Exercises

Exercise 1

    • Preložte do slovenčiny.

    19 That sounds interesting.
    1 What are you watching?
    4 She knew nothing about it.
    17 I spent an hour looking for it.
    7 It was nice meeting you.
    9 Is this your first time here?
    16 Shall we sit down?
    11 I'll pick you up at the airport.
    14 She keeps talking about it.
    18 There's no need to worry.
    3 Tell him not to buy it.
    2 Take a look at this!
    6 It'll be best to take a taxi.
    8 We met several times.
    20 It feels great!
    13 Let's go shopping!
    5 He tries hard to be the best.
    10 What time does your plane land?
    12 She never speaks to me.
    15 He doesn't care about her.

    Feel je cítiť alebo cítiť sa, ale možno ho použiť aj keď opisujeme, aký pocit niečo vyvoláva. Napr. It feels good. - Je to dobrý pocit., It feels cold. - Chladí to.

    Exercise 2

    • Odpovedzte celou vetou kladne a potom záporne.

    2 Does he know?
    9 Could he do it for us?
    3 Can they help us?
    7 Do they agree?
    4 Have you got any money?
    6 Will you be there?
    10 Am I right?
    5 Is she coming too?
    8 Should I tell her?
    1 Are you hungry?

    Right znamená správny či správne. Možno ho ale tiež použiť v uisťovacích otázkach. Napr. Is that right? - Je to tak? či iba Right? - Že (áno)?

    Exercise 3

    • Tvorte otázky. Pýtajte sa na zvýraznené slová.

    1 I'm watching the news.
    7 Bob broke his leg last week.
    8 She's afraid of flying.
    4 We'll meet on Wednesday.
    2 Frank is coming too.
    11 He's got no children.
    9 He goes there twice a week.
    10 We got there at seven.
    5 It costs twenty dollars.
    3 They're going to arrange it.
    6 Only ten people came there.
    12 It's going to take a week.

    Exercise 4

    • Napíšte po anglicky celými slovami číselné údaje.

    9 in the year 2015
    7 35,785
    5 4.6,000,000
    6 0.05 seconds
    3 246 people
    11 bus number 102
    8 9,756,004
    1 on May 1st and 26th
    13 Charles II and Henry VIII
    10 in the 1980s
    4 3,500
    12 phone number 670098883
    2 He was 52nd.

    V písanej angličtine (hl. v novinách ap.) môžete často v kontexte súm a hodnôt naraziť na skratky K či k pre tisíce (z anglického kilo) a M či m pre milióny million. Napr. They spent $2.5M - “Utratili 2,5 milióna dolárov.”, It cost $15k. - “Stálo to 15 tisíc dolárov.” Podobne sa používa aj skratka B či bn pre miliardy (billion).

    Exercise 5

    • Odpovedzte celou vetou podľa pomôcok.

    3 When did she come back? at 2 a.m.
    13 When did you see him? last week
    12 What did she tell you? nothing
    1 How often does he exercise? 3x a week
    11 Were there any problems? lots of
    7 What did they want? more money
    14 Did you travel by bus? no, hire a car
    6 When is she coming back? on Friday
    5 How much did it cost? 2000 dollars
    8 Did he cause any problems? no problems
    2 How many dogs does she have? 2 dogs
    4 What are we going to do? ask them for help
    10 Did you have a good time? great time
    9 What did you drink? only tea

    Sloveso hire možno v britskej angličtine použiť aj na človeka a vec. V americkej angličtine sa ale hire užíva len na pracovníkov. Na prenájom vecí (požičiavanie za peniaze) sa v USA užíva rent. Napr.: We rented a car. - Požičali sme si auto. ap.

    Exercise 6

    • Tvorte vety opačného významu.

    6 There's too much water.
    10 We'll be able to come.
    1 He speaks English.
    4 You should eat less meat.
    7 She's got a lot of friends.
    8 There were more people.
    3 I'm going to tell him.
    9 They could help us.
    2 She should tell them.
    5 She doesn't like travelling.

    Exercise 7

    • Tvorte oznamovacie vety v prítomnom, budúcom a jednoduchom minulom čase.

    1 he, speak about it
    5 I, give him, the money
    7 we, spend weekends abroad
    3 she, send us, messages
    8 our dog, not eat that
    2 my parents, know
    4 we, meet, on the bus
    6 she, sit between us
    10 the car, be, not expensive
    9 he, not like the food

    Exercise 8

    • Povedzte po anglicky. Využite pomôcky.

    8 Nehádajme sa!
    let, argue
    6 Požiadaj ju, nech príde.
    ask, come
    2 Poďme ku mne (domov)!
    my place
    10 To je ale škoda!
    pity
    1 To znie dobre!
    sound
    3 Nech mi zavolá! (on)
    let, call
    7 To bude omnoho lepšie.
    better
    5 Nehovor mu o tom!
    tell
    4 Vyzerá to zaujímavo.
    look
    9 Pekne to vonia.
    smell

    Exercise 9

    • Upravte vety do času jednoduchého prítomného a jednoduchého minulého.

    3 It's snowing.
    7 She's sleeping late.
    9 He's bringing her flowers.
    1 She's feeling good.
    10 I'm drinking beer.
    6 He's coming.
    5 School is beginning.
    2 Bob is trying hard.
    8 I'm writing some e-mails.
    4 She's making dinner.

    Exercise 10

    • Doplňte 2. alebo 3. stupeň prídavných mien.

    8 It's very dangerous. You should be careful.
    10 You didn't try enough. You must try next time.
    7 Jane is so beautiful. She's the girl that I know.
    12 There were only 9 people last time, but today there are even .
    6 It's such a bad film! I think it's the film of all.
    4 That house is expensive, but this house is much .
    9 He tried so hard. He really did his .
    5 My idea was bad but his idea is even .
    2 My dog is big, but his dog is even .
    3 He may be fast, but he isn't the in the world.
    1 He's tall but he isn't the boy in the family.
    11 He's good at tennis, but I am much .

    Pozor na predložku: be good at ... - byť dobrý v... Napr.: He's good at it. - Ide mu to., Je v tom dobrý., I'm really bad at that. - To mi vôbec nejde. Slovo even sa používa na zdôraznenie ako slovenské ešte alebo dokonca či v zápore ani. Napr. He didn't even say goodbye. - Ani sa nerozlúčil. ap.

    Exercise 11

    • Použite gerundium na vytvorenie vety s rovnakým významom.

    3 Music started to play.
    7 It should be easy to repair.
    11 She works hard and she enjoys it.
    1 He likes to play games.
    9 I dislike it when I have to wait.
    4 He continued to read.
    6 He hates it when he gets up early.
    12 I can remember that he told her.
    2 They love to sing.
    8 It will be hard to solve.
    10 I hate it when people lie to me.
    5 We love it when we go out.

    Exercise 12

    • Preložte. Sústreďte sa na predložky.

    3 It's just around the corner.
    12 Go down this road.
    5 The worst is behind us.
    6 I'll wait outside the shop.
    2 You are among friends.
    14 Someone's knocking at the door.
    11 You can't take it on the plane.
    10 I'm ready for anything.
    4 people aged between 30 and 50
    7 What else do you like besides watching TV?
    13 We are open from 8 a.m. to 6 p.m.
    9 He sits in front of the TV.
    1 She left for work an hour ago.
    8 He lives in the flat above me.

    Zaklopať na niečo je síce po anglicky to knock on, napr. He knocked on the door., ale pokiaľ niekto stojí pri dverách a klope, použije sa bežne aj at the door. Fráza to answer the door potom znamená: (ísť) otvoriť (niekomu, kto klope, zvoní).

    Exercise 13

    • Vyberte správnu predložku.

    9 My birthday is at/on/in 3rd March.
    5 She asked me to/at/for it and I gave it for/to/at her.
    12 I'll make a reservation in/at/to the Marriott Hotel.
    10 We were at/in/on the seaside not on/in/at the mountains.
    6 We often meet at/on/inside the bus or in/on/at the bus stop.
    4 There are lots of people at/in/about the streets.
    13 Meet me on/to/at the airport in/at/on eight o'clock.
    1 We'll meet at half to/after/past seven in/at/to my place.
    2 It's (a) quarter to/at/from six.
    3 It's freezing outside. The temperature is under/below/behind zero.
    11 What are you doing in/at/on Friday?
    8 Walk over/through/by the bridge and then turn left.
    7 She's afraid to/of/about flying.

    Príkaz: Meet me ... možno preložiť ako Stretneme sa... (tam a tam).

    Užitočná fráza: without somebody's knowing - bez niečieho vedomia. Napr.: He did it without my knowing. - Urobil to bez môjho vedomia.

    Exercise 15

    • Spojte súvisiace výroky.

    • 1 Why did Jane leave?
    • 2 Can we go now?
    • 3 Did you tell anybody?
    • 4 Did you speak to Bob?
    • 5 Where did you meet?
    • 6 How often do you go there?
    • 7 Will you come to the party?
    • 8 Did you go on holiday?
    • 9 Does he have any siblings?
    • 10 How much did it cost?
    • d Yes, we went on a road trip.
    • f No, we'll have to wait.
    • g Yes, I spoke to him last week.
    • a No, I told nobody.
    • j No, he's an only child.
    • c She had to go to work.
    • b We met on the bus.
    • i Usually twice a week.
    • e No, I won't be able to.
    • h It wasn't very expensive.

    Road trip rəʊdtrɪp je dlhšia cesta pre zábavu podniknutá hl. autom. Napr.: We went on a road trip around the US. - Obišli sme autom USA.

    Exercise 16

    • Vyberte správne slovo.

    14 There was few/little rain last year.
    17 He should get other/another chance.
    11 There are little/few cars in the streets.
    15 He causes too many/much trouble.
    2 He doesn't eat many/much meat.
    9 It should take only little/few time.
    8 I have only little/a few friends.
    10 How many/much water do you drink every day?
    12 I speak very little/few English.
    3 There will be many/much people.
    4 I tried it many/much times.
    1 How many/much will it cost?
    6 That's too much/many money.
    13 He made much/many mistakes.
    16 It'll be many/much better.
    19 How many/much beers did you have?
    5 There wasn't very/much time.
    18 Are there any other/another ideas?
    7 There were less/fewer people.

    Látkové podstatné mená ako tea, coffee, beer ap., sú síce všeobecne nepočítateľné, ale ak hovoríme o konkrétnych porciách, druhoch ap., ide už o slovo počítateľné. Takže napr.: You drink too much coffee., ale I had too many coffees., podobne I drank too much beer., ale How many beers did you have? ap.

    Exercise 17

    • Preložte pomocou účelového neurčitku.

    1 Požiadaj ho, aby mi to poslal. ask, send
    9 Učím sa po anglicky, aby som rozumel cudzincom. learn, understand, foreigner
    4 Aby si mal peniaze, musíš pracovať. work, have money
    3 Volám, aby som ti povedal... call, tell
    7 Povedz im, aby na nás nečakali. tell, wait
    5 Som tu, aby som sa s ňou porozprával. speak to
    13 Žiadala ma, aby som jej dal ďalšiu šancu. ask, give, chance
    11 Zavolám bratovi, aby ma odviezol na letisko. call, take, to the airport
    10 Musíme sa poponáhľať, aby sme tam boli včas. hurry, in time
    12 Beriem si taxík, aby som neprišiel neskoro. take, taxi, be late
    8 Chcem, aby si to urobil hneď. want you, do, right now
    6 Potrebujem, aby si mi pomohol. need you, help
    2 Povedz jej, nech počká. tell, wait

    By chance znamená náhodou. They met by chance. - Stretli sa náhodou.

    Exercise 18

    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    3 If he's so smart, why isn't he tall/rich/broken?
    11 If you don't have a phone, you can use my/me/mine.
    10 If you're tired, you should have a look/rest/pity.
    12 If it's expensive/broken/lost, someone should repair it.
    5 How can he know that if somebody/nobody/everybody told him?
    6 She'll like you more if you leave/quit/let smoking.
    8 It's early. If you call him now, you'll spend/wake/keep him.
    9 If you drink 5 beers, you'll be tall/drunk/broken.
    1 If you eat too much, you will be smart/fat/rich.
    13 Don't open the door unless you feel/know/smell the person behind it.
    2 If you aren't sure, you had/should/shall ask somebody.
    4 If it is hot/cold/late, I will wear a coat.
    7 If you don't know what to do, ask everybody/somebody/nobody.

    Nezamieňajte anglické feel (cítiť - dotykom, mať pocit) a smell (cítiť čuchom)! Napr.: Can you smell it? - “Cítiš to?”. Sloveso smell of ... je v angličtine všeobecne neutrálne (znamená byť cítiť čím) napr. It smells of petrol. - “Je to cítiť benzínom.”, smell good/nice je voňať a smell bad je páchnuť, smrdieť. V niektorých prípadoch však má už samotné smell negatívny kontext. Napr.: Your feet smell! - “Smrdia ti nohy!”, His breath smells. - “Páchne mu z úst.” ap.

    Exercise 19

    • Doplňte slova: soon, early, late, later, in time

    5 He'll call me in an hour, so we should know .
    3 I'm leaving home now. I'll be there .
    9 Please let me know as as possible!
    8 She lived there in the 1990s. It was around 1992.
    4 I have no time now. I'll look at it .
    7 He went to bed late. Don't wake him too .
    10 We agreed to meet at 6 and it's 6:20. You are again!
    2 Last time he was late and today he's . He's never on time.
    6 I hate people being late, so be there .
    1 He just left for a minute. He should be back .

    Agree with... je súhlasiť s..., ale spojenie: agree on ... alebo tiež agree to (do) ... znamená skôr dohodnúť sa na... (niečom). Agreed! əˈgriːd je po slovensky Platí!, Dohodnuté! či Súhlasím!

    Exercise 20

    • Doplňte podľa kontextu tvary slovesa do alebo make.

    15 Stop fun of me!
    5 I need to a phone call.
    3 She's dinner just now.
    12 Who's going to the shopping?
    11 I only have 10 dollars. Will it ? - No, it costs 15 dollars.
    9 Can you a reservation for me? I'll my best.
    2 What are you here? Are you waiting for someone?
    4 You should your homework now.
    10 Please sure that you have enough money.
    6 Do you any sports?
    8 How much money does he ?
    14 He it to her happy.
    13 We're late but we can still it in time.
    1 You are a big mistake!
    7 It doesn't sense. I get it.

    Všimnite si, ako sa anglické sloveso do spája s podstatnými menami končiacimi na -ing (často gerundiom). Vzniká tak veľa užitočných ustálených spojení ako napr. do the washing up - umyť riad, do the cleaning - upratať, Let me do the talking. - Nechaj hovoriť mňa., I did a lot of thinking. - Veľa som premýšľal. ap.

    Exercise 21

    • Povedzte po anglicky. Použite gerundium, kde je to možné.

    4 Skúšaj to ďalej! keep, try
    8 Mrzí ma, že som to povedal. be sorry for, say that
    7 Vieš si predstaviť, že by si tu zostal? imagine, stay
    10 Chýba mi život na vidieku. miss, live in the country
    9 Nezmienil sa, že pôjde do Londýna. mention, go to London
    1 Rád pozeráš televíziu? watch TV
    3 Je to lepšie než sedieť doma. sit at home
    5 Ona mi stále volá. keep, call, all the time
    6 Kedy to dopíšeš? finish, write
    2 Radšej cestujem vlakom. prefer, travel by train

    Sloveso miss možno po slovensky preložiť ako chýbať, treba ale dávať pozor na obrátenie podmetu a predmetu! Napr.: I miss you. - Chýbaš mi., He misses his friends. - Chýbajú mu jeho priatelia., I'm missing two books. - Chýbajú mi dve knihy. Pozor! Podstatné meno Miss je po slovensky slečna (pred menom ap.).

    Exercise 22

    • Vyberte správne slovo podľa výkladu.

    1 Your mother and father are your: siblings/parents/husbands
    2 The mother of your father is your: grandfather/grandmother/daughter
    5 A husband and his wife are: married/widowed/single
    3 If children are brothers or sisters, the are siblings/relatives/married
    7 A person with no siblings is: an only child/a widow/a learner
    6 A man who is not married is: free/single/double
    9 If a woman's husband dies, she is: divorced/an orphan/a widow
    4 The son of a man's daughter is his: grandpa/grandparent/grandson
    10 If two people were married but they aren't married now, they are: husbands/widowed/divorced
    8 A child with no parents is: a widow/an orphan/a sibling

    Exercise 23

    • Doplňte podľa kontextu other, another alebo else.

    5 Let's go somewhere .
    1 Why do you need car?
    9 Nobody knows that.
    7 Is there anything I can do for you?
    4 What things do you like?
    2 What do people think?
    10 George is just New Yorker visiting London.
    6 We will find some place.
    8 I'll come time.
    3 What will you need?

    Koncovka -er sa používa aj na tvorenie názvov obyvateľov istého mesta či miesta. Napr.: Londoner ˈlʌndənə (Londýnčan), New Yorker njuː jɔːkə (Newyorčan), village (dedina) - villager ˈvɪlɪdʒə (dedinčan), island (ostrov) - islander ˈaɪləndə (ostrovan) ap. Nemožno ju však takto použiť vždy! Napr. Parížan je Parisian pəˈrɪzɪən, Riman je Roman ˈrəʊmən ap.

    Exercise 24

    • Preložte.

    17 Museli sme čakať.
    10 Koľko to stojí?
    15 Prídem o pol šiestej.
    1 Kde si včera bol?
    3 Chodí do práce autom.
    5 Mal som veľa práce.
    12 Idem nakupovať.
    4 Prečo si mi to neposlal?
    7 Mal by si jej zavolať.
    18 Nemohol som to nájsť.
    16 Strávili sme týždeň pri mori.
    20 Prezreli sme si pamiatky.
    9 Vyzerá to dobre.
    8 Kto ti to povedal?
    14 Nesmie o tom vedieť.
    6 Ideš s nami?
    13 John tam chodí každý deň.
    19 Nebudem môcť prísť.
    11 Nepotrebujem to.
    2 Mohli by ste mi pomôcť?

    Slovo sightseeing je zloženinou slov sights (pamiatky, pamätihodnosti) a seeing (videnie, pozeranie), teda “prezeranie pamiatok”. Places to visit sú miesta, ktoré sa oplatí navštíviť.