Exercises

Exercise 1

    • Preložte do slovenčiny.

    19 That sounds interesting.
    11 I'll pick you up at the airport.
    16 Shall we sit down?
    17 I spent an hour looking for it.
    1 What are you watching?
    10 What time does your plane land?
    13 Let's go shopping!
    8 We met several times.
    15 He doesn't care about her.
    18 There's no need to worry.
    6 It'll be best to take a taxi.
    5 He tries hard to be the best.
    9 Is this your first time here?
    14 She keeps talking about it.
    3 Tell him not to buy it.
    12 She never speaks to me.
    20 It feels great!
    7 It was nice meeting you.
    2 Take a look at this!
    4 She knew nothing about it.

    Feel je cítiť alebo cítiť sa, ale možno ho použiť aj keď opisujeme, aký pocit niečo vyvoláva. Napr. It feels good. - Je to dobrý pocit., It feels cold. - Chladí to.

    Exercise 2

    • Odpovedzte celou vetou kladne a potom záporne.

    4 Have you got any money?
    10 Am I right?
    7 Do they agree?
    6 Will you be there?
    2 Does he know?
    5 Is she coming too?
    3 Can they help us?
    1 Are you hungry?
    8 Should I tell her?
    9 Could he do it for us?

    Right znamená správny či správne. Možno ho ale tiež použiť v uisťovacích otázkach. Napr. Is that right? - Je to tak? či iba Right? - Že (áno)?

    Exercise 3

    • Tvorte otázky. Pýtajte sa na zvýraznené slová.

    9 He goes there twice a week.
    11 He's got no children.
    7 Bob broke his leg last week.
    10 We got there at seven.
    1 I'm watching the news.
    12 It's going to take a week.
    8 She's afraid of flying.
    4 We'll meet on Wednesday.
    2 Frank is coming too.
    3 They're going to arrange it.
    5 It costs twenty dollars.
    6 Only ten people came there.

    Exercise 4

    • Napíšte po anglicky celými slovami číselné údaje.

    12 phone number 670098883
    13 Charles II and Henry VIII
    11 bus number 102
    10 in the 1980s
    1 on May 1st and 26th
    3 246 people
    6 0.05 seconds
    8 9,756,004
    5 4.6,000,000
    9 in the year 2015
    7 35,785
    2 He was 52nd.
    4 3,500

    V písanej angličtine (hl. v novinách ap.) môžete často v kontexte súm a hodnôt naraziť na skratky K či k pre tisíce (z anglického kilo) a M či m pre milióny million. Napr. They spent $2.5M - “Utratili 2,5 milióna dolárov.”, It cost $15k. - “Stálo to 15 tisíc dolárov.” Podobne sa používa aj skratka B či bn pre miliardy (billion).

    Exercise 5

    • Odpovedzte celou vetou podľa pomôcok.

    1 How often does he exercise? 3x a week
    11 Were there any problems? lots of
    4 What are we going to do? ask them for help
    10 Did you have a good time? great time
    2 How many dogs does she have? 2 dogs
    7 What did they want? more money
    9 What did you drink? only tea
    3 When did she come back? at 2 a.m.
    5 How much did it cost? 2000 dollars
    14 Did you travel by bus? no, hire a car
    12 What did she tell you? nothing
    13 When did you see him? last week
    8 Did he cause any problems? no problems
    6 When is she coming back? on Friday

    Sloveso hire možno v britskej angličtine použiť aj na človeka a vec. V americkej angličtine sa ale hire užíva len na pracovníkov. Na prenájom vecí (požičiavanie za peniaze) sa v USA užíva rent. Napr.: We rented a car. - Požičali sme si auto. ap.

    Exercise 6

    • Tvorte vety opačného významu.

    5 She doesn't like travelling.
    1 He speaks English.
    9 They could help us.
    2 She should tell them.
    10 We'll be able to come.
    3 I'm going to tell him.
    7 She's got a lot of friends.
    4 You should eat less meat.
    6 There's too much water.
    8 There were more people.

    Exercise 7

    • Tvorte oznamovacie vety v prítomnom, budúcom a jednoduchom minulom čase.

    1 he, speak about it
    2 my parents, know
    10 the car, be, not expensive
    3 she, send us, messages
    5 I, give him, the money
    8 our dog, not eat that
    9 he, not like the food
    7 we, spend weekends abroad
    4 we, meet, on the bus
    6 she, sit between us

    Exercise 8

    • Povedzte po anglicky. Využite pomôcky.

    7 To bude omnoho lepšie.
    better
    4 Vyzerá to zaujímavo.
    look
    8 Nehádajme sa!
    let, argue
    2 Poďme ku mne (domov)!
    my place
    3 Nech mi zavolá! (on)
    let, call
    6 Požiadaj ju, nech príde.
    ask, come
    10 To je ale škoda!
    pity
    1 To znie dobre!
    sound
    5 Nehovor mu o tom!
    tell
    9 Pekne to vonia.
    smell

    Exercise 9

    • Upravte vety do času jednoduchého prítomného a jednoduchého minulého.

    2 Bob is trying hard.
    6 He's coming.
    10 I'm drinking beer.
    7 She's sleeping late.
    4 She's making dinner.
    1 She's feeling good.
    8 I'm writing some e-mails.
    3 It's snowing.
    9 He's bringing her flowers.
    5 School is beginning.

    Exercise 10

    • Doplňte 2. alebo 3. stupeň prídavných mien.

    1 He's tall but he isn't the boy in the family.
    12 There were only 9 people last time, but today there are even .
    11 He's good at tennis, but I am much .
    10 You didn't try enough. You must try next time.
    9 He tried so hard. He really did his .
    7 Jane is so beautiful. She's the girl that I know.
    3 He may be fast, but he isn't the in the world.
    8 It's very dangerous. You should be careful.
    5 My idea was bad but his idea is even .
    2 My dog is big, but his dog is even .
    4 That house is expensive, but this house is much .
    6 It's such a bad film! I think it's the film of all.

    Pozor na predložku: be good at ... - byť dobrý v... Napr.: He's good at it. - Ide mu to., Je v tom dobrý., I'm really bad at that. - To mi vôbec nejde. Slovo even sa používa na zdôraznenie ako slovenské ešte alebo dokonca či v zápore ani. Napr. He didn't even say goodbye. - Ani sa nerozlúčil. ap.

    Exercise 11

    • Použite gerundium na vytvorenie vety s rovnakým významom.

    9 I dislike it when I have to wait.
    5 We love it when we go out.
    7 It should be easy to repair.
    3 Music started to play.
    2 They love to sing.
    11 She works hard and she enjoys it.
    1 He likes to play games.
    4 He continued to read.
    12 I can remember that he told her.
    8 It will be hard to solve.
    10 I hate it when people lie to me.
    6 He hates it when he gets up early.

    Exercise 12

    • Preložte. Sústreďte sa na predložky.

    10 I'm ready for anything.
    4 people aged between 30 and 50
    9 He sits in front of the TV.
    14 Someone's knocking at the door.
    11 You can't take it on the plane.
    2 You are among friends.
    5 The worst is behind us.
    8 He lives in the flat above me.
    6 I'll wait outside the shop.
    3 It's just around the corner.
    13 We are open from 8 a.m. to 6 p.m.
    12 Go down this road.
    1 She left for work an hour ago.
    7 What else do you like besides watching TV?

    Zaklopať na niečo je síce po anglicky to knock on, napr. He knocked on the door., ale pokiaľ niekto stojí pri dverách a klope, použije sa bežne aj at the door. Fráza to answer the door potom znamená: (ísť) otvoriť (niekomu, kto klope, zvoní).

    Exercise 13

    • Vyberte správnu predložku.

    8 Walk over/through/by the bridge and then turn left.
    1 We'll meet at half to/after/past seven in/at/to my place.
    5 She asked me to/at/for it and I gave it for/to/at her.
    4 There are lots of people at/in/about the streets.
    2 It's (a) quarter to/at/from six.
    3 It's freezing outside. The temperature is under/below/behind zero.
    6 We often meet at/on/inside the bus or in/on/at the bus stop.
    13 Meet me on/to/at the airport in/at/on eight o'clock.
    10 We were at/in/on the seaside not on/in/at the mountains.
    7 She's afraid to/of/about flying.
    12 I'll make a reservation in/at/to the Marriott Hotel.
    11 What are you doing in/at/on Friday?
    9 My birthday is at/on/in 3rd March.

    Príkaz: Meet me ... možno preložiť ako Stretneme sa... (tam a tam).

    Užitočná fráza: without somebody's knowing - bez niečieho vedomia. Napr.: He did it without my knowing. - Urobil to bez môjho vedomia.

    Exercise 15

    • Spojte súvisiace výroky.

    • 1 Why did Jane leave?
    • 2 Can we go now?
    • 3 Did you tell anybody?
    • 4 Did you speak to Bob?
    • 5 Where did you meet?
    • 6 How often do you go there?
    • 7 Will you come to the party?
    • 8 Did you go on holiday?
    • 9 Does he have any siblings?
    • 10 How much did it cost?
    • d Yes, we went on a road trip.
    • a No, I told nobody.
    • c She had to go to work.
    • i Usually twice a week.
    • f No, we'll have to wait.
    • b We met on the bus.
    • e No, I won't be able to.
    • j No, he's an only child.
    • h It wasn't very expensive.
    • g Yes, I spoke to him last week.

    Road trip rəʊdtrɪp je dlhšia cesta pre zábavu podniknutá hl. autom. Napr.: We went on a road trip around the US. - Obišli sme autom USA.

    Exercise 16

    • Vyberte správne slovo.

    14 There was few/little rain last year.
    17 He should get other/another chance.
    4 I tried it many/much times.
    13 He made much/many mistakes.
    5 There wasn't very/much time.
    18 Are there any other/another ideas?
    1 How many/much will it cost?
    16 It'll be many/much better.
    7 There were less/fewer people.
    2 He doesn't eat many/much meat.
    9 It should take only little/few time.
    6 That's too much/many money.
    8 I have only little/a few friends.
    11 There are little/few cars in the streets.
    3 There will be many/much people.
    19 How many/much beers did you have?
    12 I speak very little/few English.
    10 How many/much water do you drink every day?
    15 He causes too many/much trouble.

    Látkové podstatné mená ako tea, coffee, beer ap., sú síce všeobecne nepočítateľné, ale ak hovoríme o konkrétnych porciách, druhoch ap., ide už o slovo počítateľné. Takže napr.: You drink too much coffee., ale I had too many coffees., podobne I drank too much beer., ale How many beers did you have? ap.

    Exercise 17

    • Preložte pomocou účelového neurčitku.

    9 Učím sa po anglicky, aby som rozumel cudzincom. learn, understand, foreigner
    2 Povedz jej, nech počká. tell, wait
    11 Zavolám bratovi, aby ma odviezol na letisko. call, take, to the airport
    6 Potrebujem, aby si mi pomohol. need you, help
    1 Požiadaj ho, aby mi to poslal. ask, send
    13 Žiadala ma, aby som jej dal ďalšiu šancu. ask, give, chance
    7 Povedz im, aby na nás nečakali. tell, wait
    4 Aby si mal peniaze, musíš pracovať. work, have money
    3 Volám, aby som ti povedal... call, tell
    8 Chcem, aby si to urobil hneď. want you, do, right now
    5 Som tu, aby som sa s ňou porozprával. speak to
    10 Musíme sa poponáhľať, aby sme tam boli včas. hurry, in time
    12 Beriem si taxík, aby som neprišiel neskoro. take, taxi, be late

    By chance znamená náhodou. They met by chance. - Stretli sa náhodou.

    Exercise 18

    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    6 She'll like you more if you leave/quit/let smoking.
    11 If you don't have a phone, you can use my/me/mine.
    12 If it's expensive/broken/lost, someone should repair it.
    3 If he's so smart, why isn't he tall/rich/broken?
    5 How can he know that if somebody/nobody/everybody told him?
    2 If you aren't sure, you had/should/shall ask somebody.
    9 If you drink 5 beers, you'll be tall/drunk/broken.
    8 It's early. If you call him now, you'll spend/wake/keep him.
    13 Don't open the door unless you feel/know/smell the person behind it.
    4 If it is hot/cold/late, I will wear a coat.
    10 If you're tired, you should have a look/rest/pity.
    1 If you eat too much, you will be smart/fat/rich.
    7 If you don't know what to do, ask everybody/somebody/nobody.

    Nezamieňajte anglické feel (cítiť - dotykom, mať pocit) a smell (cítiť čuchom)! Napr.: Can you smell it? - “Cítiš to?”. Sloveso smell of ... je v angličtine všeobecne neutrálne (znamená byť cítiť čím) napr. It smells of petrol. - “Je to cítiť benzínom.”, smell good/nice je voňať a smell bad je páchnuť, smrdieť. V niektorých prípadoch však má už samotné smell negatívny kontext. Napr.: Your feet smell! - “Smrdia ti nohy!”, His breath smells. - “Páchne mu z úst.” ap.

    Exercise 19

    • Doplňte slova: soon, early, late, later, in time

    9 Please let me know as as possible!
    7 He went to bed late. Don't wake him too .
    4 I have no time now. I'll look at it .
    10 We agreed to meet at 6 and it's 6:20. You are again!
    1 He just left for a minute. He should be back .
    3 I'm leaving home now. I'll be there .
    2 Last time he was late and today he's . He's never on time.
    5 He'll call me in an hour, so we should know .
    8 She lived there in the 1990s. It was around 1992.
    6 I hate people being late, so be there .

    Agree with... je súhlasiť s..., ale spojenie: agree on ... alebo tiež agree to (do) ... znamená skôr dohodnúť sa na... (niečom). Agreed! əˈgriːd je po slovensky Platí!, Dohodnuté! či Súhlasím!

    Exercise 20

    • Doplňte podľa kontextu tvary slovesa do alebo make.

    14 He it to her happy.
    9 Can you a reservation for me? I'll my best.
    4 You should your homework now.
    5 I need to a phone call.
    15 Stop fun of me!
    1 You are a big mistake!
    3 She's dinner just now.
    7 It doesn't sense. I get it.
    10 Please sure that you have enough money.
    6 Do you any sports?
    13 We're late but we can still it in time.
    11 I only have 10 dollars. Will it ? - No, it costs 15 dollars.
    12 Who's going to the shopping?
    2 What are you here? Are you waiting for someone?
    8 How much money does he ?

    Všimnite si, ako sa anglické sloveso do spája s podstatnými menami končiacimi na -ing (často gerundiom). Vzniká tak veľa užitočných ustálených spojení ako napr. do the washing up - umyť riad, do the cleaning - upratať, Let me do the talking. - Nechaj hovoriť mňa., I did a lot of thinking. - Veľa som premýšľal. ap.

    Exercise 21

    • Povedzte po anglicky. Použite gerundium, kde je to možné.

    3 Je to lepšie než sedieť doma. sit at home
    5 Ona mi stále volá. keep, call, all the time
    8 Mrzí ma, že som to povedal. be sorry for, say that
    1 Rád pozeráš televíziu? watch TV
    9 Nezmienil sa, že pôjde do Londýna. mention, go to London
    2 Radšej cestujem vlakom. prefer, travel by train
    6 Kedy to dopíšeš? finish, write
    10 Chýba mi život na vidieku. miss, live in the country
    4 Skúšaj to ďalej! keep, try
    7 Vieš si predstaviť, že by si tu zostal? imagine, stay

    Sloveso miss možno po slovensky preložiť ako chýbať, treba ale dávať pozor na obrátenie podmetu a predmetu! Napr.: I miss you. - Chýbaš mi., He misses his friends. - Chýbajú mu jeho priatelia., I'm missing two books. - Chýbajú mi dve knihy. Pozor! Podstatné meno Miss je po slovensky slečna (pred menom ap.).

    Exercise 22

    • Vyberte správne slovo podľa výkladu.

    4 The son of a man's daughter is his: grandpa/grandparent/grandson
    9 If a woman's husband dies, she is: divorced/an orphan/a widow
    8 A child with no parents is: a widow/an orphan/a sibling
    1 Your mother and father are your: siblings/parents/husbands
    2 The mother of your father is your: grandfather/grandmother/daughter
    6 A man who is not married is: free/single/double
    7 A person with no siblings is: an only child/a widow/a learner
    10 If two people were married but they aren't married now, they are: husbands/widowed/divorced
    5 A husband and his wife are: married/widowed/single
    3 If children are brothers or sisters, the are siblings/relatives/married

    Exercise 23

    • Doplňte podľa kontextu other, another alebo else.

    1 Why do you need car?
    7 Is there anything I can do for you?
    8 I'll come time.
    3 What will you need?
    4 What things do you like?
    10 George is just New Yorker visiting London.
    9 Nobody knows that.
    5 Let's go somewhere .
    6 We will find some place.
    2 What do people think?

    Koncovka -er sa používa aj na tvorenie názvov obyvateľov istého mesta či miesta. Napr.: Londoner ˈlʌndənə (Londýnčan), New Yorker njuː jɔːkə (Newyorčan), village (dedina) - villager ˈvɪlɪdʒə (dedinčan), island (ostrov) - islander ˈaɪləndə (ostrovan) ap. Nemožno ju však takto použiť vždy! Napr. Parížan je Parisian pəˈrɪzɪən, Riman je Roman ˈrəʊmən ap.

    Exercise 24

    • Preložte.

    13 John tam chodí každý deň.
    9 Vyzerá to dobre.
    1 Kde si včera bol?
    6 Ideš s nami?
    8 Kto ti to povedal?
    12 Idem nakupovať.
    5 Mal som veľa práce.
    3 Chodí do práce autom.
    2 Mohli by ste mi pomôcť?
    19 Nebudem môcť prísť.
    18 Nemohol som to nájsť.
    20 Prezreli sme si pamiatky.
    15 Prídem o pol šiestej.
    11 Nepotrebujem to.
    4 Prečo si mi to neposlal?
    16 Strávili sme týždeň pri mori.
    14 Nesmie o tom vedieť.
    7 Mal by si jej zavolať.
    17 Museli sme čakať.
    10 Koľko to stojí?

    Slovo sightseeing je zloženinou slov sights (pamiatky, pamätihodnosti) a seeing (videnie, pozeranie), teda “prezeranie pamiatok”. Places to visit sú miesta, ktoré sa oplatí navštíviť.