Exercises

Exercise 1

    • Preložte do slovenčiny.

    8 We met several times.
    16 Shall we sit down?
    7 It was nice meeting you.
    19 That sounds interesting.
    2 Take a look at this!
    12 She never speaks to me.
    11 I'll pick you up at the airport.
    6 It'll be best to take a taxi.
    18 There's no need to worry.
    15 He doesn't care about her.
    20 It feels great!
    3 Tell him not to buy it.
    17 I spent an hour looking for it.
    5 He tries hard to be the best.
    4 She knew nothing about it.
    9 Is this your first time here?
    1 What are you watching?
    14 She keeps talking about it.
    13 Let's go shopping!
    10 What time does your plane land?

    Feel je cítiť alebo cítiť sa, ale možno ho použiť aj keď opisujeme, aký pocit niečo vyvoláva. Napr. It feels good. - Je to dobrý pocit., It feels cold. - Chladí to.

    Exercise 2

    • Odpovedzte celou vetou kladne a potom záporne.

    2 Does he know?
    9 Could he do it for us?
    8 Should I tell her?
    4 Have you got any money?
    10 Am I right?
    5 Is she coming too?
    3 Can they help us?
    1 Are you hungry?
    6 Will you be there?
    7 Do they agree?

    Right znamená správny či správne. Možno ho ale tiež použiť v uisťovacích otázkach. Napr. Is that right? - Je to tak? či iba Right? - Že (áno)?

    Exercise 3

    • Tvorte otázky. Pýtajte sa na zvýraznené slová.

    5 It costs twenty dollars.
    6 Only ten people came there.
    4 We'll meet on Wednesday.
    9 He goes there twice a week.
    8 She's afraid of flying.
    3 They're going to arrange it.
    10 We got there at seven.
    7 Bob broke his leg last week.
    2 Frank is coming too.
    1 I'm watching the news.
    12 It's going to take a week.
    11 He's got no children.

    Exercise 4

    • Napíšte po anglicky celými slovami číselné údaje.

    11 bus number 102
    2 He was 52nd.
    3 246 people
    9 in the year 2015
    8 9,756,004
    12 phone number 670098883
    10 in the 1980s
    13 Charles II and Henry VIII
    7 35,785
    6 0.05 seconds
    4 3,500
    1 on May 1st and 26th
    5 4.6,000,000

    V písanej angličtine (hl. v novinách ap.) môžete často v kontexte súm a hodnôt naraziť na skratky K či k pre tisíce (z anglického kilo) a M či m pre milióny million. Napr. They spent $2.5M - “Utratili 2,5 milióna dolárov.”, It cost $15k. - “Stálo to 15 tisíc dolárov.” Podobne sa používa aj skratka B či bn pre miliardy (billion).

    Exercise 5

    • Odpovedzte celou vetou podľa pomôcok.

    11 Were there any problems? lots of
    3 When did she come back? at 2 a.m.
    1 How often does he exercise? 3x a week
    2 How many dogs does she have? 2 dogs
    6 When is she coming back? on Friday
    9 What did you drink? only tea
    4 What are we going to do? ask them for help
    13 When did you see him? last week
    8 Did he cause any problems? no problems
    12 What did she tell you? nothing
    14 Did you travel by bus? no, hire a car
    10 Did you have a good time? great time
    5 How much did it cost? 2000 dollars
    7 What did they want? more money

    Sloveso hire možno v britskej angličtine použiť aj na človeka a vec. V americkej angličtine sa ale hire užíva len na pracovníkov. Na prenájom vecí (požičiavanie za peniaze) sa v USA užíva rent. Napr.: We rented a car. - Požičali sme si auto. ap.

    Exercise 6

    • Tvorte vety opačného významu.

    9 They could help us.
    6 There's too much water.
    10 We'll be able to come.
    1 He speaks English.
    5 She doesn't like travelling.
    4 You should eat less meat.
    2 She should tell them.
    7 She's got a lot of friends.
    8 There were more people.
    3 I'm going to tell him.

    Exercise 7

    • Tvorte oznamovacie vety v prítomnom, budúcom a jednoduchom minulom čase.

    9 he, not like the food
    4 we, meet, on the bus
    6 she, sit between us
    1 he, speak about it
    5 I, give him, the money
    7 we, spend weekends abroad
    8 our dog, not eat that
    10 the car, be, not expensive
    2 my parents, know
    3 she, send us, messages

    Exercise 8

    • Povedzte po anglicky. Využite pomôcky.

    3 Nech mi zavolá! (on)
    let, call
    1 To znie dobre!
    sound
    4 Vyzerá to zaujímavo.
    look
    10 To je ale škoda!
    pity
    8 Nehádajme sa!
    let, argue
    9 Pekne to vonia.
    smell
    6 Požiadaj ju, nech príde.
    ask, come
    7 To bude omnoho lepšie.
    better
    2 Poďme ku mne (domov)!
    my place
    5 Nehovor mu o tom!
    tell

    Exercise 9

    • Upravte vety do času jednoduchého prítomného a jednoduchého minulého.

    1 She's feeling good.
    3 It's snowing.
    6 He's coming.
    5 School is beginning.
    10 I'm drinking beer.
    2 Bob is trying hard.
    7 She's sleeping late.
    9 He's bringing her flowers.
    4 She's making dinner.
    8 I'm writing some e-mails.

    Exercise 10

    • Doplňte 2. alebo 3. stupeň prídavných mien.

    2 My dog is big, but his dog is even .
    11 He's good at tennis, but I am much .
    9 He tried so hard. He really did his .
    5 My idea was bad but his idea is even .
    7 Jane is so beautiful. She's the girl that I know.
    4 That house is expensive, but this house is much .
    8 It's very dangerous. You should be careful.
    6 It's such a bad film! I think it's the film of all.
    10 You didn't try enough. You must try next time.
    1 He's tall but he isn't the boy in the family.
    12 There were only 9 people last time, but today there are even .
    3 He may be fast, but he isn't the in the world.

    Pozor na predložku: be good at ... - byť dobrý v... Napr.: He's good at it. - Ide mu to., Je v tom dobrý., I'm really bad at that. - To mi vôbec nejde. Slovo even sa používa na zdôraznenie ako slovenské ešte alebo dokonca či v zápore ani. Napr. He didn't even say goodbye. - Ani sa nerozlúčil. ap.

    Exercise 11

    • Použite gerundium na vytvorenie vety s rovnakým významom.

    11 She works hard and she enjoys it.
    8 It will be hard to solve.
    9 I dislike it when I have to wait.
    12 I can remember that he told her.
    6 He hates it when he gets up early.
    1 He likes to play games.
    7 It should be easy to repair.
    5 We love it when we go out.
    10 I hate it when people lie to me.
    3 Music started to play.
    4 He continued to read.
    2 They love to sing.

    Exercise 12

    • Preložte. Sústreďte sa na predložky.

    12 Go down this road.
    10 I'm ready for anything.
    5 The worst is behind us.
    8 He lives in the flat above me.
    13 We are open from 8 a.m. to 6 p.m.
    6 I'll wait outside the shop.
    7 What else do you like besides watching TV?
    9 He sits in front of the TV.
    3 It's just around the corner.
    11 You can't take it on the plane.
    2 You are among friends.
    1 She left for work an hour ago.
    14 Someone's knocking at the door.
    4 people aged between 30 and 50

    Zaklopať na niečo je síce po anglicky to knock on, napr. He knocked on the door., ale pokiaľ niekto stojí pri dverách a klope, použije sa bežne aj at the door. Fráza to answer the door potom znamená: (ísť) otvoriť (niekomu, kto klope, zvoní).

    Exercise 13

    • Vyberte správnu predložku.

    9 My birthday is at/on/in 3rd March.
    1 We'll meet at half to/after/past seven in/at/to my place.
    13 Meet me on/to/at the airport in/at/on eight o'clock.
    8 Walk over/through/by the bridge and then turn left.
    7 She's afraid to/of/about flying.
    4 There are lots of people at/in/about the streets.
    11 What are you doing in/at/on Friday?
    3 It's freezing outside. The temperature is under/below/behind zero.
    12 I'll make a reservation in/at/to the Marriott Hotel.
    5 She asked me to/at/for it and I gave it for/to/at her.
    6 We often meet at/on/inside the bus or in/on/at the bus stop.
    10 We were at/in/on the seaside not on/in/at the mountains.
    2 It's (a) quarter to/at/from six.

    Príkaz: Meet me ... možno preložiť ako Stretneme sa... (tam a tam).

    Užitočná fráza: without somebody's knowing - bez niečieho vedomia. Napr.: He did it without my knowing. - Urobil to bez môjho vedomia.

    Exercise 15

    • Spojte súvisiace výroky.

    • 1 Why did Jane leave?
    • 2 Can we go now?
    • 3 Did you tell anybody?
    • 4 Did you speak to Bob?
    • 5 Where did you meet?
    • 6 How often do you go there?
    • 7 Will you come to the party?
    • 8 Did you go on holiday?
    • 9 Does he have any siblings?
    • 10 How much did it cost?
    • d Yes, we went on a road trip.
    • f No, we'll have to wait.
    • i Usually twice a week.
    • e No, I won't be able to.
    • c She had to go to work.
    • j No, he's an only child.
    • h It wasn't very expensive.
    • g Yes, I spoke to him last week.
    • b We met on the bus.
    • a No, I told nobody.

    Road trip rəʊdtrɪp je dlhšia cesta pre zábavu podniknutá hl. autom. Napr.: We went on a road trip around the US. - Obišli sme autom USA.

    Exercise 16

    • Vyberte správne slovo.

    11 There are little/few cars in the streets.
    15 He causes too many/much trouble.
    18 Are there any other/another ideas?
    6 That's too much/many money.
    4 I tried it many/much times.
    12 I speak very little/few English.
    13 He made much/many mistakes.
    2 He doesn't eat many/much meat.
    16 It'll be many/much better.
    1 How many/much will it cost?
    9 It should take only little/few time.
    14 There was few/little rain last year.
    7 There were less/fewer people.
    5 There wasn't very/much time.
    3 There will be many/much people.
    17 He should get other/another chance.
    19 How many/much beers did you have?
    10 How many/much water do you drink every day?
    8 I have only little/a few friends.

    Látkové podstatné mená ako tea, coffee, beer ap., sú síce všeobecne nepočítateľné, ale ak hovoríme o konkrétnych porciách, druhoch ap., ide už o slovo počítateľné. Takže napr.: You drink too much coffee., ale I had too many coffees., podobne I drank too much beer., ale How many beers did you have? ap.

    Exercise 17

    • Preložte pomocou účelového neurčitku.

    11 Zavolám bratovi, aby ma odviezol na letisko. call, take, to the airport
    2 Povedz jej, nech počká. tell, wait
    7 Povedz im, aby na nás nečakali. tell, wait
    6 Potrebujem, aby si mi pomohol. need you, help
    5 Som tu, aby som sa s ňou porozprával. speak to
    9 Učím sa po anglicky, aby som rozumel cudzincom. learn, understand, foreigner
    8 Chcem, aby si to urobil hneď. want you, do, right now
    3 Volám, aby som ti povedal... call, tell
    4 Aby si mal peniaze, musíš pracovať. work, have money
    10 Musíme sa poponáhľať, aby sme tam boli včas. hurry, in time
    13 Žiadala ma, aby som jej dal ďalšiu šancu. ask, give, chance
    12 Beriem si taxík, aby som neprišiel neskoro. take, taxi, be late
    1 Požiadaj ho, aby mi to poslal. ask, send

    By chance znamená náhodou. They met by chance. - Stretli sa náhodou.

    Exercise 18

    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    11 If you don't have a phone, you can use my/me/mine.
    1 If you eat too much, you will be smart/fat/rich.
    3 If he's so smart, why isn't he tall/rich/broken?
    7 If you don't know what to do, ask everybody/somebody/nobody.
    8 It's early. If you call him now, you'll spend/wake/keep him.
    12 If it's expensive/broken/lost, someone should repair it.
    4 If it is hot/cold/late, I will wear a coat.
    10 If you're tired, you should have a look/rest/pity.
    2 If you aren't sure, you had/should/shall ask somebody.
    6 She'll like you more if you leave/quit/let smoking.
    13 Don't open the door unless you feel/know/smell the person behind it.
    9 If you drink 5 beers, you'll be tall/drunk/broken.
    5 How can he know that if somebody/nobody/everybody told him?

    Nezamieňajte anglické feel (cítiť - dotykom, mať pocit) a smell (cítiť čuchom)! Napr.: Can you smell it? - “Cítiš to?”. Sloveso smell of ... je v angličtine všeobecne neutrálne (znamená byť cítiť čím) napr. It smells of petrol. - “Je to cítiť benzínom.”, smell good/nice je voňať a smell bad je páchnuť, smrdieť. V niektorých prípadoch však má už samotné smell negatívny kontext. Napr.: Your feet smell! - “Smrdia ti nohy!”, His breath smells. - “Páchne mu z úst.” ap.

    Exercise 19

    • Doplňte slova: soon, early, late, later, in time

    5 He'll call me in an hour, so we should know .
    2 Last time he was late and today he's . He's never on time.
    8 She lived there in the 1990s. It was around 1992.
    1 He just left for a minute. He should be back .
    6 I hate people being late, so be there .
    7 He went to bed late. Don't wake him too .
    4 I have no time now. I'll look at it .
    9 Please let me know as as possible!
    10 We agreed to meet at 6 and it's 6:20. You are again!
    3 I'm leaving home now. I'll be there .

    Agree with... je súhlasiť s..., ale spojenie: agree on ... alebo tiež agree to (do) ... znamená skôr dohodnúť sa na... (niečom). Agreed! əˈgriːd je po slovensky Platí!, Dohodnuté! či Súhlasím!

    Exercise 20

    • Doplňte podľa kontextu tvary slovesa do alebo make.

    4 You should your homework now.
    2 What are you here? Are you waiting for someone?
    9 Can you a reservation for me? I'll my best.
    13 We're late but we can still it in time.
    12 Who's going to the shopping?
    1 You are a big mistake!
    10 Please sure that you have enough money.
    11 I only have 10 dollars. Will it ? - No, it costs 15 dollars.
    5 I need to a phone call.
    15 Stop fun of me!
    8 How much money does he ?
    6 Do you any sports?
    3 She's dinner just now.
    14 He it to her happy.
    7 It doesn't sense. I get it.

    Všimnite si, ako sa anglické sloveso do spája s podstatnými menami končiacimi na -ing (často gerundiom). Vzniká tak veľa užitočných ustálených spojení ako napr. do the washing up - umyť riad, do the cleaning - upratať, Let me do the talking. - Nechaj hovoriť mňa., I did a lot of thinking. - Veľa som premýšľal. ap.

    Exercise 21

    • Povedzte po anglicky. Použite gerundium, kde je to možné.

    10 Chýba mi život na vidieku. miss, live in the country
    5 Ona mi stále volá. keep, call, all the time
    3 Je to lepšie než sedieť doma. sit at home
    1 Rád pozeráš televíziu? watch TV
    2 Radšej cestujem vlakom. prefer, travel by train
    7 Vieš si predstaviť, že by si tu zostal? imagine, stay
    8 Mrzí ma, že som to povedal. be sorry for, say that
    4 Skúšaj to ďalej! keep, try
    9 Nezmienil sa, že pôjde do Londýna. mention, go to London
    6 Kedy to dopíšeš? finish, write

    Sloveso miss možno po slovensky preložiť ako chýbať, treba ale dávať pozor na obrátenie podmetu a predmetu! Napr.: I miss you. - Chýbaš mi., He misses his friends. - Chýbajú mu jeho priatelia., I'm missing two books. - Chýbajú mi dve knihy. Pozor! Podstatné meno Miss je po slovensky slečna (pred menom ap.).

    Exercise 22

    • Vyberte správne slovo podľa výkladu.

    8 A child with no parents is: a widow/an orphan/a sibling
    5 A husband and his wife are: married/widowed/single
    9 If a woman's husband dies, she is: divorced/an orphan/a widow
    1 Your mother and father are your: siblings/parents/husbands
    6 A man who is not married is: free/single/double
    3 If children are brothers or sisters, the are siblings/relatives/married
    2 The mother of your father is your: grandfather/grandmother/daughter
    4 The son of a man's daughter is his: grandpa/grandparent/grandson
    10 If two people were married but they aren't married now, they are: husbands/widowed/divorced
    7 A person with no siblings is: an only child/a widow/a learner

    Exercise 23

    • Doplňte podľa kontextu other, another alebo else.

    10 George is just New Yorker visiting London.
    7 Is there anything I can do for you?
    3 What will you need?
    5 Let's go somewhere .
    4 What things do you like?
    9 Nobody knows that.
    2 What do people think?
    8 I'll come time.
    6 We will find some place.
    1 Why do you need car?

    Koncovka -er sa používa aj na tvorenie názvov obyvateľov istého mesta či miesta. Napr.: Londoner ˈlʌndənə (Londýnčan), New Yorker njuː jɔːkə (Newyorčan), village (dedina) - villager ˈvɪlɪdʒə (dedinčan), island (ostrov) - islander ˈaɪləndə (ostrovan) ap. Nemožno ju však takto použiť vždy! Napr. Parížan je Parisian pəˈrɪzɪən, Riman je Roman ˈrəʊmən ap.

    Exercise 24

    • Preložte.

    10 Koľko to stojí?
    20 Prezreli sme si pamiatky.
    11 Nepotrebujem to.
    3 Chodí do práce autom.
    12 Idem nakupovať.
    13 John tam chodí každý deň.
    16 Strávili sme týždeň pri mori.
    4 Prečo si mi to neposlal?
    5 Mal som veľa práce.
    9 Vyzerá to dobre.
    6 Ideš s nami?
    2 Mohli by ste mi pomôcť?
    18 Nemohol som to nájsť.
    7 Mal by si jej zavolať.
    14 Nesmie o tom vedieť.
    8 Kto ti to povedal?
    1 Kde si včera bol?
    19 Nebudem môcť prísť.
    15 Prídem o pol šiestej.
    17 Museli sme čakať.

    Slovo sightseeing je zloženinou slov sights (pamiatky, pamätihodnosti) a seeing (videnie, pozeranie), teda “prezeranie pamiatok”. Places to visit sú miesta, ktoré sa oplatí navštíviť.