety opačného významu.

    9 They could help us.
    5 She doesn't like travelling.
    10 We'll be able to come.
    1 He speaks English.
    7 She's got a lot of friends.
    6 There's too much water.
    8 There were more people.
    2 She should tell them.
    3 I'm going to tell him.
    4 You should eat less meat.

    Exercise 7

    • Tvorte oznamovacie vety v prítomnom, budúcom a jednoduchom minulom čase.

    9 he, not like the food
    7 we, spend weekends abroad
    3 she, send us, messages
    1 he, speak about it
    5 I, give him, the money
    6 she, sit between us
    2 my parents, know
    10 the car, be, not expensive
    4 we, meet, on the bus
    8 our dog, not eat that

    Exercise 8

    • Povedzte po anglicky. Využite pomôcky.

    8 Nehádajme sa!
    let, argue
    4 Vyzerá to zaujímavo.
    look
    9 Pekne to vonia.
    smell
    5 Nehovor mu o tom!
    tell
    1 To znie dobre!
    sound
    2 Poďme ku mne (domov)!
    my place
    3 Nech mi zavolá! (on)
    let, call
    10 To je ale škoda!
    pity
    6 Požiadaj ju, nech príde.
    ask, come
    7 To bude omnoho lepšie.
    better

    Exercise 9

    • Upravte vety do času jednoduchého prítomného a jednoduchého minulého.

    8 I'm writing some e-mails.
    10 I'm drinking beer.
    4 She's making dinner.
    1 She's feeling good.
    7 She's sleeping late.
    9 He's bringing her flowers.
    6 He's coming.
    2 Bob is trying hard.
    5 School is beginning.
    3 It's snowing.

    Exercise 10

    • Doplňte 2. alebo 3. stupeň prídavných mien.

    12 There were only 9 people last time, but today there are even .
    9 He tried so hard. He really did his .
    10 You didn't try enough. You must try next time.
    11 He's good at tennis, but I am much .
    7 Jane is so beautiful. She's the girl that I know.
    8 It's very dangerous. You should be careful.
    6 It's such a bad film! I think it's the film of all.
    3 He may be fast, but he isn't the in the world.
    1 He's tall but he isn't the boy in the family.
    2 My dog is big, but his dog is even .
    5 My idea was bad but his idea is even .
    4 That house is expensive, but this house is much .

    Pozor na predložku: be good at ... - byť dobrý v... Napr.: He's good at it. - Ide mu to., Je v tom dobrý., I'm really bad at that. - To mi vôbec nejde. Slovo even sa používa na zdôraznenie ako slovenské ešte alebo dokonca či v zápore ani. Napr. He didn't even say goodbye. - Ani sa nerozlúčil. ap.

    Exercise 11

    • Použite gerundium na vytvorenie vety s rovnakým významom.

    9 I dislike it when I have to wait.
    10 I hate it when people lie to me.
    1 He likes to play games.
    12 I can remember that he told her.
    11 She works hard and she enjoys it.
    3 Music started to play.
    5 We love it when we go out.
    6 He hates it when he gets up early.
    2 They love to sing.
    7 It should be easy to repair.
    4 He continued to read.
    8 It will be hard to solve.

    Exercise 12

    • Preložte. Sústreďte sa na predložky.

    3 It's just around the corner.
    6 I'll wait outside the shop.
    14 Someone's knocking at the door.
    12 Go down this road.
    7 What else do you like besides watching TV?
    9 He sits in front of the TV.
    4 people aged between 30 and 50
    1 She left for work an hour ago.
    13 We are open from 8 a.m. to 6 p.m.
    2 You are among friends.
    10 I'm ready for anything.
    5 The worst is behind us.
    8 He lives in the flat above me.
    11 You can't take it on the plane.

    Zaklopať na niečo je síce po anglicky to knock on, napr. He knocked on the door., ale pokiaľ niekto stojí pri dverách a klope, použije sa bežne aj at the door. Fráza to answer the door potom znamená: (ísť) otvoriť (niekomu, kto klope, zvoní).

    Exercise 13

    • Vyberte správnu predložku.

    10 We were at/in/on the seaside not on/in/at the mountains.
    8 Walk over/through/by the bridge and then turn left.
    3 It's freezing outside. The temperature is under/below/behind zero.
    5 She asked me to/at/for it and I gave it for/to/at her.
    12 I'll make a reservation in/at/to the Marriott Hotel.
    7 She's afraid to/of/about flying.
    6 We often meet at/on/inside the bus or in/on/at the bus stop.
    2 It's (a) quarter to/at/from six.
    13 Meet me on/to/at the airport in/at/on eight o'clock.
    4 There are lots of people at/in/about the streets.
    1 We'll meet at half to/after/past seven in/at/to my place.
    9 My birthday is at/on/in 3rd March.
    11 What are you doing in/at/on Friday?

    Príkaz: Meet me ... možno preložiť ako Stretneme sa... (tam a tam).

    Užitočná fráza: without somebody's knowing - bez niečieho vedomia. Napr.: He did it without my knowing. - Urobil to bez môjho vedomia.

    Exercise 15

    • Spojte súvisiace výroky.

    • 1 Why did Jane leave?
    • 2 Can we go now?
    • 3 Did you tell anybody?
    • 4 Did you speak to Bob?
    • 5 Where did you meet?
    • 6 How often do you go there?
    • 7 Will you come to the party?
    • 8 Did you go on holiday?
    • 9 Does he have any siblings?
    • 10 How much did it cost?
    • i Usually twice a week.
    • g Yes, I spoke to him last week.
    • h It wasn't very expensive.
    • d Yes, we went on a road trip.
    • a No, I told nobody.
    • j No, he's an only child.
    • e No, I won't be able to.
    • c She had to go to work.
    • f No, we'll have to wait.
    • b We met on the bus.

    Road trip rəʊdtrɪp je dlhšia cesta pre zábavu podniknutá hl. autom. Napr.: We went on a road trip around the US. - Obišli sme autom USA.

    Exercise 16

    • Vyberte správne slovo.

    17 He should get other/another chance.
    11 There are little/few cars in the streets.
    6 That's too much/many money.
    13 He made much/many mistakes.
    2 He doesn't eat many/much meat.
    5 There wasn't very/much time.
    1 How many/much will it cost?
    16 It'll be many/much better.
    8 I have only little/a few friends.
    14 There was few/little rain last year.
    19 How many/much beers did you have?
    15 He causes too many/much trouble.
    12 I speak very little/few English.
    7 There were less/fewer people.
    4 I tried it many/much times.
    9 It should take only little/few time.
    3 There will be many/much people.
    10 How many/much water do you drink every day?
    18 Are there any other/another ideas?

    Látkové podstatné mená ako tea, coffee, beer ap., sú síce všeobecne nepočítateľné, ale ak hovoríme o konkrétnych porciách, druhoch ap., ide už o slovo počítateľné. Takže napr.: You drink too much coffee., ale I had too many coffees., podobne I drank too much beer., ale How many beers did you have? ap.

    Exercise 17

    • Preložte pomocou účelového neurčitku.

    9 Učím sa po anglicky, aby som rozumel cudzincom. learn, understand, foreigner
    1 Požiadaj ho, aby mi to poslal. ask, send
    13 Žiadala ma, aby som jej dal ďalšiu šancu. ask, give, chance
    5 Som tu, aby som sa s ňou porozprával. speak to
    12 Beriem si taxík, aby som neprišiel neskoro. take, taxi, be late
    6 Potrebujem, aby si mi pomohol. need you, help
    11 Zavolám bratovi, aby ma odviezol na letisko. call, take, to the airport
    4 Aby si mal peniaze, musíš pracovať. work, have money
    7 Povedz im, aby na nás nečakali. tell, wait
    2 Povedz jej, nech počká. tell, wait
    10 Musíme sa poponáhľať, aby sme tam boli včas. hurry, in time
    8 Chcem, aby si to urobil hneď. want you, do, right now
    3 Volám, aby som ti povedal... call, tell

    By chance znamená náhodou. They met by chance. - Stretli sa náhodou.

    Exercise 18

    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    3 If he's so smart, why isn't he tall/rich/broken?
    9 If you drink 5 beers, you'll be tall/drunk/broken.
    12 If it's expensive/broken/lost, someone should repair it.
    7 If you don't know what to do, ask everybody/somebody/nobody.
    10 If you're tired, you should have a look/rest/pity.
    1 If you eat too much, you will be smart/fat/rich.
    2 If you aren't sure, you had/should/shall ask somebody.
    5 How can he know that if somebody/nobody/everybody told him?
    6 She'll like you more if you leave/quit/let smoking.
    8 It's early. If you call him now, you'll spend/wake/keep him.
    4 If it is hot/cold/late, I will wear a coat.
    11 If you don't have a phone, you can use my/me/mine.
    13 Don't open the door unless you feel/know/smell the person behind it.

    Nezamieňajte anglické feel (cítiť - dotykom, mať pocit) a smell (cítiť čuchom)! Napr.: Can you smell it? - “Cítiš to?”. Sloveso smell of ... je v angličtine všeobecne neutrálne (znamená byť cítiť čím) napr. It smells of petrol. - “Je to cítiť benzínom.”, smell good/nice je voňať a smell bad je páchnuť, smrdieť. V niektorých prípadoch však má už samotné smell negatívny kontext. Napr.: Your feet smell! - “Smrdia ti nohy!”, His breath smells. - “Páchne mu z úst.” ap.

    Exercise 19

    • Doplňte slova: soon, early, late, later, in time

    7 He went to bed late. Don't wake him too .
    2 Last time he was late and today he's . He's never on time.
    8 She lived there in the 1990s. It was around 1992.
    10 We agreed to meet at 6 and it's 6:20. You are again!
    3 I'm leaving home now. I'll be there .
    6 I hate people being late, so be there .
    4 I have no time now. I'll look at it .
    5 He'll call me in an hour, so we should know .
    1 He just left for a minute. He should be back .
    9 Please let me know as as possible!

    Agree with... je súhlasiť s..., ale spojenie: agree on ... alebo tiež agree to (do) ... znamená skôr dohodnúť sa na... (niečom). Agreed! əˈgriːd je po slovensky Platí!, Dohodnuté! či Súhlasím!

    Exercise 20

    • Doplňte podľa kontextu tvary slovesa do alebo make.

    8 How much money does he ?
    9 Can you a reservation for me? I'll my best.
    13 We're late but we can still it in time.
    14 He it to her happy.
    1 You are a big mistake!
    10 Please sure that you have enough money.
    11 I only have 10 dollars. Will it ? - No, it costs 15 dollars.
    4 You should your homework now.
    5 I need to a phone call.
    2 What are you here? Are you waiting for someone?
    6 Do you any sports?
    15 Stop fun of me!
    12 Who's going to the shopping?
    7 It doesn't sense. I get it.
    3 She's dinner just now.

    Všimnite si, ako sa anglické sloveso do spája s podstatnými menami končiacimi na -ing (často gerundiom). Vzniká tak veľa užitočných ustálených spojení ako napr. do the washing up - umyť riad, do the cleaning - upratať, Let me do the talking. - Nechaj hovoriť mňa., I did a lot of thinking. - Veľa som premýšľal. ap.

    Exercise 21

    • Povedzte po anglicky. Použite gerundium, kde je to možné.

    2 Radšej cestujem vlakom. prefer, travel by train
    1 Rád pozeráš televíziu? watch TV
    9 Nezmienil sa, že pôjde do Londýna. mention, go to London
    10 Chýba mi život na vidieku. miss, live in the country
    4 Skúšaj to ďalej! keep, try
    3 Je to lepšie než sedieť doma. sit at home
    5 Ona mi stále volá. keep, call, all the time
    8 Mrzí ma, že som to povedal. be sorry for, say that
    7 Vieš si predstaviť, že by si tu zostal? imagine, stay
    6 Kedy to dopíšeš? finish, write

    Sloveso miss možno po slovensky preložiť ako chýbať, treba ale dávať pozor na obrátenie podmetu a predmetu! Napr.: I miss you. - Chýbaš mi., He misses his friends. - Chýbajú mu jeho priatelia., I'm missing two books. - Chýbajú mi dve knihy. Pozor! Podstatné meno Miss je po slovensky slečna (pred menom ap.).

    Exercise 22

    • Vyberte správne slovo podľa výkladu.

    8 A child with no parents is: a widow/an orphan/a sibling
    10 If two people were married but they aren't married now, they are: husbands/widowed/divorced
    2 The mother of your father is your: grandfather/grandmother/daughter
    3 If children are brothers or sisters, the are siblings/relatives/married
    6 A man who is not married is: free/single/double
    1 Your mother and father are your: siblings/parents/husbands
    4 The son of a man's daughter is his: grandpa/grandparent/grandson
    7 A person with no siblings is: an only child/a widow/a learner
    9 If a woman's husband dies, she is: divorced/an orphan/a widow
    5 A husband and his wife are: married/widowed/single

    Exercise 23

    • Doplňte podľa kontextu other, another alebo else.

    3 What will you need?
    6 We will find some place.
    7 Is there anything I can do for you?
    4 What things do you like?
    9 Nobody knows that.
    1 Why do you need car?
    2 What do people think?
    8 I'll come time.
    10 George is just New Yorker visiting London.
    5 Let's go somewhere .

    Koncovka -er sa používa aj na tvorenie názvov obyvateľov istého mesta či miesta. Napr.: Londoner ˈlʌndənə (Londýnčan), New Yorker njuː jɔːkə (Newyorčan), village (dedina) - villager ˈvɪlɪdʒə (dedinčan), island (ostrov) - islander ˈaɪləndə (ostrovan) ap. Nemožno ju však takto použiť vždy! Napr. Parížan je Parisian pəˈrɪzɪən, Riman je Roman ˈrəʊmən ap.

    Exercise 24

    • Preložte.

    9 Vyzerá to dobre.
    15 Prídem o pol šiestej.
    13 John tam chodí každý deň.
    1 Kde si včera bol?
    16 Strávili sme týždeň pri mori.
    3 Chodí do práce autom.
    7 Mal by si jej zavolať.
    18 Nemohol som to nájsť.
    4 Prečo si mi to neposlal?
    2 Mohli by ste mi pomôcť?
    8 Kto ti to povedal?
    10 Koľko to stojí?
    19 Nebudem môcť prísť.
    12 Idem nakupovať.
    5 Mal som veľa práce.
    11 Nepotrebujem to.
    14 Nesmie o tom vedieť.
    20 Prezreli sme si pamiatky.
    17 Museli sme čakať.
    6 Ideš s nami?

    Slovo sightseeing je zloženinou slov sights (pamiatky, pamätihodnosti) a seeing (videnie, pozeranie), teda “prezeranie pamiatok”. Places to visit sú miesta, ktoré sa oplatí navštíviť.