Exercises

Exercise 1

    • Preložte do slovenčiny.

    16 Shall we sit down?
    1 What are you watching?
    11 I'll pick you up at the airport.
    20 It feels great!
    15 He doesn't care about her.
    8 We met several times.
    9 Is this your first time here?
    18 There's no need to worry.
    19 That sounds interesting.
    17 I spent an hour looking for it.
    13 Let's go shopping!
    2 Take a look at this!
    7 It was nice meeting you.
    6 It'll be best to take a taxi.
    10 What time does your plane land?
    5 He tries hard to be the best.
    12 She never speaks to me.
    4 She knew nothing about it.
    3 Tell him not to buy it.
    14 She keeps talking about it.

    Feel je cítiť alebo cítiť sa, ale možno ho použiť aj keď opisujeme, aký pocit niečo vyvoláva. Napr. It feels good. - Je to dobrý pocit., It feels cold. - Chladí to.

    Exercise 2

    • Odpovedzte celou vetou kladne a potom záporne.

    2 Does he know?
    3 Can they help us?
    1 Are you hungry?
    6 Will you be there?
    10 Am I right?
    8 Should I tell her?
    7 Do they agree?
    5 Is she coming too?
    4 Have you got any money?
    9 Could he do it for us?

    Right znamená správny či správne. Možno ho ale tiež použiť v uisťovacích otázkach. Napr. Is that right? - Je to tak? či iba Right? - Že (áno)?

    Exercise 3

    • Tvorte otázky. Pýtajte sa na zvýraznené slová.

    4 We'll meet on Wednesday.
    12 It's going to take a week.
    10 We got there at seven.
    6 Only ten people came there.
    7 Bob broke his leg last week.
    5 It costs twenty dollars.
    11 He's got no children.
    2 Frank is coming too.
    8 She's afraid of flying.
    1 I'm watching the news.
    9 He goes there twice a week.
    3 They're going to arrange it.

    Exercise 4

    • Napíšte po anglicky celými slovami číselné údaje.

    6 0.05 seconds
    11 bus number 102
    7 35,785
    13 Charles II and Henry VIII
    1 on May 1st and 26th
    10 in the 1980s
    5 4.6,000,000
    3 246 people
    8 9,756,004
    9 in the year 2015
    2 He was 52nd.
    12 phone number 670098883
    4 3,500

    V písanej angličtine (hl. v novinách ap.) môžete často v kontexte súm a hodnôt naraziť na skratky K či k pre tisíce (z anglického kilo) a M či m pre milióny million. Napr. They spent $2.5M - “Utratili 2,5 milióna dolárov.”, It cost $15k. - “Stálo to 15 tisíc dolárov.” Podobne sa používa aj skratka B či bn pre miliardy (billion).

    Exercise 5

    • Odpovedzte celou vetou podľa pomôcok.

    4 What are we going to do? ask them for help
    8 Did he cause any problems? no problems
    1 How often does he exercise? 3x a week
    12 What did she tell you? nothing
    5 How much did it cost? 2000 dollars
    10 Did you have a good time? great time
    9 What did you drink? only tea
    2 How many dogs does she have? 2 dogs
    11 Were there any problems? lots of
    13 When did you see him? last week
    3 When did she come back? at 2 a.m.
    14 Did you travel by bus? no, hire a car
    6 When is she coming back? on Friday
    7 What did they want? more money

    Sloveso hire možno v britskej angličtine použiť aj na človeka a vec. V americkej angličtine sa ale hire užíva len na pracovníkov. Na prenájom vecí (požičiavanie za peniaze) sa v USA užíva rent. Napr.: We rented a car. - Požičali sme si auto. ap.

    Exercise 6

    • Tvorte vety opačného významu.

    4 You should eat less meat.
    8 There were more people.
    10 We'll be able to come.
    1 He speaks English.
    5 She doesn't like travelling.
    2 She should tell them.
    7 She's got a lot of friends.
    3 I'm going to tell him.
    9 They could help us.
    6 There's too much water.

    Exercise 7

    • Tvorte oznamovacie vety v prítomnom, budúcom a jednoduchom minulom čase.

    4 we, meet, on the bus
    2 my parents, know
    7 we, spend weekends abroad
    8 our dog, not eat that
    9 he, not like the food
    10 the car, be, not expensive
    5 I, give him, the money
    3 she, send us, messages
    6 she, sit between us
    1 he, speak about it

    Exercise 8

    • Povedzte po anglicky. Využite pomôcky.

    5 Nehovor mu o tom!
    tell
    6 Požiadaj ju, nech príde.
    ask, come
    3 Nech mi zavolá! (on)
    let, call
    8 Nehádajme sa!
    let, argue
    2 Poďme ku mne (domov)!
    my place
    9 Pekne to vonia.
    smell
    1 To znie dobre!
    sound
    10 To je ale škoda!
    pity
    4 Vyzerá to zaujímavo.
    look
    7 To bude omnoho lepšie.
    better

    Exercise 9

    • Upravte vety do času jednoduchého prítomného a jednoduchého minulého.

    5 School is beginning.
    4 She's making dinner.
    1 She's feeling good.
    10 I'm drinking beer.
    2 Bob is trying hard.
    3 It's snowing.
    7 She's sleeping late.
    9 He's bringing her flowers.
    8 I'm writing some e-mails.
    6 He's coming.

    Exercise 10

    • Doplňte 2. alebo 3. stupeň prídavných mien.

    2 My dog is big, but his dog is even .
    5 My idea was bad but his idea is even .
    4 That house is expensive, but this house is much .
    1 He's tall but he isn't the boy in the family.
    7 Jane is so beautiful. She's the girl that I know.
    12 There were only 9 people last time, but today there are even .
    9 He tried so hard. He really did his .
    11 He's good at tennis, but I am much .
    8 It's very dangerous. You should be careful.
    3 He may be fast, but he isn't the in the world.
    6 It's such a bad film! I think it's the film of all.
    10 You didn't try enough. You must try next time.

    Pozor na predložku: be good at ... - byť dobrý v... Napr.: He's good at it. - Ide mu to., Je v tom dobrý., I'm really bad at that. - To mi vôbec nejde. Slovo even sa používa na zdôraznenie ako slovenské ešte alebo dokonca či v zápore ani. Napr. He didn't even say goodbye. - Ani sa nerozlúčil. ap.

    Exercise 11

    • Použite gerundium na vytvorenie vety s rovnakým významom.

    9 I dislike it when I have to wait.
    10 I hate it when people lie to me.
    5 We love it when we go out.
    8 It will be hard to solve.
    11 She works hard and she enjoys it.
    6 He hates it when he gets up early.
    3 Music started to play.
    2 They love to sing.
    1 He likes to play games.
    4 He continued to read.
    12 I can remember that he told her.
    7 It should be easy to repair.

    Exercise 12

    • Preložte. Sústreďte sa na predložky.

    3 It's just around the corner.
    2 You are among friends.
    4 people aged between 30 and 50
    1 She left for work an hour ago.
    7 What else do you like besides watching TV?
    6 I'll wait outside the shop.
    5 The worst is behind us.
    12 Go down this road.
    8 He lives in the flat above me.
    11 You can't take it on the plane.
    14 Someone's knocking at the door.
    13 We are open from 8 a.m. to 6 p.m.
    9 He sits in front of the TV.
    10 I'm ready for anything.

    Zaklopať na niečo je síce po anglicky to knock on, napr. He knocked on the door., ale pokiaľ niekto stojí pri dverách a klope, použije sa bežne aj at the door. Fráza to answer the door potom znamená: (ísť) otvoriť (niekomu, kto klope, zvoní).

    Exercise 13

    • Vyberte správnu predložku.

    3 It's freezing outside. The temperature is under/below/behind zero.
    6 We often meet at/on/inside the bus or in/on/at the bus stop.
    13 Meet me on/to/at the airport in/at/on eight o'clock.
    1 We'll meet at half to/after/past seven in/at/to my place.
    10 We were at/in/on the seaside not on/in/at the mountains.
    5 She asked me to/at/for it and I gave it for/to/at her.
    8 Walk over/through/by the bridge and then turn left.
    4 There are lots of people at/in/about the streets.
    11 What are you doing in/at/on Friday?
    7 She's afraid to/of/about flying.
    12 I'll make a reservation in/at/to the Marriott Hotel.
    2 It's (a) quarter to/at/from six.
    9 My birthday is at/on/in 3rd March.

    Príkaz: Meet me ... možno preložiť ako Stretneme sa... (tam a tam).

    Užitočná fráza: without somebody's knowing - bez niečieho vedomia. Napr.: He did it without my knowing. - Urobil to bez môjho vedomia.

    Exercise 15

    • Spojte súvisiace výroky.

    • 1 Why did Jane leave?
    • 2 Can we go now?
    • 3 Did you tell anybody?
    • 4 Did you speak to Bob?
    • 5 Where did you meet?
    • 6 How often do you go there?
    • 7 Will you come to the party?
    • 8 Did you go on holiday?
    • 9 Does he have any siblings?
    • 10 How much did it cost?
    • i Usually twice a week.
    • h It wasn't very expensive.
    • g Yes, I spoke to him last week.
    • j No, he's an only child.
    • f No, we'll have to wait.
    • e No, I won't be able to.
    • c She had to go to work.
    • b We met on the bus.
    • d Yes, we went on a road trip.
    • a No, I told nobody.

    Road trip rəʊdtrɪp je dlhšia cesta pre zábavu podniknutá hl. autom. Napr.: We went on a road trip around the US. - Obišli sme autom USA.

    Exercise 16

    • Vyberte správne slovo.

    12 I speak very little/few English.
    6 That's too much/many money.
    19 How many/much beers did you have?
    1 How many/much will it cost?
    16 It'll be many/much better.
    13 He made much/many mistakes.
    15 He causes too many/much trouble.
    18 Are there any other/another ideas?
    8 I have only little/a few friends.
    11 There are little/few cars in the streets.
    9 It should take only little/few time.
    2 He doesn't eat many/much meat.
    10 How many/much water do you drink every day?
    17 He should get other/another chance.
    4 I tried it many/much times.
    5 There wasn't very/much time.
    14 There was few/little rain last year.
    3 There will be many/much people.
    7 There were less/fewer people.

    Látkové podstatné mená ako tea, coffee, beer ap., sú síce všeobecne nepočítateľné, ale ak hovoríme o konkrétnych porciách, druhoch ap., ide už o slovo počítateľné. Takže napr.: You drink too much coffee., ale I had too many coffees., podobne I drank too much beer., ale How many beers did you have? ap.

    Exercise 17

    • Preložte pomocou účelového neurčitku.

    10 Musíme sa poponáhľať, aby sme tam boli včas. hurry, in time
    13 Žiadala ma, aby som jej dal ďalšiu šancu. ask, give, chance
    7 Povedz im, aby na nás nečakali. tell, wait
    3 Volám, aby som ti povedal... call, tell
    2 Povedz jej, nech počká. tell, wait
    4 Aby si mal peniaze, musíš pracovať. work, have money
    8 Chcem, aby si to urobil hneď. want you, do, right now
    5 Som tu, aby som sa s ňou porozprával. speak to
    1 Požiadaj ho, aby mi to poslal. ask, send
    11 Zavolám bratovi, aby ma odviezol na letisko. call, take, to the airport
    9 Učím sa po anglicky, aby som rozumel cudzincom. learn, understand, foreigner
    6 Potrebujem, aby si mi pomohol. need you, help
    12 Beriem si taxík, aby som neprišiel neskoro. take, taxi, be late

    By chance znamená náhodou. They met by chance. - Stretli sa náhodou.

    Exercise 18

    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    10 If you're tired, you should have a look/rest/pity.
    1 If you eat too much, you will be smart/fat/rich.
    4 If it is hot/cold/late, I will wear a coat.
    9 If you drink 5 beers, you'll be tall/drunk/broken.
    11 If you don't have a phone, you can use my/me/mine.
    5 How can he know that if somebody/nobody/everybody told him?
    3 If he's so smart, why isn't he tall/rich/broken?
    12 If it's expensive/broken/lost, someone should repair it.
    6 She'll like you more if you leave/quit/let smoking.
    2 If you aren't sure, you had/should/shall ask somebody.
    8 It's early. If you call him now, you'll spend/wake/keep him.
    13 Don't open the door unless you feel/know/smell the person behind it.
    7 If you don't know what to do, ask everybody/somebody/nobody.

    Nezamieňajte anglické feel (cítiť - dotykom, mať pocit) a smell (cítiť čuchom)! Napr.: Can you smell it? - “Cítiš to?”. Sloveso smell of ... je v angličtine všeobecne neutrálne (znamená byť cítiť čím) napr. It smells of petrol. - “Je to cítiť benzínom.”, smell good/nice je voňať a smell bad je páchnuť, smrdieť. V niektorých prípadoch však má už samotné smell negatívny kontext. Napr.: Your feet smell! - “Smrdia ti nohy!”, His breath smells. - “Páchne mu z úst.” ap.

    Exercise 19

    • Doplňte slova: soon, early, late, later, in time

    6 I hate people being late, so be there .
    8 She lived there in the 1990s. It was around 1992.
    1 He just left for a minute. He should be back .
    3 I'm leaving home now. I'll be there .
    2 Last time he was late and today he's . He's never on time.
    9 Please let me know as as possible!
    5 He'll call me in an hour, so we should know .
    7 He went to bed late. Don't wake him too .
    10 We agreed to meet at 6 and it's 6:20. You are again!
    4 I have no time now. I'll look at it .

    Agree with... je súhlasiť s..., ale spojenie: agree on ... alebo tiež agree to (do) ... znamená skôr dohodnúť sa na... (niečom). Agreed! əˈgriːd je po slovensky Platí!, Dohodnuté! či Súhlasím!

    Exercise 20

    • Doplňte podľa kontextu tvary slovesa do alebo make.

    12 Who's going to the shopping?
    15 Stop fun of me!
    7 It doesn't sense. I get it.
    11 I only have 10 dollars. Will it ? - No, it costs 15 dollars.
    6 Do you any sports?
    9 Can you a reservation for me? I'll my best.
    2 What are you here? Are you waiting for someone?
    10 Please sure that you have enough money.
    14 He it to her happy.
    5 I need to a phone call.
    3 She's dinner just now.
    1 You are a big mistake!
    4 You should your homework now.
    8 How much money does he ?
    13 We're late but we can still it in time.

    Všimnite si, ako sa anglické sloveso do spája s podstatnými menami končiacimi na -ing (často gerundiom). Vzniká tak veľa užitočných ustálených spojení ako napr. do the washing up - umyť riad, do the cleaning - upratať, Let me do the talking. - Nechaj hovoriť mňa., I did a lot of thinking. - Veľa som premýšľal. ap.

    Exercise 21

    • Povedzte po anglicky. Použite gerundium, kde je to možné.

    10 Chýba mi život na vidieku. miss, live in the country
    3 Je to lepšie než sedieť doma. sit at home
    8 Mrzí ma, že som to povedal. be sorry for, say that
    1 Rád pozeráš televíziu? watch TV
    5 Ona mi stále volá. keep, call, all the time
    2 Radšej cestujem vlakom. prefer, travel by train
    9 Nezmienil sa, že pôjde do Londýna. mention, go to London
    4 Skúšaj to ďalej! keep, try
    7 Vieš si predstaviť, že by si tu zostal? imagine, stay
    6 Kedy to dopíšeš? finish, write

    Sloveso miss možno po slovensky preložiť ako chýbať, treba ale dávať pozor na obrátenie podmetu a predmetu! Napr.: I miss you. - Chýbaš mi., He misses his friends. - Chýbajú mu jeho priatelia., I'm missing two books. - Chýbajú mi dve knihy. Pozor! Podstatné meno Miss je po slovensky slečna (pred menom ap.).

    Exercise 22

    • Vyberte správne slovo podľa výkladu.

    4 The son of a man's daughter is his: grandpa/grandparent/grandson
    7 A person with no siblings is: an only child/a widow/a learner
    10 If two people were married but they aren't married now, they are: husbands/widowed/divorced
    6 A man who is not married is: free/single/double
    2 The mother of your father is your: grandfather/grandmother/daughter
    3 If children are brothers or sisters, the are siblings/relatives/married
    8 A child with no parents is: a widow/an orphan/a sibling
    9 If a woman's husband dies, she is: divorced/an orphan/a widow
    1 Your mother and father are your: siblings/parents/husbands
    5 A husband and his wife are: married/widowed/single

    Exercise 23

    • Doplňte podľa kontextu other, another alebo else.

    10 George is just New Yorker visiting London.
    9 Nobody knows that.
    1 Why do you need car?
    2 What do people think?
    5 Let's go somewhere .
    8 I'll come time.
    6 We will find some place.
    4 What things do you like?
    7 Is there anything I can do for you?
    3 What will you need?

    Koncovka -er sa používa aj na tvorenie názvov obyvateľov istého mesta či miesta. Napr.: Londoner ˈlʌndənə (Londýnčan), New Yorker njuː jɔːkə (Newyorčan), village (dedina) - villager ˈvɪlɪdʒə (dedinčan), island (ostrov) - islander ˈaɪləndə (ostrovan) ap. Nemožno ju však takto použiť vždy! Napr. Parížan je Parisian pəˈrɪzɪən, Riman je Roman ˈrəʊmən ap.

    Exercise 24

    • Preložte.

    3 Chodí do práce autom.
    13 John tam chodí každý deň.
    8 Kto ti to povedal?
    7 Mal by si jej zavolať.
    16 Strávili sme týždeň pri mori.
    4 Prečo si mi to neposlal?
    20 Prezreli sme si pamiatky.
    19 Nebudem môcť prísť.
    6 Ideš s nami?
    12 Idem nakupovať.
    18 Nemohol som to nájsť.
    5 Mal som veľa práce.
    11 Nepotrebujem to.
    10 Koľko to stojí?
    17 Museli sme čakať.
    14 Nesmie o tom vedieť.
    1 Kde si včera bol?
    15 Prídem o pol šiestej.
    2 Mohli by ste mi pomôcť?
    9 Vyzerá to dobre.

    Slovo sightseeing je zloženinou slov sights (pamiatky, pamätihodnosti) a seeing (videnie, pozeranie), teda “prezeranie pamiatok”. Places to visit sú miesta, ktoré sa oplatí navštíviť.