Exercises

Exercise 1

    • Preložte do slovenčiny.

    4 She knew nothing about it.
    11 I'll pick you up at the airport.
    18 There's no need to worry.
    10 What time does your plane land?
    13 Let's go shopping!
    15 He doesn't care about her.
    5 He tries hard to be the best.
    7 It was nice meeting you.
    14 She keeps talking about it.
    20 It feels great!
    8 We met several times.
    6 It'll be best to take a taxi.
    19 That sounds interesting.
    3 Tell him not to buy it.
    2 Take a look at this!
    9 Is this your first time here?
    12 She never speaks to me.
    16 Shall we sit down?
    1 What are you watching?
    17 I spent an hour looking for it.

    Feel je cítiť alebo cítiť sa, ale možno ho použiť aj keď opisujeme, aký pocit niečo vyvoláva. Napr. It feels good. - Je to dobrý pocit., It feels cold. - Chladí to.

    Exercise 2

    • Odpovedzte celou vetou kladne a potom záporne.

    2 Does he know?
    5 Is she coming too?
    4 Have you got any money?
    1 Are you hungry?
    8 Should I tell her?
    3 Can they help us?
    7 Do they agree?
    9 Could he do it for us?
    10 Am I right?
    6 Will you be there?

    Right znamená správny či správne. Možno ho ale tiež použiť v uisťovacích otázkach. Napr. Is that right? - Je to tak? či iba Right? - Že (áno)?

    Exercise 3

    • Tvorte otázky. Pýtajte sa na zvýraznené slová.

    12 It's going to take a week.
    3 They're going to arrange it.
    2 Frank is coming too.
    5 It costs twenty dollars.
    8 She's afraid of flying.
    9 He goes there twice a week.
    4 We'll meet on Wednesday.
    6 Only ten people came there.
    11 He's got no children.
    1 I'm watching the news.
    7 Bob broke his leg last week.
    10 We got there at seven.

    Exercise 4

    • Napíšte po anglicky celými slovami číselné údaje.

    10 in the 1980s
    8 9,756,004
    1 on May 1st and 26th
    5 4.6,000,000
    3 246 people
    6 0.05 seconds
    7 35,785
    13 Charles II and Henry VIII
    12 phone number 670098883
    4 3,500
    9 in the year 2015
    2 He was 52nd.
    11 bus number 102

    V písanej angličtine (hl. v novinách ap.) môžete často v kontexte súm a hodnôt naraziť na skratky K či k pre tisíce (z anglického kilo) a M či m pre milióny million. Napr. They spent $2.5M - “Utratili 2,5 milióna dolárov.”, It cost $15k. - “Stálo to 15 tisíc dolárov.” Podobne sa používa aj skratka B či bn pre miliardy (billion).

    Exercise 5

    • Odpovedzte celou vetou podľa pomôcok.

    6 When is she coming back? on Friday
    4 What are we going to do? ask them for help
    10 Did you have a good time? great time
    5 How much did it cost? 2000 dollars
    1 How often does he exercise? 3x a week
    13 When did you see him? last week
    2 How many dogs does she have? 2 dogs
    12 What did she tell you? nothing
    7 What did they want? more money
    14 Did you travel by bus? no, hire a car
    9 What did you drink? only tea
    8 Did he cause any problems? no problems
    3 When did she come back? at 2 a.m.
    11 Were there any problems? lots of

    Sloveso hire možno v britskej angličtine použiť aj na človeka a vec. V americkej angličtine sa ale hire užíva len na pracovníkov. Na prenájom vecí (požičiavanie za peniaze) sa v USA užíva rent. Napr.: We rented a car. - Požičali sme si auto. ap.

    Exercise 6

    • Tvorte vety opačného významu.

    10 We'll be able to come.
    4 You should eat less meat.
    5 She doesn't like travelling.
    8 There were more people.
    2 She should tell them.
    1 He speaks English.
    7 She's got a lot of friends.
    6 There's too much water.
    3 I'm going to tell him.
    9 They could help us.

    Exercise 7

    • Tvorte oznamovacie vety v prítomnom, budúcom a jednoduchom minulom čase.

    5 I, give him, the money
    10 the car, be, not expensive
    7 we, spend weekends abroad
    4 we, meet, on the bus
    9 he, not like the food
    3 she, send us, messages
    6 she, sit between us
    1 he, speak about it
    8 our dog, not eat that
    2 my parents, know

    Exercise 8

    • Povedzte po anglicky. Využite pomôcky.

    10 To je ale škoda!
    pity
    6 Požiadaj ju, nech príde.
    ask, come
    2 Poďme ku mne (domov)!
    my place
    7 To bude omnoho lepšie.
    better
    3 Nech mi zavolá! (on)
    let, call
    4 Vyzerá to zaujímavo.
    look
    9 Pekne to vonia.
    smell
    5 Nehovor mu o tom!
    tell
    8 Nehádajme sa!
    let, argue
    1 To znie dobre!
    sound

    Exercise 9

    • Upravte vety do času jednoduchého prítomného a jednoduchého minulého.

    1 She's feeling good.
    2 Bob is trying hard.
    4 She's making dinner.
    8 I'm writing some e-mails.
    10 I'm drinking beer.
    7 She's sleeping late.
    6 He's coming.
    9 He's bringing her flowers.
    5 School is beginning.
    3 It's snowing.

    Exercise 10

    • Doplňte 2. alebo 3. stupeň prídavných mien.

    12 There were only 9 people last time, but today there are even .
    8 It's very dangerous. You should be careful.
    3 He may be fast, but he isn't the in the world.
    10 You didn't try enough. You must try next time.
    6 It's such a bad film! I think it's the film of all.
    7 Jane is so beautiful. She's the girl that I know.
    1 He's tall but he isn't the boy in the family.
    4 That house is expensive, but this house is much .
    11 He's good at tennis, but I am much .
    5 My idea was bad but his idea is even .
    9 He tried so hard. He really did his .
    2 My dog is big, but his dog is even .

    Pozor na predložku: be good at ... - byť dobrý v... Napr.: He's good at it. - Ide mu to., Je v tom dobrý., I'm really bad at that. - To mi vôbec nejde. Slovo even sa používa na zdôraznenie ako slovenské ešte alebo dokonca či v zápore ani. Napr. He didn't even say goodbye. - Ani sa nerozlúčil. ap.

    Exercise 11

    • Použite gerundium na vytvorenie vety s rovnakým významom.

    1 He likes to play games.
    8 It will be hard to solve.
    7 It should be easy to repair.
    2 They love to sing.
    4 He continued to read.
    3 Music started to play.
    11 She works hard and she enjoys it.
    9 I dislike it when I have to wait.
    5 We love it when we go out.
    10 I hate it when people lie to me.
    6 He hates it when he gets up early.
    12 I can remember that he told her.

    Exercise 12

    • Preložte. Sústreďte sa na predložky.

    11 You can't take it on the plane.
    1 She left for work an hour ago.
    7 What else do you like besides watching TV?
    5 The worst is behind us.
    8 He lives in the flat above me.
    2 You are among friends.
    9 He sits in front of the TV.
    10 I'm ready for anything.
    6 I'll wait outside the shop.
    4 people aged between 30 and 50
    14 Someone's knocking at the door.
    12 Go down this road.
    13 We are open from 8 a.m. to 6 p.m.
    3 It's just around the corner.

    Zaklopať na niečo je síce po anglicky to knock on, napr. He knocked on the door., ale pokiaľ niekto stojí pri dverách a klope, použije sa bežne aj at the door. Fráza to answer the door potom znamená: (ísť) otvoriť (niekomu, kto klope, zvoní).

    Exercise 13

    • Vyberte správnu predložku.

    10 We were at/in/on the seaside not on/in/at the mountains.
    8 Walk over/through/by the bridge and then turn left.
    13 Meet me on/to/at the airport in/at/on eight o'clock.
    9 My birthday is at/on/in 3rd March.
    12 I'll make a reservation in/at/to the Marriott Hotel.
    7 She's afraid to/of/about flying.
    3 It's freezing outside. The temperature is under/below/behind zero.
    2 It's (a) quarter to/at/from six.
    11 What are you doing in/at/on Friday?
    6 We often meet at/on/inside the bus or in/on/at the bus stop.
    4 There are lots of people at/in/about the streets.
    5 She asked me to/at/for it and I gave it for/to/at her.
    1 We'll meet at half to/after/past seven in/at/to my place.

    Príkaz: Meet me ... možno preložiť ako Stretneme sa... (tam a tam).

    Užitočná fráza: without somebody's knowing - bez niečieho vedomia. Napr.: He did it without my knowing. - Urobil to bez môjho vedomia.

    Exercise 15

    • Spojte súvisiace výroky.

    • 1 Why did Jane leave?
    • 2 Can we go now?
    • 3 Did you tell anybody?
    • 4 Did you speak to Bob?
    • 5 Where did you meet?
    • 6 How often do you go there?
    • 7 Will you come to the party?
    • 8 Did you go on holiday?
    • 9 Does he have any siblings?
    • 10 How much did it cost?
    • j No, he's an only child.
    • e No, I won't be able to.
    • h It wasn't very expensive.
    • b We met on the bus.
    • d Yes, we went on a road trip.
    • i Usually twice a week.
    • c She had to go to work.
    • f No, we'll have to wait.
    • a No, I told nobody.
    • g Yes, I spoke to him last week.

    Road trip rəʊdtrɪp je dlhšia cesta pre zábavu podniknutá hl. autom. Napr.: We went on a road trip around the US. - Obišli sme autom USA.

    Exercise 16

    • Vyberte správne slovo.

    14 There was few/little rain last year.
    18 Are there any other/another ideas?
    7 There were less/fewer people.
    17 He should get other/another chance.
    15 He causes too many/much trouble.
    16 It'll be many/much better.
    4 I tried it many/much times.
    19 How many/much beers did you have?
    12 I speak very little/few English.
    8 I have only little/a few friends.
    11 There are little/few cars in the streets.
    3 There will be many/much people.
    1 How many/much will it cost?
    5 There wasn't very/much time.
    2 He doesn't eat many/much meat.
    10 How many/much water do you drink every day?
    6 That's too much/many money.
    13 He made much/many mistakes.
    9 It should take only little/few time.

    Látkové podstatné mená ako tea, coffee, beer ap., sú síce všeobecne nepočítateľné, ale ak hovoríme o konkrétnych porciách, druhoch ap., ide už o slovo počítateľné. Takže napr.: You drink too much coffee., ale I had too many coffees., podobne I drank too much beer., ale How many beers did you have? ap.

    Exercise 17

    • Preložte pomocou účelového neurčitku.

    5 Som tu, aby som sa s ňou porozprával. speak to
    7 Povedz im, aby na nás nečakali. tell, wait
    4 Aby si mal peniaze, musíš pracovať. work, have money
    8 Chcem, aby si to urobil hneď. want you, do, right now
    10 Musíme sa poponáhľať, aby sme tam boli včas. hurry, in time
    3 Volám, aby som ti povedal... call, tell
    12 Beriem si taxík, aby som neprišiel neskoro. take, taxi, be late
    9 Učím sa po anglicky, aby som rozumel cudzincom. learn, understand, foreigner
    11 Zavolám bratovi, aby ma odviezol na letisko. call, take, to the airport
    2 Povedz jej, nech počká. tell, wait
    13 Žiadala ma, aby som jej dal ďalšiu šancu. ask, give, chance
    1 Požiadaj ho, aby mi to poslal. ask, send
    6 Potrebujem, aby si mi pomohol. need you, help

    By chance znamená náhodou. They met by chance. - Stretli sa náhodou.

    Exercise 18

    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    13 Don't open the door unless you feel/know/smell the person behind it.
    5 How can he know that if somebody/nobody/everybody told him?
    8 It's early. If you call him now, you'll spend/wake/keep him.
    11 If you don't have a phone, you can use my/me/mine.
    9 If you drink 5 beers, you'll be tall/drunk/broken.
    10 If you're tired, you should have a look/rest/pity.
    7 If you don't know what to do, ask everybody/somebody/nobody.
    3 If he's so smart, why isn't he tall/rich/broken?
    12 If it's expensive/broken/lost, someone should repair it.
    6 She'll like you more if you leave/quit/let smoking.
    2 If you aren't sure, you had/should/shall ask somebody.
    4 If it is hot/cold/late, I will wear a coat.
    1 If you eat too much, you will be smart/fat/rich.

    Nezamieňajte anglické feel (cítiť - dotykom, mať pocit) a smell (cítiť čuchom)! Napr.: Can you smell it? - “Cítiš to?”. Sloveso smell of ... je v angličtine všeobecne neutrálne (znamená byť cítiť čím) napr. It smells of petrol. - “Je to cítiť benzínom.”, smell good/nice je voňať a smell bad je páchnuť, smrdieť. V niektorých prípadoch však má už samotné smell negatívny kontext. Napr.: Your feet smell! - “Smrdia ti nohy!”, His breath smells. - “Páchne mu z úst.” ap.

    Exercise 19

    • Doplňte slova: soon, early, late, later, in time

    5 He'll call me in an hour, so we should know .
    9 Please let me know as as possible!
    10 We agreed to meet at 6 and it's 6:20. You are again!
    6 I hate people being late, so be there .
    1 He just left for a minute. He should be back .
    3 I'm leaving home now. I'll be there .
    7 He went to bed late. Don't wake him too .
    8 She lived there in the 1990s. It was around 1992.
    4 I have no time now. I'll look at it .
    2 Last time he was late and today he's . He's never on time.

    Agree with... je súhlasiť s..., ale spojenie: agree on ... alebo tiež agree to (do) ... znamená skôr dohodnúť sa na... (niečom). Agreed! əˈgriːd je po slovensky Platí!, Dohodnuté! či Súhlasím!

    Exercise 20

    • Doplňte podľa kontextu tvary slovesa do alebo make.

    15 Stop fun of me!
    12 Who's going to the shopping?
    8 How much money does he ?
    2 What are you here? Are you waiting for someone?
    6 Do you any sports?
    5 I need to a phone call.
    10 Please sure that you have enough money.
    4 You should your homework now.
    14 He it to her happy.
    13 We're late but we can still it in time.
    1 You are a big mistake!
    7 It doesn't sense. I get it.
    11 I only have 10 dollars. Will it ? - No, it costs 15 dollars.
    3 She's dinner just now.
    9 Can you a reservation for me? I'll my best.

    Všimnite si, ako sa anglické sloveso do spája s podstatnými menami končiacimi na -ing (často gerundiom). Vzniká tak veľa užitočných ustálených spojení ako napr. do the washing up - umyť riad, do the cleaning - upratať, Let me do the talking. - Nechaj hovoriť mňa., I did a lot of thinking. - Veľa som premýšľal. ap.

    Exercise 21

    • Povedzte po anglicky. Použite gerundium, kde je to možné.

    7 Vieš si predstaviť, že by si tu zostal? imagine, stay
    9 Nezmienil sa, že pôjde do Londýna. mention, go to London
    10 Chýba mi život na vidieku. miss, live in the country
    8 Mrzí ma, že som to povedal. be sorry for, say that
    4 Skúšaj to ďalej! keep, try
    6 Kedy to dopíšeš? finish, write
    1 Rád pozeráš televíziu? watch TV
    5 Ona mi stále volá. keep, call, all the time
    2 Radšej cestujem vlakom. prefer, travel by train
    3 Je to lepšie než sedieť doma. sit at home

    Sloveso miss možno po slovensky preložiť ako chýbať, treba ale dávať pozor na obrátenie podmetu a predmetu! Napr.: I miss you. - Chýbaš mi., He misses his friends. - Chýbajú mu jeho priatelia., I'm missing two books. - Chýbajú mi dve knihy. Pozor! Podstatné meno Miss je po slovensky slečna (pred menom ap.).

    Exercise 22

    • Vyberte správne slovo podľa výkladu.

    8 A child with no parents is: a widow/an orphan/a sibling
    2 The mother of your father is your: grandfather/grandmother/daughter
    5 A husband and his wife are: married/widowed/single
    9 If a woman's husband dies, she is: divorced/an orphan/a widow
    3 If children are brothers or sisters, the are siblings/relatives/married
    6 A man who is not married is: free/single/double
    10 If two people were married but they aren't married now, they are: husbands/widowed/divorced
    1 Your mother and father are your: siblings/parents/husbands
    7 A person with no siblings is: an only child/a widow/a learner
    4 The son of a man's daughter is his: grandpa/grandparent/grandson

    Exercise 23

    • Doplňte podľa kontextu other, another alebo else.

    8 I'll come time.
    5 Let's go somewhere .
    6 We will find some place.
    2 What do people think?
    1 Why do you need car?
    3 What will you need?
    7 Is there anything I can do for you?
    10 George is just New Yorker visiting London.
    9 Nobody knows that.
    4 What things do you like?

    Koncovka -er sa používa aj na tvorenie názvov obyvateľov istého mesta či miesta. Napr.: Londoner ˈlʌndənə (Londýnčan), New Yorker njuː jɔːkə (Newyorčan), village (dedina) - villager ˈvɪlɪdʒə (dedinčan), island (ostrov) - islander ˈaɪləndə (ostrovan) ap. Nemožno ju však takto použiť vždy! Napr. Parížan je Parisian pəˈrɪzɪən, Riman je Roman ˈrəʊmən ap.

    Exercise 24

    • Preložte.

    12 Idem nakupovať.
    4 Prečo si mi to neposlal?
    13 John tam chodí každý deň.
    2 Mohli by ste mi pomôcť?
    6 Ideš s nami?
    15 Prídem o pol šiestej.
    5 Mal som veľa práce.
    14 Nesmie o tom vedieť.
    3 Chodí do práce autom.
    11 Nepotrebujem to.
    9 Vyzerá to dobre.
    16 Strávili sme týždeň pri mori.
    7 Mal by si jej zavolať.
    1 Kde si včera bol?
    17 Museli sme čakať.
    18 Nemohol som to nájsť.
    8 Kto ti to povedal?
    19 Nebudem môcť prísť.
    10 Koľko to stojí?
    20 Prezreli sme si pamiatky.

    Slovo sightseeing je zloženinou slov sights (pamiatky, pamätihodnosti) a seeing (videnie, pozeranie), teda “prezeranie pamiatok”. Places to visit sú miesta, ktoré sa oplatí navštíviť.