Exercises

Exercise 1

    • Preložte do slovenčiny.

    17 I spent an hour looking for it.
    15 He doesn't care about her.
    13 Let's go shopping!
    1 What are you watching?
    4 She knew nothing about it.
    18 There's no need to worry.
    14 She keeps talking about it.
    3 Tell him not to buy it.
    6 It'll be best to take a taxi.
    8 We met several times.
    2 Take a look at this!
    11 I'll pick you up at the airport.
    7 It was nice meeting you.
    5 He tries hard to be the best.
    9 Is this your first time here?
    19 That sounds interesting.
    16 Shall we sit down?
    10 What time does your plane land?
    20 It feels great!
    12 She never speaks to me.

    Feel je cítiť alebo cítiť sa, ale možno ho použiť aj keď opisujeme, aký pocit niečo vyvoláva. Napr. It feels good. - Je to dobrý pocit., It feels cold. - Chladí to.

    Exercise 2

    • Odpovedzte celou vetou kladne a potom záporne.

    8 Should I tell her?
    7 Do they agree?
    3 Can they help us?
    5 Is she coming too?
    1 Are you hungry?
    2 Does he know?
    9 Could he do it for us?
    10 Am I right?
    4 Have you got any money?
    6 Will you be there?

    Right znamená správny či správne. Možno ho ale tiež použiť v uisťovacích otázkach. Napr. Is that right? - Je to tak? či iba Right? - Že (áno)?

    Exercise 3

    • Tvorte otázky. Pýtajte sa na zvýraznené slová.

    12 It's going to take a week.
    2 Frank is coming too.
    5 It costs twenty dollars.
    11 He's got no children.
    6 Only ten people came there.
    8 She's afraid of flying.
    4 We'll meet on Wednesday.
    7 Bob broke his leg last week.
    9 He goes there twice a week.
    10 We got there at seven.
    1 I'm watching the news.
    3 They're going to arrange it.

    Exercise 4

    • Napíšte po anglicky celými slovami číselné údaje.

    2 He was 52nd.
    7 35,785
    4 3,500
    1 on May 1st and 26th
    3 246 people
    12 phone number 670098883
    6 0.05 seconds
    5 4.6,000,000
    8 9,756,004
    13 Charles II and Henry VIII
    11 bus number 102
    10 in the 1980s
    9 in the year 2015

    V písanej angličtine (hl. v novinách ap.) môžete často v kontexte súm a hodnôt naraziť na skratky K či k pre tisíce (z anglického kilo) a M či m pre milióny million. Napr. They spent $2.5M - “Utratili 2,5 milióna dolárov.”, It cost $15k. - “Stálo to 15 tisíc dolárov.” Podobne sa používa aj skratka B či bn pre miliardy (billion).

    Exercise 5

    • Odpovedzte celou vetou podľa pomôcok.

    11 Were there any problems? lots of
    5 How much did it cost? 2000 dollars
    10 Did you have a good time? great time
    13 When did you see him? last week
    7 What did they want? more money
    3 When did she come back? at 2 a.m.
    1 How often does he exercise? 3x a week
    9 What did you drink? only tea
    6 When is she coming back? on Friday
    8 Did he cause any problems? no problems
    2 How many dogs does she have? 2 dogs
    14 Did you travel by bus? no, hire a car
    4 What are we going to do? ask them for help
    12 What did she tell you? nothing

    Sloveso hire možno v britskej angličtine použiť aj na človeka a vec. V americkej angličtine sa ale hire užíva len na pracovníkov. Na prenájom vecí (požičiavanie za peniaze) sa v USA užíva rent. Napr.: We rented a car. - Požičali sme si auto. ap.

    Exercise 6

    • Tvorte vety opačného významu.

    3 I'm going to tell him.
    9 They could help us.
    2 She should tell them.
    10 We'll be able to come.
    6 There's too much water.
    5 She doesn't like travelling.
    4 You should eat less meat.
    8 There were more people.
    7 She's got a lot of friends.
    1 He speaks English.

    Exercise 7

    • Tvorte oznamovacie vety v prítomnom, budúcom a jednoduchom minulom čase.

    2 my parents, know
    5 I, give him, the money
    9 he, not like the food
    10 the car, be, not expensive
    1 he, speak about it
    8 our dog, not eat that
    6 she, sit between us
    3 she, send us, messages
    4 we, meet, on the bus
    7 we, spend weekends abroad

    Exercise 8

    • Povedzte po anglicky. Využite pomôcky.

    9 Pekne to vonia.
    smell
    3 Nech mi zavolá! (on)
    let, call
    2 Poďme ku mne (domov)!
    my place
    5 Nehovor mu o tom!
    tell
    8 Nehádajme sa!
    let, argue
    6 Požiadaj ju, nech príde.
    ask, come
    10 To je ale škoda!
    pity
    4 Vyzerá to zaujímavo.
    look
    1 To znie dobre!
    sound
    7 To bude omnoho lepšie.
    better

    Exercise 9

    • Upravte vety do času jednoduchého prítomného a jednoduchého minulého.

    2 Bob is trying hard.
    7 She's sleeping late.
    9 He's bringing her flowers.
    5 School is beginning.
    3 It's snowing.
    1 She's feeling good.
    8 I'm writing some e-mails.
    6 He's coming.
    4 She's making dinner.
    10 I'm drinking beer.

    Exercise 10

    • Doplňte 2. alebo 3. stupeň prídavných mien.

    10 You didn't try enough. You must try next time.
    9 He tried so hard. He really did his .
    11 He's good at tennis, but I am much .
    5 My idea was bad but his idea is even .
    12 There were only 9 people last time, but today there are even .
    1 He's tall but he isn't the boy in the family.
    2 My dog is big, but his dog is even .
    6 It's such a bad film! I think it's the film of all.
    8 It's very dangerous. You should be careful.
    3 He may be fast, but he isn't the in the world.
    7 Jane is so beautiful. She's the girl that I know.
    4 That house is expensive, but this house is much .

    Pozor na predložku: be good at ... - byť dobrý v... Napr.: He's good at it. - Ide mu to., Je v tom dobrý., I'm really bad at that. - To mi vôbec nejde. Slovo even sa používa na zdôraznenie ako slovenské ešte alebo dokonca či v zápore ani. Napr. He didn't even say goodbye. - Ani sa nerozlúčil. ap.

    Exercise 11

    • Použite gerundium na vytvorenie vety s rovnakým významom.

    7 It should be easy to repair.
    3 Music started to play.
    9 I dislike it when I have to wait.
    2 They love to sing.
    11 She works hard and she enjoys it.
    10 I hate it when people lie to me.
    6 He hates it when he gets up early.
    1 He likes to play games.
    8 It will be hard to solve.
    12 I can remember that he told her.
    5 We love it when we go out.
    4 He continued to read.

    Exercise 12

    • Preložte. Sústreďte sa na predložky.

    12 Go down this road.
    3 It's just around the corner.
    8 He lives in the flat above me.
    11 You can't take it on the plane.
    1 She left for work an hour ago.
    4 people aged between 30 and 50
    5 The worst is behind us.
    9 He sits in front of the TV.
    14 Someone's knocking at the door.
    7 What else do you like besides watching TV?
    13 We are open from 8 a.m. to 6 p.m.
    2 You are among friends.
    10 I'm ready for anything.
    6 I'll wait outside the shop.

    Zaklopať na niečo je síce po anglicky to knock on, napr. He knocked on the door., ale pokiaľ niekto stojí pri dverách a klope, použije sa bežne aj at the door. Fráza to answer the door potom znamená: (ísť) otvoriť (niekomu, kto klope, zvoní).

    Exercise 13

    • Vyberte správnu predložku.

    5 She asked me to/at/for it and I gave it for/to/at her.
    12 I'll make a reservation in/at/to the Marriott Hotel.
    11 What are you doing in/at/on Friday?
    13 Meet me on/to/at the airport in/at/on eight o'clock.
    7 She's afraid to/of/about flying.
    9 My birthday is at/on/in 3rd March.
    3 It's freezing outside. The temperature is under/below/behind zero.
    2 It's (a) quarter to/at/from six.
    8 Walk over/through/by the bridge and then turn left.
    10 We were at/in/on the seaside not on/in/at the mountains.
    4 There are lots of people at/in/about the streets.
    1 We'll meet at half to/after/past seven in/at/to my place.
    6 We often meet at/on/inside the bus or in/on/at the bus stop.

    Príkaz: Meet me ... možno preložiť ako Stretneme sa... (tam a tam).

    Užitočná fráza: without somebody's knowing - bez niečieho vedomia. Napr.: He did it without my knowing. - Urobil to bez môjho vedomia.

    Exercise 15

    • Spojte súvisiace výroky.

    • 1 Why did Jane leave?
    • 2 Can we go now?
    • 3 Did you tell anybody?
    • 4 Did you speak to Bob?
    • 5 Where did you meet?
    • 6 How often do you go there?
    • 7 Will you come to the party?
    • 8 Did you go on holiday?
    • 9 Does he have any siblings?
    • 10 How much did it cost?
    • b We met on the bus.
    • g Yes, I spoke to him last week.
    • j No, he's an only child.
    • d Yes, we went on a road trip.
    • i Usually twice a week.
    • f No, we'll have to wait.
    • a No, I told nobody.
    • h It wasn't very expensive.
    • c She had to go to work.
    • e No, I won't be able to.

    Road trip rəʊdtrɪp je dlhšia cesta pre zábavu podniknutá hl. autom. Napr.: We went on a road trip around the US. - Obišli sme autom USA.

    Exercise 16

    • Vyberte správne slovo.

    7 There were less/fewer people.
    19 How many/much beers did you have?
    14 There was few/little rain last year.
    18 Are there any other/another ideas?
    3 There will be many/much people.
    1 How many/much will it cost?
    13 He made much/many mistakes.
    16 It'll be many/much better.
    17 He should get other/another chance.
    8 I have only little/a few friends.
    4 I tried it many/much times.
    10 How many/much water do you drink every day?
    12 I speak very little/few English.
    2 He doesn't eat many/much meat.
    11 There are little/few cars in the streets.
    5 There wasn't very/much time.
    6 That's too much/many money.
    9 It should take only little/few time.
    15 He causes too many/much trouble.

    Látkové podstatné mená ako tea, coffee, beer ap., sú síce všeobecne nepočítateľné, ale ak hovoríme o konkrétnych porciách, druhoch ap., ide už o slovo počítateľné. Takže napr.: You drink too much coffee., ale I had too many coffees., podobne I drank too much beer., ale How many beers did you have? ap.

    Exercise 17

    • Preložte pomocou účelového neurčitku.

    9 Učím sa po anglicky, aby som rozumel cudzincom. learn, understand, foreigner
    8 Chcem, aby si to urobil hneď. want you, do, right now
    5 Som tu, aby som sa s ňou porozprával. speak to
    10 Musíme sa poponáhľať, aby sme tam boli včas. hurry, in time
    7 Povedz im, aby na nás nečakali. tell, wait
    13 Žiadala ma, aby som jej dal ďalšiu šancu. ask, give, chance
    2 Povedz jej, nech počká. tell, wait
    6 Potrebujem, aby si mi pomohol. need you, help
    3 Volám, aby som ti povedal... call, tell
    11 Zavolám bratovi, aby ma odviezol na letisko. call, take, to the airport
    1 Požiadaj ho, aby mi to poslal. ask, send
    4 Aby si mal peniaze, musíš pracovať. work, have money
    12 Beriem si taxík, aby som neprišiel neskoro. take, taxi, be late

    By chance znamená náhodou. They met by chance. - Stretli sa náhodou.

    Exercise 18

    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    2 If you aren't sure, you had/should/shall ask somebody.
    9 If you drink 5 beers, you'll be tall/drunk/broken.
    7 If you don't know what to do, ask everybody/somebody/nobody.
    10 If you're tired, you should have a look/rest/pity.
    13 Don't open the door unless you feel/know/smell the person behind it.
    3 If he's so smart, why isn't he tall/rich/broken?
    8 It's early. If you call him now, you'll spend/wake/keep him.
    4 If it is hot/cold/late, I will wear a coat.
    11 If you don't have a phone, you can use my/me/mine.
    1 If you eat too much, you will be smart/fat/rich.
    6 She'll like you more if you leave/quit/let smoking.
    12 If it's expensive/broken/lost, someone should repair it.
    5 How can he know that if somebody/nobody/everybody told him?

    Nezamieňajte anglické feel (cítiť - dotykom, mať pocit) a smell (cítiť čuchom)! Napr.: Can you smell it? - “Cítiš to?”. Sloveso smell of ... je v angličtine všeobecne neutrálne (znamená byť cítiť čím) napr. It smells of petrol. - “Je to cítiť benzínom.”, smell good/nice je voňať a smell bad je páchnuť, smrdieť. V niektorých prípadoch však má už samotné smell negatívny kontext. Napr.: Your feet smell! - “Smrdia ti nohy!”, His breath smells. - “Páchne mu z úst.” ap.

    Exercise 19

    • Doplňte slova: soon, early, late, later, in time

    1 He just left for a minute. He should be back .
    8 She lived there in the 1990s. It was around 1992.
    2 Last time he was late and today he's . He's never on time.
    3 I'm leaving home now. I'll be there .
    10 We agreed to meet at 6 and it's 6:20. You are again!
    7 He went to bed late. Don't wake him too .
    4 I have no time now. I'll look at it .
    6 I hate people being late, so be there .
    5 He'll call me in an hour, so we should know .
    9 Please let me know as as possible!

    Agree with... je súhlasiť s..., ale spojenie: agree on ... alebo tiež agree to (do) ... znamená skôr dohodnúť sa na... (niečom). Agreed! əˈgriːd je po slovensky Platí!, Dohodnuté! či Súhlasím!

    Exercise 20

    • Doplňte podľa kontextu tvary slovesa do alebo make.

    14 He it to her happy.
    5 I need to a phone call.
    15 Stop fun of me!
    4 You should your homework now.
    9 Can you a reservation for me? I'll my best.
    3 She's dinner just now.
    10 Please sure that you have enough money.
    8 How much money does he ?
    1 You are a big mistake!
    12 Who's going to the shopping?
    11 I only have 10 dollars. Will it ? - No, it costs 15 dollars.
    2 What are you here? Are you waiting for someone?
    7 It doesn't sense. I get it.
    6 Do you any sports?
    13 We're late but we can still it in time.

    Všimnite si, ako sa anglické sloveso do spája s podstatnými menami končiacimi na -ing (často gerundiom). Vzniká tak veľa užitočných ustálených spojení ako napr. do the washing up - umyť riad, do the cleaning - upratať, Let me do the talking. - Nechaj hovoriť mňa., I did a lot of thinking. - Veľa som premýšľal. ap.

    Exercise 21

    • Povedzte po anglicky. Použite gerundium, kde je to možné.

    6 Kedy to dopíšeš? finish, write
    10 Chýba mi život na vidieku. miss, live in the country
    4 Skúšaj to ďalej! keep, try
    5 Ona mi stále volá. keep, call, all the time
    2 Radšej cestujem vlakom. prefer, travel by train
    9 Nezmienil sa, že pôjde do Londýna. mention, go to London
    1 Rád pozeráš televíziu? watch TV
    7 Vieš si predstaviť, že by si tu zostal? imagine, stay
    8 Mrzí ma, že som to povedal. be sorry for, say that
    3 Je to lepšie než sedieť doma. sit at home

    Sloveso miss možno po slovensky preložiť ako chýbať, treba ale dávať pozor na obrátenie podmetu a predmetu! Napr.: I miss you. - Chýbaš mi., He misses his friends. - Chýbajú mu jeho priatelia., I'm missing two books. - Chýbajú mi dve knihy. Pozor! Podstatné meno Miss je po slovensky slečna (pred menom ap.).

    Exercise 22

    • Vyberte správne slovo podľa výkladu.

    4 The son of a man's daughter is his: grandpa/grandparent/grandson
    3 If children are brothers or sisters, the are siblings/relatives/married
    9 If a woman's husband dies, she is: divorced/an orphan/a widow
    8 A child with no parents is: a widow/an orphan/a sibling
    6 A man who is not married is: free/single/double
    1 Your mother and father are your: siblings/parents/husbands
    5 A husband and his wife are: married/widowed/single
    7 A person with no siblings is: an only child/a widow/a learner
    10 If two people were married but they aren't married now, they are: husbands/widowed/divorced
    2 The mother of your father is your: grandfather/grandmother/daughter

    Exercise 23

    • Doplňte podľa kontextu other, another alebo else.

    4 What things do you like?
    10 George is just New Yorker visiting London.
    7 Is there anything I can do for you?
    8 I'll come time.
    1 Why do you need car?
    3 What will you need?
    5 Let's go somewhere .
    9 Nobody knows that.
    2 What do people think?
    6 We will find some place.

    Koncovka -er sa používa aj na tvorenie názvov obyvateľov istého mesta či miesta. Napr.: Londoner ˈlʌndənə (Londýnčan), New Yorker njuː jɔːkə (Newyorčan), village (dedina) - villager ˈvɪlɪdʒə (dedinčan), island (ostrov) - islander ˈaɪləndə (ostrovan) ap. Nemožno ju však takto použiť vždy! Napr. Parížan je Parisian pəˈrɪzɪən, Riman je Roman ˈrəʊmən ap.

    Exercise 24

    • Preložte.

    20 Prezreli sme si pamiatky.
    18 Nemohol som to nájsť.
    9 Vyzerá to dobre.
    6 Ideš s nami?
    13 John tam chodí každý deň.
    14 Nesmie o tom vedieť.
    5 Mal som veľa práce.
    11 Nepotrebujem to.
    3 Chodí do práce autom.
    8 Kto ti to povedal?
    17 Museli sme čakať.
    12 Idem nakupovať.
    2 Mohli by ste mi pomôcť?
    4 Prečo si mi to neposlal?
    19 Nebudem môcť prísť.
    7 Mal by si jej zavolať.
    1 Kde si včera bol?
    16 Strávili sme týždeň pri mori.
    15 Prídem o pol šiestej.
    10 Koľko to stojí?

    Slovo sightseeing je zloženinou slov sights (pamiatky, pamätihodnosti) a seeing (videnie, pozeranie), teda “prezeranie pamiatok”. Places to visit sú miesta, ktoré sa oplatí navštíviť.