Exercises

Exercise 1

    • Preložte do slovenčiny.

    6 It'll be best to take a taxi.
    1 What are you watching?
    18 There's no need to worry.
    4 She knew nothing about it.
    11 I'll pick you up at the airport.
    5 He tries hard to be the best.
    15 He doesn't care about her.
    14 She keeps talking about it.
    19 That sounds interesting.
    12 She never speaks to me.
    20 It feels great!
    13 Let's go shopping!
    8 We met several times.
    10 What time does your plane land?
    3 Tell him not to buy it.
    9 Is this your first time here?
    2 Take a look at this!
    16 Shall we sit down?
    7 It was nice meeting you.
    17 I spent an hour looking for it.

    Feel je cítiť alebo cítiť sa, ale možno ho použiť aj keď opisujeme, aký pocit niečo vyvoláva. Napr. It feels good. - Je to dobrý pocit., It feels cold. - Chladí to.

    Exercise 2

    • Odpovedzte celou vetou kladne a potom záporne.

    1 Are you hungry?
    5 Is she coming too?
    4 Have you got any money?
    6 Will you be there?
    9 Could he do it for us?
    2 Does he know?
    7 Do they agree?
    3 Can they help us?
    8 Should I tell her?
    10 Am I right?

    Right znamená správny či správne. Možno ho ale tiež použiť v uisťovacích otázkach. Napr. Is that right? - Je to tak? či iba Right? - Že (áno)?

    Exercise 3

    • Tvorte otázky. Pýtajte sa na zvýraznené slová.

    12 It's going to take a week.
    9 He goes there twice a week.
    2 Frank is coming too.
    6 Only ten people came there.
    7 Bob broke his leg last week.
    4 We'll meet on Wednesday.
    11 He's got no children.
    8 She's afraid of flying.
    3 They're going to arrange it.
    5 It costs twenty dollars.
    1 I'm watching the news.
    10 We got there at seven.

    Exercise 4

    • Napíšte po anglicky celými slovami číselné údaje.

    6 0.05 seconds
    13 Charles II and Henry VIII
    1 on May 1st and 26th
    11 bus number 102
    10 in the 1980s
    2 He was 52nd.
    9 in the year 2015
    4 3,500
    3 246 people
    5 4.6,000,000
    7 35,785
    12 phone number 670098883
    8 9,756,004

    V písanej angličtine (hl. v novinách ap.) môžete často v kontexte súm a hodnôt naraziť na skratky K či k pre tisíce (z anglického kilo) a M či m pre milióny million. Napr. They spent $2.5M - “Utratili 2,5 milióna dolárov.”, It cost $15k. - “Stálo to 15 tisíc dolárov.” Podobne sa používa aj skratka B či bn pre miliardy (billion).

    Exercise 5

    • Odpovedzte celou vetou podľa pomôcok.

    8 Did he cause any problems? no problems
    11 Were there any problems? lots of
    2 How many dogs does she have? 2 dogs
    9 What did you drink? only tea
    5 How much did it cost? 2000 dollars
    13 When did you see him? last week
    12 What did she tell you? nothing
    7 What did they want? more money
    4 What are we going to do? ask them for help
    14 Did you travel by bus? no, hire a car
    6 When is she coming back? on Friday
    1 How often does he exercise? 3x a week
    10 Did you have a good time? great time
    3 When did she come back? at 2 a.m.

    Sloveso hire možno v britskej angličtine použiť aj na človeka a vec. V americkej angličtine sa ale hire užíva len na pracovníkov. Na prenájom vecí (požičiavanie za peniaze) sa v USA užíva rent. Napr.: We rented a car. - Požičali sme si auto. ap.

    Exercise 6

    • Tvorte vety opačného významu.

    8 There were more people.
    1 He speaks English.
    5 She doesn't like travelling.
    6 There's too much water.
    3 I'm going to tell him.
    7 She's got a lot of friends.
    4 You should eat less meat.
    2 She should tell them.
    9 They could help us.
    10 We'll be able to come.

    Exercise 7

    • Tvorte oznamovacie vety v prítomnom, budúcom a jednoduchom minulom čase.

    9 he, not like the food
    6 she, sit between us
    8 our dog, not eat that
    7 we, spend weekends abroad
    1 he, speak about it
    5 I, give him, the money
    10 the car, be, not expensive
    3 she, send us, messages
    4 we, meet, on the bus
    2 my parents, know

    Exercise 8

    • Povedzte po anglicky. Využite pomôcky.

    9 Pekne to vonia.
    smell
    2 Poďme ku mne (domov)!
    my place
    6 Požiadaj ju, nech príde.
    ask, come
    4 Vyzerá to zaujímavo.
    look
    7 To bude omnoho lepšie.
    better
    8 Nehádajme sa!
    let, argue
    3 Nech mi zavolá! (on)
    let, call
    10 To je ale škoda!
    pity
    1 To znie dobre!
    sound
    5 Nehovor mu o tom!
    tell

    Exercise 9

    • Upravte vety do času jednoduchého prítomného a jednoduchého minulého.

    1 She's feeling good.
    10 I'm drinking beer.
    6 He's coming.
    7 She's sleeping late.
    4 She's making dinner.
    9 He's bringing her flowers.
    2 Bob is trying hard.
    5 School is beginning.
    3 It's snowing.
    8 I'm writing some e-mails.

    Exercise 10

    • Doplňte 2. alebo 3. stupeň prídavných mien.

    12 There were only 9 people last time, but today there are even .
    1 He's tall but he isn't the boy in the family.
    6 It's such a bad film! I think it's the film of all.
    3 He may be fast, but he isn't the in the world.
    10 You didn't try enough. You must try next time.
    5 My idea was bad but his idea is even .
    11 He's good at tennis, but I am much .
    9 He tried so hard. He really did his .
    4 That house is expensive, but this house is much .
    7 Jane is so beautiful. She's the girl that I know.
    8 It's very dangerous. You should be careful.
    2 My dog is big, but his dog is even .

    Pozor na predložku: be good at ... - byť dobrý v... Napr.: He's good at it. - Ide mu to., Je v tom dobrý., I'm really bad at that. - To mi vôbec nejde. Slovo even sa používa na zdôraznenie ako slovenské ešte alebo dokonca či v zápore ani. Napr. He didn't even say goodbye. - Ani sa nerozlúčil. ap.

    Exercise 11

    • Použite gerundium na vytvorenie vety s rovnakým významom.

    8 It will be hard to solve.
    2 They love to sing.
    1 He likes to play games.
    3 Music started to play.
    6 He hates it when he gets up early.
    7 It should be easy to repair.
    9 I dislike it when I have to wait.
    10 I hate it when people lie to me.
    11 She works hard and she enjoys it.
    5 We love it when we go out.
    12 I can remember that he told her.
    4 He continued to read.

    Exercise 12

    • Preložte. Sústreďte sa na predložky.

    10 I'm ready for anything.
    12 Go down this road.
    7 What else do you like besides watching TV?
    1 She left for work an hour ago.
    2 You are among friends.
    11 You can't take it on the plane.
    14 Someone's knocking at the door.
    5 The worst is behind us.
    9 He sits in front of the TV.
    6 I'll wait outside the shop.
    3 It's just around the corner.
    8 He lives in the flat above me.
    4 people aged between 30 and 50
    13 We are open from 8 a.m. to 6 p.m.

    Zaklopať na niečo je síce po anglicky to knock on, napr. He knocked on the door., ale pokiaľ niekto stojí pri dverách a klope, použije sa bežne aj at the door. Fráza to answer the door potom znamená: (ísť) otvoriť (niekomu, kto klope, zvoní).

    Exercise 13

    • Vyberte správnu predložku.

    6 We often meet at/on/inside the bus or in/on/at the bus stop.
    4 There are lots of people at/in/about the streets.
    2 It's (a) quarter to/at/from six.
    7 She's afraid to/of/about flying.
    12 I'll make a reservation in/at/to the Marriott Hotel.
    9 My birthday is at/on/in 3rd March.
    5 She asked me to/at/for it and I gave it for/to/at her.
    8 Walk over/through/by the bridge and then turn left.
    1 We'll meet at half to/after/past seven in/at/to my place.
    3 It's freezing outside. The temperature is under/below/behind zero.
    10 We were at/in/on the seaside not on/in/at the mountains.
    13 Meet me on/to/at the airport in/at/on eight o'clock.
    11 What are you doing in/at/on Friday?

    Príkaz: Meet me ... možno preložiť ako Stretneme sa... (tam a tam).

    Užitočná fráza: without somebody's knowing - bez niečieho vedomia. Napr.: He did it without my knowing. - Urobil to bez môjho vedomia.

    Exercise 15

    • Spojte súvisiace výroky.

    • 1 Why did Jane leave?
    • 2 Can we go now?
    • 3 Did you tell anybody?
    • 4 Did you speak to Bob?
    • 5 Where did you meet?
    • 6 How often do you go there?
    • 7 Will you come to the party?
    • 8 Did you go on holiday?
    • 9 Does he have any siblings?
    • 10 How much did it cost?
    • c She had to go to work.
    • f No, we'll have to wait.
    • b We met on the bus.
    • g Yes, I spoke to him last week.
    • e No, I won't be able to.
    • i Usually twice a week.
    • h It wasn't very expensive.
    • a No, I told nobody.
    • j No, he's an only child.
    • d Yes, we went on a road trip.

    Road trip rəʊdtrɪp je dlhšia cesta pre zábavu podniknutá hl. autom. Napr.: We went on a road trip around the US. - Obišli sme autom USA.

    Exercise 16

    • Vyberte správne slovo.

    8 I have only little/a few friends.
    16 It'll be many/much better.
    2 He doesn't eat many/much meat.
    3 There will be many/much people.
    13 He made much/many mistakes.
    15 He causes too many/much trouble.
    14 There was few/little rain last year.
    4 I tried it many/much times.
    1 How many/much will it cost?
    10 How many/much water do you drink every day?
    17 He should get other/another chance.
    5 There wasn't very/much time.
    11 There are little/few cars in the streets.
    7 There were less/fewer people.
    12 I speak very little/few English.
    9 It should take only little/few time.
    6 That's too much/many money.
    18 Are there any other/another ideas?
    19 How many/much beers did you have?

    Látkové podstatné mená ako tea, coffee, beer ap., sú síce všeobecne nepočítateľné, ale ak hovoríme o konkrétnych porciách, druhoch ap., ide už o slovo počítateľné. Takže napr.: You drink too much coffee., ale I had too many coffees., podobne I drank too much beer., ale How many beers did you have? ap.

    Exercise 17

    • Preložte pomocou účelového neurčitku.

    7 Povedz im, aby na nás nečakali. tell, wait
    9 Učím sa po anglicky, aby som rozumel cudzincom. learn, understand, foreigner
    10 Musíme sa poponáhľať, aby sme tam boli včas. hurry, in time
    13 Žiadala ma, aby som jej dal ďalšiu šancu. ask, give, chance
    6 Potrebujem, aby si mi pomohol. need you, help
    11 Zavolám bratovi, aby ma odviezol na letisko. call, take, to the airport
    5 Som tu, aby som sa s ňou porozprával. speak to
    12 Beriem si taxík, aby som neprišiel neskoro. take, taxi, be late
    1 Požiadaj ho, aby mi to poslal. ask, send
    4 Aby si mal peniaze, musíš pracovať. work, have money
    2 Povedz jej, nech počká. tell, wait
    8 Chcem, aby si to urobil hneď. want you, do, right now
    3 Volám, aby som ti povedal... call, tell

    By chance znamená náhodou. They met by chance. - Stretli sa náhodou.

    Exercise 18

    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    11 If you don't have a phone, you can use my/me/mine.
    3 If he's so smart, why isn't he tall/rich/broken?
    7 If you don't know what to do, ask everybody/somebody/nobody.
    4 If it is hot/cold/late, I will wear a coat.
    6 She'll like you more if you leave/quit/let smoking.
    12 If it's expensive/broken/lost, someone should repair it.
    13 Don't open the door unless you feel/know/smell the person behind it.
    5 How can he know that if somebody/nobody/everybody told him?
    8 It's early. If you call him now, you'll spend/wake/keep him.
    1 If you eat too much, you will be smart/fat/rich.
    9 If you drink 5 beers, you'll be tall/drunk/broken.
    2 If you aren't sure, you had/should/shall ask somebody.
    10 If you're tired, you should have a look/rest/pity.

    Nezamieňajte anglické feel (cítiť - dotykom, mať pocit) a smell (cítiť čuchom)! Napr.: Can you smell it? - “Cítiš to?”. Sloveso smell of ... je v angličtine všeobecne neutrálne (znamená byť cítiť čím) napr. It smells of petrol. - “Je to cítiť benzínom.”, smell good/nice je voňať a smell bad je páchnuť, smrdieť. V niektorých prípadoch však má už samotné smell negatívny kontext. Napr.: Your feet smell! - “Smrdia ti nohy!”, His breath smells. - “Páchne mu z úst.” ap.

    Exercise 19

    • Doplňte slova: soon, early, late, later, in time

    9 Please let me know as as possible!
    10 We agreed to meet at 6 and it's 6:20. You are again!
    8 She lived there in the 1990s. It was around 1992.
    6 I hate people being late, so be there .
    7 He went to bed late. Don't wake him too .
    3 I'm leaving home now. I'll be there .
    1 He just left for a minute. He should be back .
    2 Last time he was late and today he's . He's never on time.
    5 He'll call me in an hour, so we should know .
    4 I have no time now. I'll look at it .

    Agree with... je súhlasiť s..., ale spojenie: agree on ... alebo tiež agree to (do) ... znamená skôr dohodnúť sa na... (niečom). Agreed! əˈgriːd je po slovensky Platí!, Dohodnuté! či Súhlasím!

    Exercise 20

    • Doplňte podľa kontextu tvary slovesa do alebo make.

    5 I need to a phone call.
    13 We're late but we can still it in time.
    10 Please sure that you have enough money.
    4 You should your homework now.
    3 She's dinner just now.
    1 You are a big mistake!
    7 It doesn't sense. I get it.
    9 Can you a reservation for me? I'll my best.
    2 What are you here? Are you waiting for someone?
    14 He it to her happy.
    11 I only have 10 dollars. Will it ? - No, it costs 15 dollars.
    6 Do you any sports?
    8 How much money does he ?
    12 Who's going to the shopping?
    15 Stop fun of me!

    Všimnite si, ako sa anglické sloveso do spája s podstatnými menami končiacimi na -ing (často gerundiom). Vzniká tak veľa užitočných ustálených spojení ako napr. do the washing up - umyť riad, do the cleaning - upratať, Let me do the talking. - Nechaj hovoriť mňa., I did a lot of thinking. - Veľa som premýšľal. ap.

    Exercise 21

    • Povedzte po anglicky. Použite gerundium, kde je to možné.

    10 Chýba mi život na vidieku. miss, live in the country
    3 Je to lepšie než sedieť doma. sit at home
    1 Rád pozeráš televíziu? watch TV
    8 Mrzí ma, že som to povedal. be sorry for, say that
    2 Radšej cestujem vlakom. prefer, travel by train
    9 Nezmienil sa, že pôjde do Londýna. mention, go to London
    5 Ona mi stále volá. keep, call, all the time
    6 Kedy to dopíšeš? finish, write
    7 Vieš si predstaviť, že by si tu zostal? imagine, stay
    4 Skúšaj to ďalej! keep, try

    Sloveso miss možno po slovensky preložiť ako chýbať, treba ale dávať pozor na obrátenie podmetu a predmetu! Napr.: I miss you. - Chýbaš mi., He misses his friends. - Chýbajú mu jeho priatelia., I'm missing two books. - Chýbajú mi dve knihy. Pozor! Podstatné meno Miss je po slovensky slečna (pred menom ap.).

    Exercise 22

    • Vyberte správne slovo podľa výkladu.

    1 Your mother and father are your: siblings/parents/husbands
    10 If two people were married but they aren't married now, they are: husbands/widowed/divorced
    3 If children are brothers or sisters, the are siblings/relatives/married
    7 A person with no siblings is: an only child/a widow/a learner
    4 The son of a man's daughter is his: grandpa/grandparent/grandson
    2 The mother of your father is your: grandfather/grandmother/daughter
    8 A child with no parents is: a widow/an orphan/a sibling
    5 A husband and his wife are: married/widowed/single
    6 A man who is not married is: free/single/double
    9 If a woman's husband dies, she is: divorced/an orphan/a widow

    Exercise 23

    • Doplňte podľa kontextu other, another alebo else.

    2 What do people think?
    7 Is there anything I can do for you?
    10 George is just New Yorker visiting London.
    8 I'll come time.
    5 Let's go somewhere .
    4 What things do you like?
    1 Why do you need car?
    9 Nobody knows that.
    6 We will find some place.
    3 What will you need?

    Koncovka -er sa používa aj na tvorenie názvov obyvateľov istého mesta či miesta. Napr.: Londoner ˈlʌndənə (Londýnčan), New Yorker njuː jɔːkə (Newyorčan), village (dedina) - villager ˈvɪlɪdʒə (dedinčan), island (ostrov) - islander ˈaɪləndə (ostrovan) ap. Nemožno ju však takto použiť vždy! Napr. Parížan je Parisian pəˈrɪzɪən, Riman je Roman ˈrəʊmən ap.

    Exercise 24

    • Preložte.

    20 Prezreli sme si pamiatky.
    17 Museli sme čakať.
    10 Koľko to stojí?
    5 Mal som veľa práce.
    8 Kto ti to povedal?
    16 Strávili sme týždeň pri mori.
    13 John tam chodí každý deň.
    12 Idem nakupovať.
    3 Chodí do práce autom.
    4 Prečo si mi to neposlal?
    15 Prídem o pol šiestej.
    1 Kde si včera bol?
    2 Mohli by ste mi pomôcť?
    11 Nepotrebujem to.
    18 Nemohol som to nájsť.
    6 Ideš s nami?
    14 Nesmie o tom vedieť.
    19 Nebudem môcť prísť.
    9 Vyzerá to dobre.
    7 Mal by si jej zavolať.

    Slovo sightseeing je zloženinou slov sights (pamiatky, pamätihodnosti) a seeing (videnie, pozeranie), teda “prezeranie pamiatok”. Places to visit sú miesta, ktoré sa oplatí navštíviť.