Exercises

Exercise 1

    • Preložte do slovenčiny.

    15 He doesn't care about her.
    11 I'll pick you up at the airport.
    3 Tell him not to buy it.
    20 It feels great!
    13 Let's go shopping!
    9 Is this your first time here?
    5 He tries hard to be the best.
    19 That sounds interesting.
    2 Take a look at this!
    8 We met several times.
    12 She never speaks to me.
    14 She keeps talking about it.
    4 She knew nothing about it.
    17 I spent an hour looking for it.
    18 There's no need to worry.
    7 It was nice meeting you.
    16 Shall we sit down?
    6 It'll be best to take a taxi.
    10 What time does your plane land?
    1 What are you watching?

    Feel je cítiť alebo cítiť sa, ale možno ho použiť aj keď opisujeme, aký pocit niečo vyvoláva. Napr. It feels good. - Je to dobrý pocit., It feels cold. - Chladí to.

    Exercise 2

    • Odpovedzte celou vetou kladne a potom záporne.

    5 Is she coming too?
    10 Am I right?
    6 Will you be there?
    8 Should I tell her?
    9 Could he do it for us?
    7 Do they agree?
    1 Are you hungry?
    2 Does he know?
    3 Can they help us?
    4 Have you got any money?

    Right znamená správny či správne. Možno ho ale tiež použiť v uisťovacích otázkach. Napr. Is that right? - Je to tak? či iba Right? - Že (áno)?

    Exercise 3

    • Tvorte otázky. Pýtajte sa na zvýraznené slová.

    3 They're going to arrange it.
    12 It's going to take a week.
    2 Frank is coming too.
    9 He goes there twice a week.
    8 She's afraid of flying.
    1 I'm watching the news.
    7 Bob broke his leg last week.
    10 We got there at seven.
    11 He's got no children.
    5 It costs twenty dollars.
    4 We'll meet on Wednesday.
    6 Only ten people came there.

    Exercise 4

    • Napíšte po anglicky celými slovami číselné údaje.

    11 bus number 102
    10 in the 1980s
    6 0.05 seconds
    1 on May 1st and 26th
    8 9,756,004
    5 4.6,000,000
    2 He was 52nd.
    7 35,785
    3 246 people
    4 3,500
    9 in the year 2015
    13 Charles II and Henry VIII
    12 phone number 670098883

    V písanej angličtine (hl. v novinách ap.) môžete často v kontexte súm a hodnôt naraziť na skratky K či k pre tisíce (z anglického kilo) a M či m pre milióny million. Napr. They spent $2.5M - “Utratili 2,5 milióna dolárov.”, It cost $15k. - “Stálo to 15 tisíc dolárov.” Podobne sa používa aj skratka B či bn pre miliardy (billion).

    Exercise 5

    • Odpovedzte celou vetou podľa pomôcok.

    9 What did you drink? only tea
    11 Were there any problems? lots of
    1 How often does he exercise? 3x a week
    12 What did she tell you? nothing
    2 How many dogs does she have? 2 dogs
    14 Did you travel by bus? no, hire a car
    13 When did you see him? last week
    8 Did he cause any problems? no problems
    5 How much did it cost? 2000 dollars
    3 When did she come back? at 2 a.m.
    4 What are we going to do? ask them for help
    10 Did you have a good time? great time
    6 When is she coming back? on Friday
    7 What did they want? more money

    Sloveso hire možno v britskej angličtine použiť aj na človeka a vec. V americkej angličtine sa ale hire užíva len na pracovníkov. Na prenájom vecí (požičiavanie za peniaze) sa v USA užíva rent. Napr.: We rented a car. - Požičali sme si auto. ap.

    Exercise 6

    • Tvorte vety opačného významu.

    10 We'll be able to come.
    1 He speaks English.
    7 She's got a lot of friends.
    3 I'm going to tell him.
    9 They could help us.
    5 She doesn't like travelling.
    8 There were more people.
    2 She should tell them.
    4 You should eat less meat.
    6 There's too much water.

    Exercise 7

    • Tvorte oznamovacie vety v prítomnom, budúcom a jednoduchom minulom čase.

    9 he, not like the food
    5 I, give him, the money
    7 we, spend weekends abroad
    2 my parents, know
    10 the car, be, not expensive
    1 he, speak about it
    6 she, sit between us
    8 our dog, not eat that
    3 she, send us, messages
    4 we, meet, on the bus

    Exercise 8

    • Povedzte po anglicky. Využite pomôcky.

    6 Požiadaj ju, nech príde.
    ask, come
    4 Vyzerá to zaujímavo.
    look
    3 Nech mi zavolá! (on)
    let, call
    7 To bude omnoho lepšie.
    better
    1 To znie dobre!
    sound
    10 To je ale škoda!
    pity
    2 Poďme ku mne (domov)!
    my place
    5 Nehovor mu o tom!
    tell
    9 Pekne to vonia.
    smell
    8 Nehádajme sa!
    let, argue

    Exercise 9

    • Upravte vety do času jednoduchého prítomného a jednoduchého minulého.

    2 Bob is trying hard.
    5 School is beginning.
    4 She's making dinner.
    9 He's bringing her flowers.
    6 He's coming.
    3 It's snowing.
    1 She's feeling good.
    8 I'm writing some e-mails.
    10 I'm drinking beer.
    7 She's sleeping late.

    Exercise 10

    • Doplňte 2. alebo 3. stupeň prídavných mien.

    1 He's tall but he isn't the boy in the family.
    12 There were only 9 people last time, but today there are even .
    2 My dog is big, but his dog is even .
    11 He's good at tennis, but I am much .
    8 It's very dangerous. You should be careful.
    5 My idea was bad but his idea is even .
    4 That house is expensive, but this house is much .
    10 You didn't try enough. You must try next time.
    3 He may be fast, but he isn't the in the world.
    9 He tried so hard. He really did his .
    7 Jane is so beautiful. She's the girl that I know.
    6 It's such a bad film! I think it's the film of all.

    Pozor na predložku: be good at ... - byť dobrý v... Napr.: He's good at it. - Ide mu to., Je v tom dobrý., I'm really bad at that. - To mi vôbec nejde. Slovo even sa používa na zdôraznenie ako slovenské ešte alebo dokonca či v zápore ani. Napr. He didn't even say goodbye. - Ani sa nerozlúčil. ap.

    Exercise 11

    • Použite gerundium na vytvorenie vety s rovnakým významom.

    4 He continued to read.
    12 I can remember that he told her.
    8 It will be hard to solve.
    6 He hates it when he gets up early.
    10 I hate it when people lie to me.
    2 They love to sing.
    11 She works hard and she enjoys it.
    5 We love it when we go out.
    1 He likes to play games.
    3 Music started to play.
    7 It should be easy to repair.
    9 I dislike it when I have to wait.

    Exercise 12

    • Preložte. Sústreďte sa na predložky.

    14 Someone's knocking at the door.
    2 You are among friends.
    12 Go down this road.
    7 What else do you like besides watching TV?
    11 You can't take it on the plane.
    5 The worst is behind us.
    8 He lives in the flat above me.
    3 It's just around the corner.
    4 people aged between 30 and 50
    1 She left for work an hour ago.
    10 I'm ready for anything.
    9 He sits in front of the TV.
    6 I'll wait outside the shop.
    13 We are open from 8 a.m. to 6 p.m.

    Zaklopať na niečo je síce po anglicky to knock on, napr. He knocked on the door., ale pokiaľ niekto stojí pri dverách a klope, použije sa bežne aj at the door. Fráza to answer the door potom znamená: (ísť) otvoriť (niekomu, kto klope, zvoní).

    Exercise 13

    • Vyberte správnu predložku.

    12 I'll make a reservation in/at/to the Marriott Hotel.
    9 My birthday is at/on/in 3rd March.
    6 We often meet at/on/inside the bus or in/on/at the bus stop.
    10 We were at/in/on the seaside not on/in/at the mountains.
    2 It's (a) quarter to/at/from six.
    8 Walk over/through/by the bridge and then turn left.
    13 Meet me on/to/at the airport in/at/on eight o'clock.
    1 We'll meet at half to/after/past seven in/at/to my place.
    5 She asked me to/at/for it and I gave it for/to/at her.
    3 It's freezing outside. The temperature is under/below/behind zero.
    11 What are you doing in/at/on Friday?
    7 She's afraid to/of/about flying.
    4 There are lots of people at/in/about the streets.

    Príkaz: Meet me ... možno preložiť ako Stretneme sa... (tam a tam).

    Užitočná fráza: without somebody's knowing - bez niečieho vedomia. Napr.: He did it without my knowing. - Urobil to bez môjho vedomia.

    Exercise 15

    • Spojte súvisiace výroky.

    • 1 Why did Jane leave?
    • 2 Can we go now?
    • 3 Did you tell anybody?
    • 4 Did you speak to Bob?
    • 5 Where did you meet?
    • 6 How often do you go there?
    • 7 Will you come to the party?
    • 8 Did you go on holiday?
    • 9 Does he have any siblings?
    • 10 How much did it cost?
    • i Usually twice a week.
    • c She had to go to work.
    • f No, we'll have to wait.
    • j No, he's an only child.
    • g Yes, I spoke to him last week.
    • e No, I won't be able to.
    • b We met on the bus.
    • a No, I told nobody.
    • d Yes, we went on a road trip.
    • h It wasn't very expensive.

    Road trip rəʊdtrɪp je dlhšia cesta pre zábavu podniknutá hl. autom. Napr.: We went on a road trip around the US. - Obišli sme autom USA.

    Exercise 16

    • Vyberte správne slovo.

    16 It'll be many/much better.
    12 I speak very little/few English.
    4 I tried it many/much times.
    17 He should get other/another chance.
    2 He doesn't eat many/much meat.
    8 I have only little/a few friends.
    10 How many/much water do you drink every day?
    6 That's too much/many money.
    9 It should take only little/few time.
    18 Are there any other/another ideas?
    13 He made much/many mistakes.
    15 He causes too many/much trouble.
    11 There are little/few cars in the streets.
    14 There was few/little rain last year.
    7 There were less/fewer people.
    19 How many/much beers did you have?
    3 There will be many/much people.
    5 There wasn't very/much time.
    1 How many/much will it cost?

    Látkové podstatné mená ako tea, coffee, beer ap., sú síce všeobecne nepočítateľné, ale ak hovoríme o konkrétnych porciách, druhoch ap., ide už o slovo počítateľné. Takže napr.: You drink too much coffee., ale I had too many coffees., podobne I drank too much beer., ale How many beers did you have? ap.

    Exercise 17

    • Preložte pomocou účelového neurčitku.

    8 Chcem, aby si to urobil hneď. want you, do, right now
    6 Potrebujem, aby si mi pomohol. need you, help
    4 Aby si mal peniaze, musíš pracovať. work, have money
    13 Žiadala ma, aby som jej dal ďalšiu šancu. ask, give, chance
    12 Beriem si taxík, aby som neprišiel neskoro. take, taxi, be late
    10 Musíme sa poponáhľať, aby sme tam boli včas. hurry, in time
    11 Zavolám bratovi, aby ma odviezol na letisko. call, take, to the airport
    9 Učím sa po anglicky, aby som rozumel cudzincom. learn, understand, foreigner
    2 Povedz jej, nech počká. tell, wait
    3 Volám, aby som ti povedal... call, tell
    7 Povedz im, aby na nás nečakali. tell, wait
    5 Som tu, aby som sa s ňou porozprával. speak to
    1 Požiadaj ho, aby mi to poslal. ask, send

    By chance znamená náhodou. They met by chance. - Stretli sa náhodou.

    Exercise 18

    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    7 If you don't know what to do, ask everybody/somebody/nobody.
    9 If you drink 5 beers, you'll be tall/drunk/broken.
    6 She'll like you more if you leave/quit/let smoking.
    11 If you don't have a phone, you can use my/me/mine.
    13 Don't open the door unless you feel/know/smell the person behind it.
    4 If it is hot/cold/late, I will wear a coat.
    12 If it's expensive/broken/lost, someone should repair it.
    3 If he's so smart, why isn't he tall/rich/broken?
    1 If you eat too much, you will be smart/fat/rich.
    5 How can he know that if somebody/nobody/everybody told him?
    8 It's early. If you call him now, you'll spend/wake/keep him.
    10 If you're tired, you should have a look/rest/pity.
    2 If you aren't sure, you had/should/shall ask somebody.

    Nezamieňajte anglické feel (cítiť - dotykom, mať pocit) a smell (cítiť čuchom)! Napr.: Can you smell it? - “Cítiš to?”. Sloveso smell of ... je v angličtine všeobecne neutrálne (znamená byť cítiť čím) napr. It smells of petrol. - “Je to cítiť benzínom.”, smell good/nice je voňať a smell bad je páchnuť, smrdieť. V niektorých prípadoch však má už samotné smell negatívny kontext. Napr.: Your feet smell! - “Smrdia ti nohy!”, His breath smells. - “Páchne mu z úst.” ap.

    Exercise 19

    • Doplňte slova: soon, early, late, later, in time

    1 He just left for a minute. He should be back .
    7 He went to bed late. Don't wake him too .
    8 She lived there in the 1990s. It was around 1992.
    9 Please let me know as as possible!
    4 I have no time now. I'll look at it .
    3 I'm leaving home now. I'll be there .
    5 He'll call me in an hour, so we should know .
    6 I hate people being late, so be there .
    10 We agreed to meet at 6 and it's 6:20. You are again!
    2 Last time he was late and today he's . He's never on time.

    Agree with... je súhlasiť s..., ale spojenie: agree on ... alebo tiež agree to (do) ... znamená skôr dohodnúť sa na... (niečom). Agreed! əˈgriːd je po slovensky Platí!, Dohodnuté! či Súhlasím!

    Exercise 20

    • Doplňte podľa kontextu tvary slovesa do alebo make.

    7 It doesn't sense. I get it.
    3 She's dinner just now.
    15 Stop fun of me!
    14 He it to her happy.
    11 I only have 10 dollars. Will it ? - No, it costs 15 dollars.
    12 Who's going to the shopping?
    9 Can you a reservation for me? I'll my best.
    10 Please sure that you have enough money.
    5 I need to a phone call.
    1 You are a big mistake!
    8 How much money does he ?
    6 Do you any sports?
    2 What are you here? Are you waiting for someone?
    4 You should your homework now.
    13 We're late but we can still it in time.

    Všimnite si, ako sa anglické sloveso do spája s podstatnými menami končiacimi na -ing (často gerundiom). Vzniká tak veľa užitočných ustálených spojení ako napr. do the washing up - umyť riad, do the cleaning - upratať, Let me do the talking. - Nechaj hovoriť mňa., I did a lot of thinking. - Veľa som premýšľal. ap.

    Exercise 21

    • Povedzte po anglicky. Použite gerundium, kde je to možné.

    8 Mrzí ma, že som to povedal. be sorry for, say that
    2 Radšej cestujem vlakom. prefer, travel by train
    6 Kedy to dopíšeš? finish, write
    4 Skúšaj to ďalej! keep, try
    9 Nezmienil sa, že pôjde do Londýna. mention, go to London
    7 Vieš si predstaviť, že by si tu zostal? imagine, stay
    1 Rád pozeráš televíziu? watch TV
    5 Ona mi stále volá. keep, call, all the time
    3 Je to lepšie než sedieť doma. sit at home
    10 Chýba mi život na vidieku. miss, live in the country

    Sloveso miss možno po slovensky preložiť ako chýbať, treba ale dávať pozor na obrátenie podmetu a predmetu! Napr.: I miss you. - Chýbaš mi., He misses his friends. - Chýbajú mu jeho priatelia., I'm missing two books. - Chýbajú mi dve knihy. Pozor! Podstatné meno Miss je po slovensky slečna (pred menom ap.).

    Exercise 22

    • Vyberte správne slovo podľa výkladu.

    10 If two people were married but they aren't married now, they are: husbands/widowed/divorced
    8 A child with no parents is: a widow/an orphan/a sibling
    9 If a woman's husband dies, she is: divorced/an orphan/a widow
    2 The mother of your father is your: grandfather/grandmother/daughter
    1 Your mother and father are your: siblings/parents/husbands
    5 A husband and his wife are: married/widowed/single
    7 A person with no siblings is: an only child/a widow/a learner
    4 The son of a man's daughter is his: grandpa/grandparent/grandson
    3 If children are brothers or sisters, the are siblings/relatives/married
    6 A man who is not married is: free/single/double

    Exercise 23

    • Doplňte podľa kontextu other, another alebo else.

    6 We will find some place.
    7 Is there anything I can do for you?
    1 Why do you need car?
    2 What do people think?
    5 Let's go somewhere .
    4 What things do you like?
    8 I'll come time.
    10 George is just New Yorker visiting London.
    9 Nobody knows that.
    3 What will you need?

    Koncovka -er sa používa aj na tvorenie názvov obyvateľov istého mesta či miesta. Napr.: Londoner ˈlʌndənə (Londýnčan), New Yorker njuː jɔːkə (Newyorčan), village (dedina) - villager ˈvɪlɪdʒə (dedinčan), island (ostrov) - islander ˈaɪləndə (ostrovan) ap. Nemožno ju však takto použiť vždy! Napr. Parížan je Parisian pəˈrɪzɪən, Riman je Roman ˈrəʊmən ap.

    Exercise 24

    • Preložte.

    9 Vyzerá to dobre.
    15 Prídem o pol šiestej.
    8 Kto ti to povedal?
    4 Prečo si mi to neposlal?
    14 Nesmie o tom vedieť.
    1 Kde si včera bol?
    13 John tam chodí každý deň.
    17 Museli sme čakať.
    6 Ideš s nami?
    7 Mal by si jej zavolať.
    16 Strávili sme týždeň pri mori.
    12 Idem nakupovať.
    3 Chodí do práce autom.
    11 Nepotrebujem to.
    10 Koľko to stojí?
    18 Nemohol som to nájsť.
    2 Mohli by ste mi pomôcť?
    19 Nebudem môcť prísť.
    5 Mal som veľa práce.
    20 Prezreli sme si pamiatky.

    Slovo sightseeing je zloženinou slov sights (pamiatky, pamätihodnosti) a seeing (videnie, pozeranie), teda “prezeranie pamiatok”. Places to visit sú miesta, ktoré sa oplatí navštíviť.