Exercises

Exercise 1

    • Preložte do slovenčiny.

    11 I'll pick you up at the airport.
    15 He doesn't care about her.
    19 That sounds interesting.
    6 It'll be best to take a taxi.
    13 Let's go shopping!
    8 We met several times.
    14 She keeps talking about it.
    17 I spent an hour looking for it.
    16 Shall we sit down?
    20 It feels great!
    2 Take a look at this!
    18 There's no need to worry.
    9 Is this your first time here?
    3 Tell him not to buy it.
    4 She knew nothing about it.
    10 What time does your plane land?
    1 What are you watching?
    12 She never speaks to me.
    5 He tries hard to be the best.
    7 It was nice meeting you.

    Feel je cítiť alebo cítiť sa, ale možno ho použiť aj keď opisujeme, aký pocit niečo vyvoláva. Napr. It feels good. - Je to dobrý pocit., It feels cold. - Chladí to.

    Exercise 2

    • Odpovedzte celou vetou kladne a potom záporne.

    5 Is she coming too?
    4 Have you got any money?
    9 Could he do it for us?
    6 Will you be there?
    10 Am I right?
    2 Does he know?
    8 Should I tell her?
    1 Are you hungry?
    3 Can they help us?
    7 Do they agree?

    Right znamená správny či správne. Možno ho ale tiež použiť v uisťovacích otázkach. Napr. Is that right? - Je to tak? či iba Right? - Že (áno)?

    Exercise 3

    • Tvorte otázky. Pýtajte sa na zvýraznené slová.

    5 It costs twenty dollars.
    10 We got there at seven.
    1 I'm watching the news.
    12 It's going to take a week.
    4 We'll meet on Wednesday.
    7 Bob broke his leg last week.
    3 They're going to arrange it.
    2 Frank is coming too.
    6 Only ten people came there.
    11 He's got no children.
    8 She's afraid of flying.
    9 He goes there twice a week.

    Exercise 4

    • Napíšte po anglicky celými slovami číselné údaje.

    8 9,756,004
    6 0.05 seconds
    11 bus number 102
    4 3,500
    5 4.6,000,000
    10 in the 1980s
    12 phone number 670098883
    13 Charles II and Henry VIII
    1 on May 1st and 26th
    9 in the year 2015
    2 He was 52nd.
    7 35,785
    3 246 people

    V písanej angličtine (hl. v novinách ap.) môžete často v kontexte súm a hodnôt naraziť na skratky K či k pre tisíce (z anglického kilo) a M či m pre milióny million. Napr. They spent $2.5M - “Utratili 2,5 milióna dolárov.”, It cost $15k. - “Stálo to 15 tisíc dolárov.” Podobne sa používa aj skratka B či bn pre miliardy (billion).

    Exercise 5

    • Odpovedzte celou vetou podľa pomôcok.

    5 How much did it cost? 2000 dollars
    13 When did you see him? last week
    1 How often does he exercise? 3x a week
    12 What did she tell you? nothing
    8 Did he cause any problems? no problems
    11 Were there any problems? lots of
    4 What are we going to do? ask them for help
    2 How many dogs does she have? 2 dogs
    6 When is she coming back? on Friday
    9 What did you drink? only tea
    10 Did you have a good time? great time
    3 When did she come back? at 2 a.m.
    7 What did they want? more money
    14 Did you travel by bus? no, hire a car

    Sloveso hire možno v britskej angličtine použiť aj na človeka a vec. V americkej angličtine sa ale hire užíva len na pracovníkov. Na prenájom vecí (požičiavanie za peniaze) sa v USA užíva rent. Napr.: We rented a car. - Požičali sme si auto. ap.

    Exercise 6

    • Tvorte vety opačného významu.

    7 She's got a lot of friends.
    9 They could help us.
    6 There's too much water.
    5 She doesn't like travelling.
    3 I'm going to tell him.
    4 You should eat less meat.
    8 There were more people.
    10 We'll be able to come.
    2 She should tell them.
    1 He speaks English.

    Exercise 7

    • Tvorte oznamovacie vety v prítomnom, budúcom a jednoduchom minulom čase.

    9 he, not like the food
    1 he, speak about it
    7 we, spend weekends abroad
    5 I, give him, the money
    10 the car, be, not expensive
    4 we, meet, on the bus
    2 my parents, know
    8 our dog, not eat that
    3 she, send us, messages
    6 she, sit between us

    Exercise 8

    • Povedzte po anglicky. Využite pomôcky.

    10 To je ale škoda!
    pity
    5 Nehovor mu o tom!
    tell
    4 Vyzerá to zaujímavo.
    look
    6 Požiadaj ju, nech príde.
    ask, come
    8 Nehádajme sa!
    let, argue
    7 To bude omnoho lepšie.
    better
    9 Pekne to vonia.
    smell
    1 To znie dobre!
    sound
    2 Poďme ku mne (domov)!
    my place
    3 Nech mi zavolá! (on)
    let, call

    Exercise 9

    • Upravte vety do času jednoduchého prítomného a jednoduchého minulého.

    10 I'm drinking beer.
    3 It's snowing.
    2 Bob is trying hard.
    8 I'm writing some e-mails.
    1 She's feeling good.
    4 She's making dinner.
    7 She's sleeping late.
    5 School is beginning.
    9 He's bringing her flowers.
    6 He's coming.

    Exercise 10

    • Doplňte 2. alebo 3. stupeň prídavných mien.

    9 He tried so hard. He really did his .
    6 It's such a bad film! I think it's the film of all.
    8 It's very dangerous. You should be careful.
    11 He's good at tennis, but I am much .
    4 That house is expensive, but this house is much .
    1 He's tall but he isn't the boy in the family.
    7 Jane is so beautiful. She's the girl that I know.
    2 My dog is big, but his dog is even .
    3 He may be fast, but he isn't the in the world.
    10 You didn't try enough. You must try next time.
    5 My idea was bad but his idea is even .
    12 There were only 9 people last time, but today there are even .

    Pozor na predložku: be good at ... - byť dobrý v... Napr.: He's good at it. - Ide mu to., Je v tom dobrý., I'm really bad at that. - To mi vôbec nejde. Slovo even sa používa na zdôraznenie ako slovenské ešte alebo dokonca či v zápore ani. Napr. He didn't even say goodbye. - Ani sa nerozlúčil. ap.

    Exercise 11

    • Použite gerundium na vytvorenie vety s rovnakým významom.

    9 I dislike it when I have to wait.
    3 Music started to play.
    8 It will be hard to solve.
    12 I can remember that he told her.
    2 They love to sing.
    4 He continued to read.
    1 He likes to play games.
    11 She works hard and she enjoys it.
    5 We love it when we go out.
    6 He hates it when he gets up early.
    10 I hate it when people lie to me.
    7 It should be easy to repair.

    Exercise 12

    • Preložte. Sústreďte sa na predložky.

    2 You are among friends.
    3 It's just around the corner.
    1 She left for work an hour ago.
    4 people aged between 30 and 50
    14 Someone's knocking at the door.
    12 Go down this road.
    5 The worst is behind us.
    6 I'll wait outside the shop.
    8 He lives in the flat above me.
    10 I'm ready for anything.
    11 You can't take it on the plane.
    7 What else do you like besides watching TV?
    13 We are open from 8 a.m. to 6 p.m.
    9 He sits in front of the TV.

    Zaklopať na niečo je síce po anglicky to knock on, napr. He knocked on the door., ale pokiaľ niekto stojí pri dverách a klope, použije sa bežne aj at the door. Fráza to answer the door potom znamená: (ísť) otvoriť (niekomu, kto klope, zvoní).

    Exercise 13

    • Vyberte správnu predložku.

    11 What are you doing in/at/on Friday?
    1 We'll meet at half to/after/past seven in/at/to my place.
    2 It's (a) quarter to/at/from six.
    6 We often meet at/on/inside the bus or in/on/at the bus stop.
    9 My birthday is at/on/in 3rd March.
    8 Walk over/through/by the bridge and then turn left.
    3 It's freezing outside. The temperature is under/below/behind zero.
    12 I'll make a reservation in/at/to the Marriott Hotel.
    13 Meet me on/to/at the airport in/at/on eight o'clock.
    10 We were at/in/on the seaside not on/in/at the mountains.
    4 There are lots of people at/in/about the streets.
    7 She's afraid to/of/about flying.
    5 She asked me to/at/for it and I gave it for/to/at her.

    Príkaz: Meet me ... možno preložiť ako Stretneme sa... (tam a tam).

    Užitočná fráza: without somebody's knowing - bez niečieho vedomia. Napr.: He did it without my knowing. - Urobil to bez môjho vedomia.

    Exercise 15

    • Spojte súvisiace výroky.

    • 1 Why did Jane leave?
    • 2 Can we go now?
    • 3 Did you tell anybody?
    • 4 Did you speak to Bob?
    • 5 Where did you meet?
    • 6 How often do you go there?
    • 7 Will you come to the party?
    • 8 Did you go on holiday?
    • 9 Does he have any siblings?
    • 10 How much did it cost?
    • b We met on the bus.
    • i Usually twice a week.
    • g Yes, I spoke to him last week.
    • h It wasn't very expensive.
    • c She had to go to work.
    • d Yes, we went on a road trip.
    • e No, I won't be able to.
    • a No, I told nobody.
    • j No, he's an only child.
    • f No, we'll have to wait.

    Road trip rəʊdtrɪp je dlhšia cesta pre zábavu podniknutá hl. autom. Napr.: We went on a road trip around the US. - Obišli sme autom USA.

    Exercise 16

    • Vyberte správne slovo.

    8 I have only little/a few friends.
    18 Are there any other/another ideas?
    13 He made much/many mistakes.
    11 There are little/few cars in the streets.
    9 It should take only little/few time.
    2 He doesn't eat many/much meat.
    14 There was few/little rain last year.
    16 It'll be many/much better.
    10 How many/much water do you drink every day?
    17 He should get other/another chance.
    5 There wasn't very/much time.
    15 He causes too many/much trouble.
    3 There will be many/much people.
    12 I speak very little/few English.
    4 I tried it many/much times.
    6 That's too much/many money.
    19 How many/much beers did you have?
    7 There were less/fewer people.
    1 How many/much will it cost?

    Látkové podstatné mená ako tea, coffee, beer ap., sú síce všeobecne nepočítateľné, ale ak hovoríme o konkrétnych porciách, druhoch ap., ide už o slovo počítateľné. Takže napr.: You drink too much coffee., ale I had too many coffees., podobne I drank too much beer., ale How many beers did you have? ap.

    Exercise 17

    • Preložte pomocou účelového neurčitku.

    6 Potrebujem, aby si mi pomohol. need you, help
    12 Beriem si taxík, aby som neprišiel neskoro. take, taxi, be late
    11 Zavolám bratovi, aby ma odviezol na letisko. call, take, to the airport
    13 Žiadala ma, aby som jej dal ďalšiu šancu. ask, give, chance
    9 Učím sa po anglicky, aby som rozumel cudzincom. learn, understand, foreigner
    10 Musíme sa poponáhľať, aby sme tam boli včas. hurry, in time
    4 Aby si mal peniaze, musíš pracovať. work, have money
    7 Povedz im, aby na nás nečakali. tell, wait
    8 Chcem, aby si to urobil hneď. want you, do, right now
    1 Požiadaj ho, aby mi to poslal. ask, send
    5 Som tu, aby som sa s ňou porozprával. speak to
    3 Volám, aby som ti povedal... call, tell
    2 Povedz jej, nech počká. tell, wait

    By chance znamená náhodou. They met by chance. - Stretli sa náhodou.

    Exercise 18

    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    9 If you drink 5 beers, you'll be tall/drunk/broken.
    1 If you eat too much, you will be smart/fat/rich.
    6 She'll like you more if you leave/quit/let smoking.
    2 If you aren't sure, you had/should/shall ask somebody.
    5 How can he know that if somebody/nobody/everybody told him?
    13 Don't open the door unless you feel/know/smell the person behind it.
    7 If you don't know what to do, ask everybody/somebody/nobody.
    3 If he's so smart, why isn't he tall/rich/broken?
    4 If it is hot/cold/late, I will wear a coat.
    12 If it's expensive/broken/lost, someone should repair it.
    10 If you're tired, you should have a look/rest/pity.
    8 It's early. If you call him now, you'll spend/wake/keep him.
    11 If you don't have a phone, you can use my/me/mine.

    Nezamieňajte anglické feel (cítiť - dotykom, mať pocit) a smell (cítiť čuchom)! Napr.: Can you smell it? - “Cítiš to?”. Sloveso smell of ... je v angličtine všeobecne neutrálne (znamená byť cítiť čím) napr. It smells of petrol. - “Je to cítiť benzínom.”, smell good/nice je voňať a smell bad je páchnuť, smrdieť. V niektorých prípadoch však má už samotné smell negatívny kontext. Napr.: Your feet smell! - “Smrdia ti nohy!”, His breath smells. - “Páchne mu z úst.” ap.

    Exercise 19

    • Doplňte slova: soon, early, late, later, in time

    8 She lived there in the 1990s. It was around 1992.
    4 I have no time now. I'll look at it .
    3 I'm leaving home now. I'll be there .
    10 We agreed to meet at 6 and it's 6:20. You are again!
    5 He'll call me in an hour, so we should know .
    1 He just left for a minute. He should be back .
    2 Last time he was late and today he's . He's never on time.
    9 Please let me know as as possible!
    6 I hate people being late, so be there .
    7 He went to bed late. Don't wake him too .

    Agree with... je súhlasiť s..., ale spojenie: agree on ... alebo tiež agree to (do) ... znamená skôr dohodnúť sa na... (niečom). Agreed! əˈgriːd je po slovensky Platí!, Dohodnuté! či Súhlasím!

    Exercise 20

    • Doplňte podľa kontextu tvary slovesa do alebo make.

    8 How much money does he ?
    4 You should your homework now.
    6 Do you any sports?
    7 It doesn't sense. I get it.
    15 Stop fun of me!
    3 She's dinner just now.
    11 I only have 10 dollars. Will it ? - No, it costs 15 dollars.
    5 I need to a phone call.
    10 Please sure that you have enough money.
    1 You are a big mistake!
    14 He it to her happy.
    13 We're late but we can still it in time.
    12 Who's going to the shopping?
    2 What are you here? Are you waiting for someone?
    9 Can you a reservation for me? I'll my best.

    Všimnite si, ako sa anglické sloveso do spája s podstatnými menami končiacimi na -ing (často gerundiom). Vzniká tak veľa užitočných ustálených spojení ako napr. do the washing up - umyť riad, do the cleaning - upratať, Let me do the talking. - Nechaj hovoriť mňa., I did a lot of thinking. - Veľa som premýšľal. ap.

    Exercise 21

    • Povedzte po anglicky. Použite gerundium, kde je to možné.

    6 Kedy to dopíšeš? finish, write
    1 Rád pozeráš televíziu? watch TV
    9 Nezmienil sa, že pôjde do Londýna. mention, go to London
    10 Chýba mi život na vidieku. miss, live in the country
    2 Radšej cestujem vlakom. prefer, travel by train
    7 Vieš si predstaviť, že by si tu zostal? imagine, stay
    5 Ona mi stále volá. keep, call, all the time
    8 Mrzí ma, že som to povedal. be sorry for, say that
    3 Je to lepšie než sedieť doma. sit at home
    4 Skúšaj to ďalej! keep, try

    Sloveso miss možno po slovensky preložiť ako chýbať, treba ale dávať pozor na obrátenie podmetu a predmetu! Napr.: I miss you. - Chýbaš mi., He misses his friends. - Chýbajú mu jeho priatelia., I'm missing two books. - Chýbajú mi dve knihy. Pozor! Podstatné meno Miss je po slovensky slečna (pred menom ap.).

    Exercise 22

    • Vyberte správne slovo podľa výkladu.

    2 The mother of your father is your: grandfather/grandmother/daughter
    5 A husband and his wife are: married/widowed/single
    4 The son of a man's daughter is his: grandpa/grandparent/grandson
    9 If a woman's husband dies, she is: divorced/an orphan/a widow
    7 A person with no siblings is: an only child/a widow/a learner
    10 If two people were married but they aren't married now, they are: husbands/widowed/divorced
    8 A child with no parents is: a widow/an orphan/a sibling
    3 If children are brothers or sisters, the are siblings/relatives/married
    6 A man who is not married is: free/single/double
    1 Your mother and father are your: siblings/parents/husbands

    Exercise 23

    • Doplňte podľa kontextu other, another alebo else.

    1 Why do you need car?
    3 What will you need?
    9 Nobody knows that.
    6 We will find some place.
    4 What things do you like?
    2 What do people think?
    10 George is just New Yorker visiting London.
    8 I'll come time.
    5 Let's go somewhere .
    7 Is there anything I can do for you?

    Koncovka -er sa používa aj na tvorenie názvov obyvateľov istého mesta či miesta. Napr.: Londoner ˈlʌndənə (Londýnčan), New Yorker njuː jɔːkə (Newyorčan), village (dedina) - villager ˈvɪlɪdʒə (dedinčan), island (ostrov) - islander ˈaɪləndə (ostrovan) ap. Nemožno ju však takto použiť vždy! Napr. Parížan je Parisian pəˈrɪzɪən, Riman je Roman ˈrəʊmən ap.

    Exercise 24

    • Preložte.

    18 Nemohol som to nájsť.
    20 Prezreli sme si pamiatky.
    14 Nesmie o tom vedieť.
    17 Museli sme čakať.
    12 Idem nakupovať.
    6 Ideš s nami?
    5 Mal som veľa práce.
    13 John tam chodí každý deň.
    10 Koľko to stojí?
    4 Prečo si mi to neposlal?
    7 Mal by si jej zavolať.
    8 Kto ti to povedal?
    1 Kde si včera bol?
    15 Prídem o pol šiestej.
    16 Strávili sme týždeň pri mori.
    3 Chodí do práce autom.
    11 Nepotrebujem to.
    2 Mohli by ste mi pomôcť?
    19 Nebudem môcť prísť.
    9 Vyzerá to dobre.

    Slovo sightseeing je zloženinou slov sights (pamiatky, pamätihodnosti) a seeing (videnie, pozeranie), teda “prezeranie pamiatok”. Places to visit sú miesta, ktoré sa oplatí navštíviť.