Exercises

Exercise 1

    • Preložte do slovenčiny.

    19 That sounds interesting.
    18 There's no need to worry.
    5 He tries hard to be the best.
    8 We met several times.
    1 What are you watching?
    2 Take a look at this!
    16 Shall we sit down?
    13 Let's go shopping!
    14 She keeps talking about it.
    12 She never speaks to me.
    10 What time does your plane land?
    6 It'll be best to take a taxi.
    3 Tell him not to buy it.
    11 I'll pick you up at the airport.
    7 It was nice meeting you.
    4 She knew nothing about it.
    9 Is this your first time here?
    17 I spent an hour looking for it.
    20 It feels great!
    15 He doesn't care about her.

    Feel je cítiť alebo cítiť sa, ale možno ho použiť aj keď opisujeme, aký pocit niečo vyvoláva. Napr. It feels good. - Je to dobrý pocit., It feels cold. - Chladí to.

    Exercise 2

    • Odpovedzte celou vetou kladne a potom záporne.

    9 Could he do it for us?
    8 Should I tell her?
    7 Do they agree?
    10 Am I right?
    6 Will you be there?
    1 Are you hungry?
    3 Can they help us?
    2 Does he know?
    5 Is she coming too?
    4 Have you got any money?

    Right znamená správny či správne. Možno ho ale tiež použiť v uisťovacích otázkach. Napr. Is that right? - Je to tak? či iba Right? - Že (áno)?

    Exercise 3

    • Tvorte otázky. Pýtajte sa na zvýraznené slová.

    11 He's got no children.
    1 I'm watching the news.
    8 She's afraid of flying.
    7 Bob broke his leg last week.
    2 Frank is coming too.
    5 It costs twenty dollars.
    9 He goes there twice a week.
    10 We got there at seven.
    3 They're going to arrange it.
    6 Only ten people came there.
    4 We'll meet on Wednesday.
    12 It's going to take a week.

    Exercise 4

    • Napíšte po anglicky celými slovami číselné údaje.

    11 bus number 102
    4 3,500
    1 on May 1st and 26th
    13 Charles II and Henry VIII
    6 0.05 seconds
    8 9,756,004
    3 246 people
    7 35,785
    5 4.6,000,000
    10 in the 1980s
    12 phone number 670098883
    9 in the year 2015
    2 He was 52nd.

    V písanej angličtine (hl. v novinách ap.) môžete často v kontexte súm a hodnôt naraziť na skratky K či k pre tisíce (z anglického kilo) a M či m pre milióny million. Napr. They spent $2.5M - “Utratili 2,5 milióna dolárov.”, It cost $15k. - “Stálo to 15 tisíc dolárov.” Podobne sa používa aj skratka B či bn pre miliardy (billion).

    Exercise 5

    • Odpovedzte celou vetou podľa pomôcok.

    1 How often does he exercise? 3x a week
    14 Did you travel by bus? no, hire a car
    6 When is she coming back? on Friday
    13 When did you see him? last week
    9 What did you drink? only tea
    2 How many dogs does she have? 2 dogs
    7 What did they want? more money
    4 What are we going to do? ask them for help
    8 Did he cause any problems? no problems
    12 What did she tell you? nothing
    5 How much did it cost? 2000 dollars
    3 When did she come back? at 2 a.m.
    11 Were there any problems? lots of
    10 Did you have a good time? great time

    Sloveso hire možno v britskej angličtine použiť aj na človeka a vec. V americkej angličtine sa ale hire užíva len na pracovníkov. Na prenájom vecí (požičiavanie za peniaze) sa v USA užíva rent. Napr.: We rented a car. - Požičali sme si auto. ap.

    Exercise 6

    • Tvorte vety opačného významu.

    5 She doesn't like travelling.
    9 They could help us.
    10 We'll be able to come.
    1 He speaks English.
    4 You should eat less meat.
    7 She's got a lot of friends.
    6 There's too much water.
    2 She should tell them.
    3 I'm going to tell him.
    8 There were more people.

    Exercise 7

    • Tvorte oznamovacie vety v prítomnom, budúcom a jednoduchom minulom čase.

    7 we, spend weekends abroad
    5 I, give him, the money
    10 the car, be, not expensive
    6 she, sit between us
    9 he, not like the food
    1 he, speak about it
    4 we, meet, on the bus
    8 our dog, not eat that
    3 she, send us, messages
    2 my parents, know

    Exercise 8

    • Povedzte po anglicky. Využite pomôcky.

    8 Nehádajme sa!
    let, argue
    7 To bude omnoho lepšie.
    better
    9 Pekne to vonia.
    smell
    3 Nech mi zavolá! (on)
    let, call
    2 Poďme ku mne (domov)!
    my place
    5 Nehovor mu o tom!
    tell
    6 Požiadaj ju, nech príde.
    ask, come
    4 Vyzerá to zaujímavo.
    look
    10 To je ale škoda!
    pity
    1 To znie dobre!
    sound

    Exercise 9

    • Upravte vety do času jednoduchého prítomného a jednoduchého minulého.

    3 It's snowing.
    4 She's making dinner.
    6 He's coming.
    9 He's bringing her flowers.
    5 School is beginning.
    1 She's feeling good.
    8 I'm writing some e-mails.
    2 Bob is trying hard.
    10 I'm drinking beer.
    7 She's sleeping late.

    Exercise 10

    • Doplňte 2. alebo 3. stupeň prídavných mien.

    2 My dog is big, but his dog is even .
    9 He tried so hard. He really did his .
    5 My idea was bad but his idea is even .
    4 That house is expensive, but this house is much .
    3 He may be fast, but he isn't the in the world.
    1 He's tall but he isn't the boy in the family.
    11 He's good at tennis, but I am much .
    12 There were only 9 people last time, but today there are even .
    10 You didn't try enough. You must try next time.
    6 It's such a bad film! I think it's the film of all.
    7 Jane is so beautiful. She's the girl that I know.
    8 It's very dangerous. You should be careful.

    Pozor na predložku: be good at ... - byť dobrý v... Napr.: He's good at it. - Ide mu to., Je v tom dobrý., I'm really bad at that. - To mi vôbec nejde. Slovo even sa používa na zdôraznenie ako slovenské ešte alebo dokonca či v zápore ani. Napr. He didn't even say goodbye. - Ani sa nerozlúčil. ap.

    Exercise 11

    • Použite gerundium na vytvorenie vety s rovnakým významom.

    12 I can remember that he told her.
    2 They love to sing.
    7 It should be easy to repair.
    6 He hates it when he gets up early.
    8 It will be hard to solve.
    1 He likes to play games.
    10 I hate it when people lie to me.
    5 We love it when we go out.
    11 She works hard and she enjoys it.
    4 He continued to read.
    3 Music started to play.
    9 I dislike it when I have to wait.

    Exercise 12

    • Preložte. Sústreďte sa na predložky.

    4 people aged between 30 and 50
    6 I'll wait outside the shop.
    10 I'm ready for anything.
    8 He lives in the flat above me.
    11 You can't take it on the plane.
    2 You are among friends.
    5 The worst is behind us.
    7 What else do you like besides watching TV?
    9 He sits in front of the TV.
    3 It's just around the corner.
    14 Someone's knocking at the door.
    13 We are open from 8 a.m. to 6 p.m.
    1 She left for work an hour ago.
    12 Go down this road.

    Zaklopať na niečo je síce po anglicky to knock on, napr. He knocked on the door., ale pokiaľ niekto stojí pri dverách a klope, použije sa bežne aj at the door. Fráza to answer the door potom znamená: (ísť) otvoriť (niekomu, kto klope, zvoní).

    Exercise 13

    • Vyberte správnu predložku.

    4 There are lots of people at/in/about the streets.
    9 My birthday is at/on/in 3rd March.
    2 It's (a) quarter to/at/from six.
    13 Meet me on/to/at the airport in/at/on eight o'clock.
    6 We often meet at/on/inside the bus or in/on/at the bus stop.
    8 Walk over/through/by the bridge and then turn left.
    5 She asked me to/at/for it and I gave it for/to/at her.
    7 She's afraid to/of/about flying.
    11 What are you doing in/at/on Friday?
    1 We'll meet at half to/after/past seven in/at/to my place.
    3 It's freezing outside. The temperature is under/below/behind zero.
    10 We were at/in/on the seaside not on/in/at the mountains.
    12 I'll make a reservation in/at/to the Marriott Hotel.

    Príkaz: Meet me ... možno preložiť ako Stretneme sa... (tam a tam).

    Užitočná fráza: without somebody's knowing - bez niečieho vedomia. Napr.: He did it without my knowing. - Urobil to bez môjho vedomia.

    Exercise 15

    • Spojte súvisiace výroky.

    • 1 Why did Jane leave?
    • 2 Can we go now?
    • 3 Did you tell anybody?
    • 4 Did you speak to Bob?
    • 5 Where did you meet?
    • 6 How often do you go there?
    • 7 Will you come to the party?
    • 8 Did you go on holiday?
    • 9 Does he have any siblings?
    • 10 How much did it cost?
    • a No, I told nobody.
    • i Usually twice a week.
    • e No, I won't be able to.
    • d Yes, we went on a road trip.
    • h It wasn't very expensive.
    • c She had to go to work.
    • j No, he's an only child.
    • b We met on the bus.
    • f No, we'll have to wait.
    • g Yes, I spoke to him last week.

    Road trip rəʊdtrɪp je dlhšia cesta pre zábavu podniknutá hl. autom. Napr.: We went on a road trip around the US. - Obišli sme autom USA.

    Exercise 16

    • Vyberte správne slovo.

    13 He made much/many mistakes.
    14 There was few/little rain last year.
    18 Are there any other/another ideas?
    19 How many/much beers did you have?
    3 There will be many/much people.
    1 How many/much will it cost?
    4 I tried it many/much times.
    6 That's too much/many money.
    15 He causes too many/much trouble.
    12 I speak very little/few English.
    16 It'll be many/much better.
    7 There were less/fewer people.
    10 How many/much water do you drink every day?
    2 He doesn't eat many/much meat.
    11 There are little/few cars in the streets.
    5 There wasn't very/much time.
    8 I have only little/a few friends.
    9 It should take only little/few time.
    17 He should get other/another chance.

    Látkové podstatné mená ako tea, coffee, beer ap., sú síce všeobecne nepočítateľné, ale ak hovoríme o konkrétnych porciách, druhoch ap., ide už o slovo počítateľné. Takže napr.: You drink too much coffee., ale I had too many coffees., podobne I drank too much beer., ale How many beers did you have? ap.

    Exercise 17

    • Preložte pomocou účelového neurčitku.

    10 Musíme sa poponáhľať, aby sme tam boli včas. hurry, in time
    2 Povedz jej, nech počká. tell, wait
    7 Povedz im, aby na nás nečakali. tell, wait
    9 Učím sa po anglicky, aby som rozumel cudzincom. learn, understand, foreigner
    11 Zavolám bratovi, aby ma odviezol na letisko. call, take, to the airport
    13 Žiadala ma, aby som jej dal ďalšiu šancu. ask, give, chance
    5 Som tu, aby som sa s ňou porozprával. speak to
    4 Aby si mal peniaze, musíš pracovať. work, have money
    12 Beriem si taxík, aby som neprišiel neskoro. take, taxi, be late
    6 Potrebujem, aby si mi pomohol. need you, help
    3 Volám, aby som ti povedal... call, tell
    8 Chcem, aby si to urobil hneď. want you, do, right now
    1 Požiadaj ho, aby mi to poslal. ask, send

    By chance znamená náhodou. They met by chance. - Stretli sa náhodou.

    Exercise 18

    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    4 If it is hot/cold/late, I will wear a coat.
    8 It's early. If you call him now, you'll spend/wake/keep him.
    13 Don't open the door unless you feel/know/smell the person behind it.
    5 How can he know that if somebody/nobody/everybody told him?
    11 If you don't have a phone, you can use my/me/mine.
    1 If you eat too much, you will be smart/fat/rich.
    9 If you drink 5 beers, you'll be tall/drunk/broken.
    10 If you're tired, you should have a look/rest/pity.
    12 If it's expensive/broken/lost, someone should repair it.
    3 If he's so smart, why isn't he tall/rich/broken?
    2 If you aren't sure, you had/should/shall ask somebody.
    6 She'll like you more if you leave/quit/let smoking.
    7 If you don't know what to do, ask everybody/somebody/nobody.

    Nezamieňajte anglické feel (cítiť - dotykom, mať pocit) a smell (cítiť čuchom)! Napr.: Can you smell it? - “Cítiš to?”. Sloveso smell of ... je v angličtine všeobecne neutrálne (znamená byť cítiť čím) napr. It smells of petrol. - “Je to cítiť benzínom.”, smell good/nice je voňať a smell bad je páchnuť, smrdieť. V niektorých prípadoch však má už samotné smell negatívny kontext. Napr.: Your feet smell! - “Smrdia ti nohy!”, His breath smells. - “Páchne mu z úst.” ap.

    Exercise 19

    • Doplňte slova: soon, early, late, later, in time

    9 Please let me know as as possible!
    10 We agreed to meet at 6 and it's 6:20. You are again!
    3 I'm leaving home now. I'll be there .
    5 He'll call me in an hour, so we should know .
    6 I hate people being late, so be there .
    8 She lived there in the 1990s. It was around 1992.
    2 Last time he was late and today he's . He's never on time.
    4 I have no time now. I'll look at it .
    1 He just left for a minute. He should be back .
    7 He went to bed late. Don't wake him too .

    Agree with... je súhlasiť s..., ale spojenie: agree on ... alebo tiež agree to (do) ... znamená skôr dohodnúť sa na... (niečom). Agreed! əˈgriːd je po slovensky Platí!, Dohodnuté! či Súhlasím!

    Exercise 20

    • Doplňte podľa kontextu tvary slovesa do alebo make.

    6 Do you any sports?
    14 He it to her happy.
    15 Stop fun of me!
    3 She's dinner just now.
    11 I only have 10 dollars. Will it ? - No, it costs 15 dollars.
    12 Who's going to the shopping?
    7 It doesn't sense. I get it.
    2 What are you here? Are you waiting for someone?
    1 You are a big mistake!
    8 How much money does he ?
    13 We're late but we can still it in time.
    4 You should your homework now.
    9 Can you a reservation for me? I'll my best.
    5 I need to a phone call.
    10 Please sure that you have enough money.

    Všimnite si, ako sa anglické sloveso do spája s podstatnými menami končiacimi na -ing (často gerundiom). Vzniká tak veľa užitočných ustálených spojení ako napr. do the washing up - umyť riad, do the cleaning - upratať, Let me do the talking. - Nechaj hovoriť mňa., I did a lot of thinking. - Veľa som premýšľal. ap.

    Exercise 21

    • Povedzte po anglicky. Použite gerundium, kde je to možné.

    9 Nezmienil sa, že pôjde do Londýna. mention, go to London
    5 Ona mi stále volá. keep, call, all the time
    10 Chýba mi život na vidieku. miss, live in the country
    7 Vieš si predstaviť, že by si tu zostal? imagine, stay
    2 Radšej cestujem vlakom. prefer, travel by train
    3 Je to lepšie než sedieť doma. sit at home
    8 Mrzí ma, že som to povedal. be sorry for, say that
    4 Skúšaj to ďalej! keep, try
    1 Rád pozeráš televíziu? watch TV
    6 Kedy to dopíšeš? finish, write

    Sloveso miss možno po slovensky preložiť ako chýbať, treba ale dávať pozor na obrátenie podmetu a predmetu! Napr.: I miss you. - Chýbaš mi., He misses his friends. - Chýbajú mu jeho priatelia., I'm missing two books. - Chýbajú mi dve knihy. Pozor! Podstatné meno Miss je po slovensky slečna (pred menom ap.).

    Exercise 22

    • Vyberte správne slovo podľa výkladu.

    2 The mother of your father is your: grandfather/grandmother/daughter
    5 A husband and his wife are: married/widowed/single
    1 Your mother and father are your: siblings/parents/husbands
    9 If a woman's husband dies, she is: divorced/an orphan/a widow
    6 A man who is not married is: free/single/double
    8 A child with no parents is: a widow/an orphan/a sibling
    3 If children are brothers or sisters, the are siblings/relatives/married
    7 A person with no siblings is: an only child/a widow/a learner
    4 The son of a man's daughter is his: grandpa/grandparent/grandson
    10 If two people were married but they aren't married now, they are: husbands/widowed/divorced

    Exercise 23

    • Doplňte podľa kontextu other, another alebo else.

    9 Nobody knows that.
    3 What will you need?
    2 What do people think?
    4 What things do you like?
    1 Why do you need car?
    8 I'll come time.
    10 George is just New Yorker visiting London.
    5 Let's go somewhere .
    6 We will find some place.
    7 Is there anything I can do for you?

    Koncovka -er sa používa aj na tvorenie názvov obyvateľov istého mesta či miesta. Napr.: Londoner ˈlʌndənə (Londýnčan), New Yorker njuː jɔːkə (Newyorčan), village (dedina) - villager ˈvɪlɪdʒə (dedinčan), island (ostrov) - islander ˈaɪləndə (ostrovan) ap. Nemožno ju však takto použiť vždy! Napr. Parížan je Parisian pəˈrɪzɪən, Riman je Roman ˈrəʊmən ap.

    Exercise 24

    • Preložte.

    5 Mal som veľa práce.
    16 Strávili sme týždeň pri mori.
    17 Museli sme čakať.
    20 Prezreli sme si pamiatky.
    3 Chodí do práce autom.
    18 Nemohol som to nájsť.
    6 Ideš s nami?
    11 Nepotrebujem to.
    4 Prečo si mi to neposlal?
    2 Mohli by ste mi pomôcť?
    19 Nebudem môcť prísť.
    14 Nesmie o tom vedieť.
    15 Prídem o pol šiestej.
    12 Idem nakupovať.
    1 Kde si včera bol?
    7 Mal by si jej zavolať.
    13 John tam chodí každý deň.
    10 Koľko to stojí?
    9 Vyzerá to dobre.
    8 Kto ti to povedal?

    Slovo sightseeing je zloženinou slov sights (pamiatky, pamätihodnosti) a seeing (videnie, pozeranie), teda “prezeranie pamiatok”. Places to visit sú miesta, ktoré sa oplatí navštíviť.