Exercises

Exercise 1

    • Preložte do slovenčiny.

    13 Let's go shopping!
    6 It'll be best to take a taxi.
    5 He tries hard to be the best.
    12 She never speaks to me.
    7 It was nice meeting you.
    20 It feels great!
    17 I spent an hour looking for it.
    11 I'll pick you up at the airport.
    10 What time does your plane land?
    19 That sounds interesting.
    14 She keeps talking about it.
    2 Take a look at this!
    8 We met several times.
    3 Tell him not to buy it.
    16 Shall we sit down?
    1 What are you watching?
    18 There's no need to worry.
    4 She knew nothing about it.
    9 Is this your first time here?
    15 He doesn't care about her.

    Feel je cítiť alebo cítiť sa, ale možno ho použiť aj keď opisujeme, aký pocit niečo vyvoláva. Napr. It feels good. - Je to dobrý pocit., It feels cold. - Chladí to.

    Exercise 2

    • Odpovedzte celou vetou kladne a potom záporne.

    3 Can they help us?
    6 Will you be there?
    7 Do they agree?
    1 Are you hungry?
    10 Am I right?
    9 Could he do it for us?
    5 Is she coming too?
    4 Have you got any money?
    2 Does he know?
    8 Should I tell her?

    Right znamená správny či správne. Možno ho ale tiež použiť v uisťovacích otázkach. Napr. Is that right? - Je to tak? či iba Right? - Že (áno)?

    Exercise 3

    • Tvorte otázky. Pýtajte sa na zvýraznené slová.

    3 They're going to arrange it.
    9 He goes there twice a week.
    4 We'll meet on Wednesday.
    12 It's going to take a week.
    11 He's got no children.
    5 It costs twenty dollars.
    8 She's afraid of flying.
    7 Bob broke his leg last week.
    6 Only ten people came there.
    10 We got there at seven.
    1 I'm watching the news.
    2 Frank is coming too.

    Exercise 4

    • Napíšte po anglicky celými slovami číselné údaje.

    11 bus number 102
    1 on May 1st and 26th
    12 phone number 670098883
    5 4.6,000,000
    3 246 people
    2 He was 52nd.
    6 0.05 seconds
    13 Charles II and Henry VIII
    9 in the year 2015
    10 in the 1980s
    4 3,500
    8 9,756,004
    7 35,785

    V písanej angličtine (hl. v novinách ap.) môžete často v kontexte súm a hodnôt naraziť na skratky K či k pre tisíce (z anglického kilo) a M či m pre milióny million. Napr. They spent $2.5M - “Utratili 2,5 milióna dolárov.”, It cost $15k. - “Stálo to 15 tisíc dolárov.” Podobne sa používa aj skratka B či bn pre miliardy (billion).

    Exercise 5

    • Odpovedzte celou vetou podľa pomôcok.

    10 Did you have a good time? great time
    8 Did he cause any problems? no problems
    12 What did she tell you? nothing
    4 What are we going to do? ask them for help
    11 Were there any problems? lots of
    2 How many dogs does she have? 2 dogs
    1 How often does he exercise? 3x a week
    7 What did they want? more money
    5 How much did it cost? 2000 dollars
    14 Did you travel by bus? no, hire a car
    6 When is she coming back? on Friday
    13 When did you see him? last week
    9 What did you drink? only tea
    3 When did she come back? at 2 a.m.

    Sloveso hire možno v britskej angličtine použiť aj na človeka a vec. V americkej angličtine sa ale hire užíva len na pracovníkov. Na prenájom vecí (požičiavanie za peniaze) sa v USA užíva rent. Napr.: We rented a car. - Požičali sme si auto. ap.

    Exercise 6

    • Tvorte vety opačného významu.

    6 There's too much water.
    10 We'll be able to come.
    1 He speaks English.
    9 They could help us.
    3 I'm going to tell him.
    5 She doesn't like travelling.
    7 She's got a lot of friends.
    4 You should eat less meat.
    2 She should tell them.
    8 There were more people.

    Exercise 7

    • Tvorte oznamovacie vety v prítomnom, budúcom a jednoduchom minulom čase.

    6 she, sit between us
    2 my parents, know
    10 the car, be, not expensive
    8 our dog, not eat that
    4 we, meet, on the bus
    1 he, speak about it
    7 we, spend weekends abroad
    5 I, give him, the money
    9 he, not like the food
    3 she, send us, messages

    Exercise 8

    • Povedzte po anglicky. Využite pomôcky.

    7 To bude omnoho lepšie.
    better
    8 Nehádajme sa!
    let, argue
    10 To je ale škoda!
    pity
    9 Pekne to vonia.
    smell
    1 To znie dobre!
    sound
    5 Nehovor mu o tom!
    tell
    2 Poďme ku mne (domov)!
    my place
    3 Nech mi zavolá! (on)
    let, call
    4 Vyzerá to zaujímavo.
    look
    6 Požiadaj ju, nech príde.
    ask, come

    Exercise 9

    • Upravte vety do času jednoduchého prítomného a jednoduchého minulého.

    1 She's feeling good.
    7 She's sleeping late.
    8 I'm writing some e-mails.
    4 She's making dinner.
    9 He's bringing her flowers.
    5 School is beginning.
    10 I'm drinking beer.
    2 Bob is trying hard.
    6 He's coming.
    3 It's snowing.

    Exercise 10

    • Doplňte 2. alebo 3. stupeň prídavných mien.

    2 My dog is big, but his dog is even .
    10 You didn't try enough. You must try next time.
    11 He's good at tennis, but I am much .
    4 That house is expensive, but this house is much .
    8 It's very dangerous. You should be careful.
    12 There were only 9 people last time, but today there are even .
    6 It's such a bad film! I think it's the film of all.
    3 He may be fast, but he isn't the in the world.
    7 Jane is so beautiful. She's the girl that I know.
    9 He tried so hard. He really did his .
    5 My idea was bad but his idea is even .
    1 He's tall but he isn't the boy in the family.

    Pozor na predložku: be good at ... - byť dobrý v... Napr.: He's good at it. - Ide mu to., Je v tom dobrý., I'm really bad at that. - To mi vôbec nejde. Slovo even sa používa na zdôraznenie ako slovenské ešte alebo dokonca či v zápore ani. Napr. He didn't even say goodbye. - Ani sa nerozlúčil. ap.

    Exercise 11

    • Použite gerundium na vytvorenie vety s rovnakým významom.

    9 I dislike it when I have to wait.
    12 I can remember that he told her.
    10 I hate it when people lie to me.
    6 He hates it when he gets up early.
    7 It should be easy to repair.
    3 Music started to play.
    1 He likes to play games.
    11 She works hard and she enjoys it.
    4 He continued to read.
    8 It will be hard to solve.
    5 We love it when we go out.
    2 They love to sing.

    Exercise 12

    • Preložte. Sústreďte sa na predložky.

    9 He sits in front of the TV.
    13 We are open from 8 a.m. to 6 p.m.
    8 He lives in the flat above me.
    1 She left for work an hour ago.
    6 I'll wait outside the shop.
    11 You can't take it on the plane.
    2 You are among friends.
    12 Go down this road.
    5 The worst is behind us.
    7 What else do you like besides watching TV?
    4 people aged between 30 and 50
    3 It's just around the corner.
    10 I'm ready for anything.
    14 Someone's knocking at the door.

    Zaklopať na niečo je síce po anglicky to knock on, napr. He knocked on the door., ale pokiaľ niekto stojí pri dverách a klope, použije sa bežne aj at the door. Fráza to answer the door potom znamená: (ísť) otvoriť (niekomu, kto klope, zvoní).

    Exercise 13

    • Vyberte správnu predložku.

    9 My birthday is at/on/in 3rd March.
    5 She asked me to/at/for it and I gave it for/to/at her.
    6 We often meet at/on/inside the bus or in/on/at the bus stop.
    13 Meet me on/to/at the airport in/at/on eight o'clock.
    2 It's (a) quarter to/at/from six.
    10 We were at/in/on the seaside not on/in/at the mountains.
    12 I'll make a reservation in/at/to the Marriott Hotel.
    1 We'll meet at half to/after/past seven in/at/to my place.
    8 Walk over/through/by the bridge and then turn left.
    7 She's afraid to/of/about flying.
    11 What are you doing in/at/on Friday?
    3 It's freezing outside. The temperature is under/below/behind zero.
    4 There are lots of people at/in/about the streets.

    Príkaz: Meet me ... možno preložiť ako Stretneme sa... (tam a tam).

    Užitočná fráza: without somebody's knowing - bez niečieho vedomia. Napr.: He did it without my knowing. - Urobil to bez môjho vedomia.

    Exercise 15

    • Spojte súvisiace výroky.

    • 1 Why did Jane leave?
    • 2 Can we go now?
    • 3 Did you tell anybody?
    • 4 Did you speak to Bob?
    • 5 Where did you meet?
    • 6 How often do you go there?
    • 7 Will you come to the party?
    • 8 Did you go on holiday?
    • 9 Does he have any siblings?
    • 10 How much did it cost?
    • b We met on the bus.
    • d Yes, we went on a road trip.
    • h It wasn't very expensive.
    • g Yes, I spoke to him last week.
    • i Usually twice a week.
    • c She had to go to work.
    • e No, I won't be able to.
    • j No, he's an only child.
    • a No, I told nobody.
    • f No, we'll have to wait.

    Road trip rəʊdtrɪp je dlhšia cesta pre zábavu podniknutá hl. autom. Napr.: We went on a road trip around the US. - Obišli sme autom USA.

    Exercise 16

    • Vyberte správne slovo.

    13 He made much/many mistakes.
    7 There were less/fewer people.
    19 How many/much beers did you have?
    17 He should get other/another chance.
    6 That's too much/many money.
    3 There will be many/much people.
    10 How many/much water do you drink every day?
    11 There are little/few cars in the streets.
    9 It should take only little/few time.
    16 It'll be many/much better.
    15 He causes too many/much trouble.
    4 I tried it many/much times.
    2 He doesn't eat many/much meat.
    1 How many/much will it cost?
    8 I have only little/a few friends.
    14 There was few/little rain last year.
    12 I speak very little/few English.
    18 Are there any other/another ideas?
    5 There wasn't very/much time.

    Látkové podstatné mená ako tea, coffee, beer ap., sú síce všeobecne nepočítateľné, ale ak hovoríme o konkrétnych porciách, druhoch ap., ide už o slovo počítateľné. Takže napr.: You drink too much coffee., ale I had too many coffees., podobne I drank too much beer., ale How many beers did you have? ap.

    Exercise 17

    • Preložte pomocou účelového neurčitku.

    3 Volám, aby som ti povedal... call, tell
    11 Zavolám bratovi, aby ma odviezol na letisko. call, take, to the airport
    9 Učím sa po anglicky, aby som rozumel cudzincom. learn, understand, foreigner
    10 Musíme sa poponáhľať, aby sme tam boli včas. hurry, in time
    5 Som tu, aby som sa s ňou porozprával. speak to
    6 Potrebujem, aby si mi pomohol. need you, help
    12 Beriem si taxík, aby som neprišiel neskoro. take, taxi, be late
    4 Aby si mal peniaze, musíš pracovať. work, have money
    1 Požiadaj ho, aby mi to poslal. ask, send
    13 Žiadala ma, aby som jej dal ďalšiu šancu. ask, give, chance
    7 Povedz im, aby na nás nečakali. tell, wait
    2 Povedz jej, nech počká. tell, wait
    8 Chcem, aby si to urobil hneď. want you, do, right now

    By chance znamená náhodou. They met by chance. - Stretli sa náhodou.

    Exercise 18

    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    8 It's early. If you call him now, you'll spend/wake/keep him.
    2 If you aren't sure, you had/should/shall ask somebody.
    5 How can he know that if somebody/nobody/everybody told him?
    13 Don't open the door unless you feel/know/smell the person behind it.
    12 If it's expensive/broken/lost, someone should repair it.
    10 If you're tired, you should have a look/rest/pity.
    6 She'll like you more if you leave/quit/let smoking.
    4 If it is hot/cold/late, I will wear a coat.
    1 If you eat too much, you will be smart/fat/rich.
    9 If you drink 5 beers, you'll be tall/drunk/broken.
    3 If he's so smart, why isn't he tall/rich/broken?
    7 If you don't know what to do, ask everybody/somebody/nobody.
    11 If you don't have a phone, you can use my/me/mine.

    Nezamieňajte anglické feel (cítiť - dotykom, mať pocit) a smell (cítiť čuchom)! Napr.: Can you smell it? - “Cítiš to?”. Sloveso smell of ... je v angličtine všeobecne neutrálne (znamená byť cítiť čím) napr. It smells of petrol. - “Je to cítiť benzínom.”, smell good/nice je voňať a smell bad je páchnuť, smrdieť. V niektorých prípadoch však má už samotné smell negatívny kontext. Napr.: Your feet smell! - “Smrdia ti nohy!”, His breath smells. - “Páchne mu z úst.” ap.

    Exercise 19

    • Doplňte slova: soon, early, late, later, in time

    4 I have no time now. I'll look at it .
    7 He went to bed late. Don't wake him too .
    10 We agreed to meet at 6 and it's 6:20. You are again!
    3 I'm leaving home now. I'll be there .
    6 I hate people being late, so be there .
    5 He'll call me in an hour, so we should know .
    8 She lived there in the 1990s. It was around 1992.
    9 Please let me know as as possible!
    2 Last time he was late and today he's . He's never on time.
    1 He just left for a minute. He should be back .

    Agree with... je súhlasiť s..., ale spojenie: agree on ... alebo tiež agree to (do) ... znamená skôr dohodnúť sa na... (niečom). Agreed! əˈgriːd je po slovensky Platí!, Dohodnuté! či Súhlasím!

    Exercise 20

    • Doplňte podľa kontextu tvary slovesa do alebo make.

    1 You are a big mistake!
    3 She's dinner just now.
    12 Who's going to the shopping?
    6 Do you any sports?
    9 Can you a reservation for me? I'll my best.
    4 You should your homework now.
    13 We're late but we can still it in time.
    15 Stop fun of me!
    5 I need to a phone call.
    2 What are you here? Are you waiting for someone?
    14 He it to her happy.
    8 How much money does he ?
    7 It doesn't sense. I get it.
    10 Please sure that you have enough money.
    11 I only have 10 dollars. Will it ? - No, it costs 15 dollars.

    Všimnite si, ako sa anglické sloveso do spája s podstatnými menami končiacimi na -ing (často gerundiom). Vzniká tak veľa užitočných ustálených spojení ako napr. do the washing up - umyť riad, do the cleaning - upratať, Let me do the talking. - Nechaj hovoriť mňa., I did a lot of thinking. - Veľa som premýšľal. ap.

    Exercise 21

    • Povedzte po anglicky. Použite gerundium, kde je to možné.

    9 Nezmienil sa, že pôjde do Londýna. mention, go to London
    1 Rád pozeráš televíziu? watch TV
    4 Skúšaj to ďalej! keep, try
    8 Mrzí ma, že som to povedal. be sorry for, say that
    6 Kedy to dopíšeš? finish, write
    3 Je to lepšie než sedieť doma. sit at home
    5 Ona mi stále volá. keep, call, all the time
    2 Radšej cestujem vlakom. prefer, travel by train
    10 Chýba mi život na vidieku. miss, live in the country
    7 Vieš si predstaviť, že by si tu zostal? imagine, stay

    Sloveso miss možno po slovensky preložiť ako chýbať, treba ale dávať pozor na obrátenie podmetu a predmetu! Napr.: I miss you. - Chýbaš mi., He misses his friends. - Chýbajú mu jeho priatelia., I'm missing two books. - Chýbajú mi dve knihy. Pozor! Podstatné meno Miss je po slovensky slečna (pred menom ap.).

    Exercise 22

    • Vyberte správne slovo podľa výkladu.

    4 The son of a man's daughter is his: grandpa/grandparent/grandson
    2 The mother of your father is your: grandfather/grandmother/daughter
    5 A husband and his wife are: married/widowed/single
    3 If children are brothers or sisters, the are siblings/relatives/married
    8 A child with no parents is: a widow/an orphan/a sibling
    6 A man who is not married is: free/single/double
    7 A person with no siblings is: an only child/a widow/a learner
    9 If a woman's husband dies, she is: divorced/an orphan/a widow
    1 Your mother and father are your: siblings/parents/husbands
    10 If two people were married but they aren't married now, they are: husbands/widowed/divorced

    Exercise 23

    • Doplňte podľa kontextu other, another alebo else.

    7 Is there anything I can do for you?
    5 Let's go somewhere .
    4 What things do you like?
    10 George is just New Yorker visiting London.
    3 What will you need?
    1 Why do you need car?
    8 I'll come time.
    6 We will find some place.
    9 Nobody knows that.
    2 What do people think?

    Koncovka -er sa používa aj na tvorenie názvov obyvateľov istého mesta či miesta. Napr.: Londoner ˈlʌndənə (Londýnčan), New Yorker njuː jɔːkə (Newyorčan), village (dedina) - villager ˈvɪlɪdʒə (dedinčan), island (ostrov) - islander ˈaɪləndə (ostrovan) ap. Nemožno ju však takto použiť vždy! Napr. Parížan je Parisian pəˈrɪzɪən, Riman je Roman ˈrəʊmən ap.

    Exercise 24

    • Preložte.

    12 Idem nakupovať.
    2 Mohli by ste mi pomôcť?
    3 Chodí do práce autom.
    14 Nesmie o tom vedieť.
    4 Prečo si mi to neposlal?
    11 Nepotrebujem to.
    19 Nebudem môcť prísť.
    10 Koľko to stojí?
    18 Nemohol som to nájsť.
    20 Prezreli sme si pamiatky.
    9 Vyzerá to dobre.
    5 Mal som veľa práce.
    16 Strávili sme týždeň pri mori.
    15 Prídem o pol šiestej.
    6 Ideš s nami?
    13 John tam chodí každý deň.
    1 Kde si včera bol?
    17 Museli sme čakať.
    8 Kto ti to povedal?
    7 Mal by si jej zavolať.

    Slovo sightseeing je zloženinou slov sights (pamiatky, pamätihodnosti) a seeing (videnie, pozeranie), teda “prezeranie pamiatok”. Places to visit sú miesta, ktoré sa oplatí navštíviť.