Exercises

Exercise 1

    • Preložte do slovenčiny.

    1 What are you watching?
    17 I spent an hour looking for it.
    14 She keeps talking about it.
    18 There's no need to worry.
    4 She knew nothing about it.
    3 Tell him not to buy it.
    8 We met several times.
    16 Shall we sit down?
    20 It feels great!
    12 She never speaks to me.
    19 That sounds interesting.
    7 It was nice meeting you.
    5 He tries hard to be the best.
    13 Let's go shopping!
    9 Is this your first time here?
    6 It'll be best to take a taxi.
    11 I'll pick you up at the airport.
    10 What time does your plane land?
    2 Take a look at this!
    15 He doesn't care about her.

    Feel je cítiť alebo cítiť sa, ale možno ho použiť aj keď opisujeme, aký pocit niečo vyvoláva. Napr. It feels good. - Je to dobrý pocit., It feels cold. - Chladí to.

    Exercise 2

    • Odpovedzte celou vetou kladne a potom záporne.

    6 Will you be there?
    7 Do they agree?
    10 Am I right?
    3 Can they help us?
    1 Are you hungry?
    9 Could he do it for us?
    8 Should I tell her?
    4 Have you got any money?
    2 Does he know?
    5 Is she coming too?

    Right znamená správny či správne. Možno ho ale tiež použiť v uisťovacích otázkach. Napr. Is that right? - Je to tak? či iba Right? - Že (áno)?

    Exercise 3

    • Tvorte otázky. Pýtajte sa na zvýraznené slová.

    5 It costs twenty dollars.
    1 I'm watching the news.
    2 Frank is coming too.
    4 We'll meet on Wednesday.
    3 They're going to arrange it.
    11 He's got no children.
    12 It's going to take a week.
    9 He goes there twice a week.
    7 Bob broke his leg last week.
    10 We got there at seven.
    6 Only ten people came there.
    8 She's afraid of flying.

    Exercise 4

    • Napíšte po anglicky celými slovami číselné údaje.

    13 Charles II and Henry VIII
    11 bus number 102
    8 9,756,004
    5 4.6,000,000
    3 246 people
    7 35,785
    12 phone number 670098883
    6 0.05 seconds
    2 He was 52nd.
    9 in the year 2015
    4 3,500
    1 on May 1st and 26th
    10 in the 1980s

    V písanej angličtine (hl. v novinách ap.) môžete často v kontexte súm a hodnôt naraziť na skratky K či k pre tisíce (z anglického kilo) a M či m pre milióny million. Napr. They spent $2.5M - “Utratili 2,5 milióna dolárov.”, It cost $15k. - “Stálo to 15 tisíc dolárov.” Podobne sa používa aj skratka B či bn pre miliardy (billion).

    Exercise 5

    • Odpovedzte celou vetou podľa pomôcok.

    13 When did you see him? last week
    4 What are we going to do? ask them for help
    3 When did she come back? at 2 a.m.
    7 What did they want? more money
    12 What did she tell you? nothing
    11 Were there any problems? lots of
    10 Did you have a good time? great time
    1 How often does he exercise? 3x a week
    6 When is she coming back? on Friday
    9 What did you drink? only tea
    8 Did he cause any problems? no problems
    2 How many dogs does she have? 2 dogs
    14 Did you travel by bus? no, hire a car
    5 How much did it cost? 2000 dollars

    Sloveso hire možno v britskej angličtine použiť aj na človeka a vec. V americkej angličtine sa ale hire užíva len na pracovníkov. Na prenájom vecí (požičiavanie za peniaze) sa v USA užíva rent. Napr.: We rented a car. - Požičali sme si auto. ap.

    Exercise 6

    • Tvorte vety opačného významu.

    7 She's got a lot of friends.
    2 She should tell them.
    1 He speaks English.
    9 They could help us.
    5 She doesn't like travelling.
    4 You should eat less meat.
    8 There were more people.
    10 We'll be able to come.
    6 There's too much water.
    3 I'm going to tell him.

    Exercise 7

    • Tvorte oznamovacie vety v prítomnom, budúcom a jednoduchom minulom čase.

    2 my parents, know
    3 she, send us, messages
    8 our dog, not eat that
    5 I, give him, the money
    10 the car, be, not expensive
    1 he, speak about it
    4 we, meet, on the bus
    7 we, spend weekends abroad
    9 he, not like the food
    6 she, sit between us

    Exercise 8

    • Povedzte po anglicky. Využite pomôcky.

    10 To je ale škoda!
    pity
    9 Pekne to vonia.
    smell
    8 Nehádajme sa!
    let, argue
    7 To bude omnoho lepšie.
    better
    5 Nehovor mu o tom!
    tell
    3 Nech mi zavolá! (on)
    let, call
    4 Vyzerá to zaujímavo.
    look
    2 Poďme ku mne (domov)!
    my place
    6 Požiadaj ju, nech príde.
    ask, come
    1 To znie dobre!
    sound

    Exercise 9

    • Upravte vety do času jednoduchého prítomného a jednoduchého minulého.

    2 Bob is trying hard.
    6 He's coming.
    9 He's bringing her flowers.
    4 She's making dinner.
    10 I'm drinking beer.
    7 She's sleeping late.
    8 I'm writing some e-mails.
    5 School is beginning.
    1 She's feeling good.
    3 It's snowing.

    Exercise 10

    • Doplňte 2. alebo 3. stupeň prídavných mien.

    9 He tried so hard. He really did his .
    6 It's such a bad film! I think it's the film of all.
    5 My idea was bad but his idea is even .
    7 Jane is so beautiful. She's the girl that I know.
    11 He's good at tennis, but I am much .
    8 It's very dangerous. You should be careful.
    2 My dog is big, but his dog is even .
    10 You didn't try enough. You must try next time.
    12 There were only 9 people last time, but today there are even .
    3 He may be fast, but he isn't the in the world.
    4 That house is expensive, but this house is much .
    1 He's tall but he isn't the boy in the family.

    Pozor na predložku: be good at ... - byť dobrý v... Napr.: He's good at it. - Ide mu to., Je v tom dobrý., I'm really bad at that. - To mi vôbec nejde. Slovo even sa používa na zdôraznenie ako slovenské ešte alebo dokonca či v zápore ani. Napr. He didn't even say goodbye. - Ani sa nerozlúčil. ap.

    Exercise 11

    • Použite gerundium na vytvorenie vety s rovnakým významom.

    10 I hate it when people lie to me.
    7 It should be easy to repair.
    11 She works hard and she enjoys it.
    6 He hates it when he gets up early.
    5 We love it when we go out.
    9 I dislike it when I have to wait.
    4 He continued to read.
    1 He likes to play games.
    12 I can remember that he told her.
    2 They love to sing.
    3 Music started to play.
    8 It will be hard to solve.

    Exercise 12

    • Preložte. Sústreďte sa na predložky.

    4 people aged between 30 and 50
    14 Someone's knocking at the door.
    2 You are among friends.
    9 He sits in front of the TV.
    7 What else do you like besides watching TV?
    1 She left for work an hour ago.
    3 It's just around the corner.
    13 We are open from 8 a.m. to 6 p.m.
    10 I'm ready for anything.
    11 You can't take it on the plane.
    12 Go down this road.
    5 The worst is behind us.
    8 He lives in the flat above me.
    6 I'll wait outside the shop.

    Zaklopať na niečo je síce po anglicky to knock on, napr. He knocked on the door., ale pokiaľ niekto stojí pri dverách a klope, použije sa bežne aj at the door. Fráza to answer the door potom znamená: (ísť) otvoriť (niekomu, kto klope, zvoní).

    Exercise 13

    • Vyberte správnu predložku.

    1 We'll meet at half to/after/past seven in/at/to my place.
    13 Meet me on/to/at the airport in/at/on eight o'clock.
    12 I'll make a reservation in/at/to the Marriott Hotel.
    6 We often meet at/on/inside the bus or in/on/at the bus stop.
    5 She asked me to/at/for it and I gave it for/to/at her.
    3 It's freezing outside. The temperature is under/below/behind zero.
    10 We were at/in/on the seaside not on/in/at the mountains.
    9 My birthday is at/on/in 3rd March.
    7 She's afraid to/of/about flying.
    8 Walk over/through/by the bridge and then turn left.
    4 There are lots of people at/in/about the streets.
    11 What are you doing in/at/on Friday?
    2 It's (a) quarter to/at/from six.

    Príkaz: Meet me ... možno preložiť ako Stretneme sa... (tam a tam).

    Užitočná fráza: without somebody's knowing - bez niečieho vedomia. Napr.: He did it without my knowing. - Urobil to bez môjho vedomia.

    Exercise 15

    • Spojte súvisiace výroky.

    • 1 Why did Jane leave?
    • 2 Can we go now?
    • 3 Did you tell anybody?
    • 4 Did you speak to Bob?
    • 5 Where did you meet?
    • 6 How often do you go there?
    • 7 Will you come to the party?
    • 8 Did you go on holiday?
    • 9 Does he have any siblings?
    • 10 How much did it cost?
    • j No, he's an only child.
    • e No, I won't be able to.
    • d Yes, we went on a road trip.
    • h It wasn't very expensive.
    • g Yes, I spoke to him last week.
    • b We met on the bus.
    • i Usually twice a week.
    • f No, we'll have to wait.
    • c She had to go to work.
    • a No, I told nobody.

    Road trip rəʊdtrɪp je dlhšia cesta pre zábavu podniknutá hl. autom. Napr.: We went on a road trip around the US. - Obišli sme autom USA.

    Exercise 16

    • Vyberte správne slovo.

    13 He made much/many mistakes.
    1 How many/much will it cost?
    3 There will be many/much people.
    12 I speak very little/few English.
    5 There wasn't very/much time.
    9 It should take only little/few time.
    14 There was few/little rain last year.
    11 There are little/few cars in the streets.
    17 He should get other/another chance.
    16 It'll be many/much better.
    8 I have only little/a few friends.
    7 There were less/fewer people.
    10 How many/much water do you drink every day?
    15 He causes too many/much trouble.
    19 How many/much beers did you have?
    18 Are there any other/another ideas?
    2 He doesn't eat many/much meat.
    4 I tried it many/much times.
    6 That's too much/many money.

    Látkové podstatné mená ako tea, coffee, beer ap., sú síce všeobecne nepočítateľné, ale ak hovoríme o konkrétnych porciách, druhoch ap., ide už o slovo počítateľné. Takže napr.: You drink too much coffee., ale I had too many coffees., podobne I drank too much beer., ale How many beers did you have? ap.

    Exercise 17

    • Preložte pomocou účelového neurčitku.

    9 Učím sa po anglicky, aby som rozumel cudzincom. learn, understand, foreigner
    7 Povedz im, aby na nás nečakali. tell, wait
    8 Chcem, aby si to urobil hneď. want you, do, right now
    2 Povedz jej, nech počká. tell, wait
    13 Žiadala ma, aby som jej dal ďalšiu šancu. ask, give, chance
    1 Požiadaj ho, aby mi to poslal. ask, send
    6 Potrebujem, aby si mi pomohol. need you, help
    12 Beriem si taxík, aby som neprišiel neskoro. take, taxi, be late
    5 Som tu, aby som sa s ňou porozprával. speak to
    11 Zavolám bratovi, aby ma odviezol na letisko. call, take, to the airport
    10 Musíme sa poponáhľať, aby sme tam boli včas. hurry, in time
    3 Volám, aby som ti povedal... call, tell
    4 Aby si mal peniaze, musíš pracovať. work, have money

    By chance znamená náhodou. They met by chance. - Stretli sa náhodou.

    Exercise 18

    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    11 If you don't have a phone, you can use my/me/mine.
    4 If it is hot/cold/late, I will wear a coat.
    2 If you aren't sure, you had/should/shall ask somebody.
    12 If it's expensive/broken/lost, someone should repair it.
    10 If you're tired, you should have a look/rest/pity.
    8 It's early. If you call him now, you'll spend/wake/keep him.
    1 If you eat too much, you will be smart/fat/rich.
    3 If he's so smart, why isn't he tall/rich/broken?
    6 She'll like you more if you leave/quit/let smoking.
    7 If you don't know what to do, ask everybody/somebody/nobody.
    5 How can he know that if somebody/nobody/everybody told him?
    13 Don't open the door unless you feel/know/smell the person behind it.
    9 If you drink 5 beers, you'll be tall/drunk/broken.

    Nezamieňajte anglické feel (cítiť - dotykom, mať pocit) a smell (cítiť čuchom)! Napr.: Can you smell it? - “Cítiš to?”. Sloveso smell of ... je v angličtine všeobecne neutrálne (znamená byť cítiť čím) napr. It smells of petrol. - “Je to cítiť benzínom.”, smell good/nice je voňať a smell bad je páchnuť, smrdieť. V niektorých prípadoch však má už samotné smell negatívny kontext. Napr.: Your feet smell! - “Smrdia ti nohy!”, His breath smells. - “Páchne mu z úst.” ap.

    Exercise 19

    • Doplňte slova: soon, early, late, later, in time

    7 He went to bed late. Don't wake him too .
    5 He'll call me in an hour, so we should know .
    4 I have no time now. I'll look at it .
    6 I hate people being late, so be there .
    3 I'm leaving home now. I'll be there .
    8 She lived there in the 1990s. It was around 1992.
    2 Last time he was late and today he's . He's never on time.
    1 He just left for a minute. He should be back .
    10 We agreed to meet at 6 and it's 6:20. You are again!
    9 Please let me know as as possible!

    Agree with... je súhlasiť s..., ale spojenie: agree on ... alebo tiež agree to (do) ... znamená skôr dohodnúť sa na... (niečom). Agreed! əˈgriːd je po slovensky Platí!, Dohodnuté! či Súhlasím!

    Exercise 20

    • Doplňte podľa kontextu tvary slovesa do alebo make.

    15 Stop fun of me!
    7 It doesn't sense. I get it.
    9 Can you a reservation for me? I'll my best.
    3 She's dinner just now.
    2 What are you here? Are you waiting for someone?
    4 You should your homework now.
    10 Please sure that you have enough money.
    5 I need to a phone call.
    14 He it to her happy.
    12 Who's going to the shopping?
    8 How much money does he ?
    1 You are a big mistake!
    13 We're late but we can still it in time.
    6 Do you any sports?
    11 I only have 10 dollars. Will it ? - No, it costs 15 dollars.

    Všimnite si, ako sa anglické sloveso do spája s podstatnými menami končiacimi na -ing (často gerundiom). Vzniká tak veľa užitočných ustálených spojení ako napr. do the washing up - umyť riad, do the cleaning - upratať, Let me do the talking. - Nechaj hovoriť mňa., I did a lot of thinking. - Veľa som premýšľal. ap.

    Exercise 21

    • Povedzte po anglicky. Použite gerundium, kde je to možné.

    2 Radšej cestujem vlakom. prefer, travel by train
    4 Skúšaj to ďalej! keep, try
    1 Rád pozeráš televíziu? watch TV
    5 Ona mi stále volá. keep, call, all the time
    7 Vieš si predstaviť, že by si tu zostal? imagine, stay
    3 Je to lepšie než sedieť doma. sit at home
    8 Mrzí ma, že som to povedal. be sorry for, say that
    10 Chýba mi život na vidieku. miss, live in the country
    9 Nezmienil sa, že pôjde do Londýna. mention, go to London
    6 Kedy to dopíšeš? finish, write

    Sloveso miss možno po slovensky preložiť ako chýbať, treba ale dávať pozor na obrátenie podmetu a predmetu! Napr.: I miss you. - Chýbaš mi., He misses his friends. - Chýbajú mu jeho priatelia., I'm missing two books. - Chýbajú mi dve knihy. Pozor! Podstatné meno Miss je po slovensky slečna (pred menom ap.).

    Exercise 22

    • Vyberte správne slovo podľa výkladu.

    10 If two people were married but they aren't married now, they are: husbands/widowed/divorced
    4 The son of a man's daughter is his: grandpa/grandparent/grandson
    6 A man who is not married is: free/single/double
    3 If children are brothers or sisters, the are siblings/relatives/married
    8 A child with no parents is: a widow/an orphan/a sibling
    7 A person with no siblings is: an only child/a widow/a learner
    1 Your mother and father are your: siblings/parents/husbands
    2 The mother of your father is your: grandfather/grandmother/daughter
    9 If a woman's husband dies, she is: divorced/an orphan/a widow
    5 A husband and his wife are: married/widowed/single

    Exercise 23

    • Doplňte podľa kontextu other, another alebo else.

    2 What do people think?
    8 I'll come time.
    7 Is there anything I can do for you?
    6 We will find some place.
    4 What things do you like?
    5 Let's go somewhere .
    1 Why do you need car?
    10 George is just New Yorker visiting London.
    3 What will you need?
    9 Nobody knows that.

    Koncovka -er sa používa aj na tvorenie názvov obyvateľov istého mesta či miesta. Napr.: Londoner ˈlʌndənə (Londýnčan), New Yorker njuː jɔːkə (Newyorčan), village (dedina) - villager ˈvɪlɪdʒə (dedinčan), island (ostrov) - islander ˈaɪləndə (ostrovan) ap. Nemožno ju však takto použiť vždy! Napr. Parížan je Parisian pəˈrɪzɪən, Riman je Roman ˈrəʊmən ap.

    Exercise 24

    • Preložte.

    6 Ideš s nami?
    15 Prídem o pol šiestej.
    8 Kto ti to povedal?
    10 Koľko to stojí?
    13 John tam chodí každý deň.
    12 Idem nakupovať.
    18 Nemohol som to nájsť.
    1 Kde si včera bol?
    17 Museli sme čakať.
    9 Vyzerá to dobre.
    14 Nesmie o tom vedieť.
    20 Prezreli sme si pamiatky.
    4 Prečo si mi to neposlal?
    16 Strávili sme týždeň pri mori.
    5 Mal som veľa práce.
    19 Nebudem môcť prísť.
    11 Nepotrebujem to.
    3 Chodí do práce autom.
    7 Mal by si jej zavolať.
    2 Mohli by ste mi pomôcť?

    Slovo sightseeing je zloženinou slov sights (pamiatky, pamätihodnosti) a seeing (videnie, pozeranie), teda “prezeranie pamiatok”. Places to visit sú miesta, ktoré sa oplatí navštíviť.