Exercises

Exercise 1

    • Preložte do slovenčiny.

    19 That sounds interesting.
    18 There's no need to worry.
    17 I spent an hour looking for it.
    16 Shall we sit down?
    9 Is this your first time here?
    12 She never speaks to me.
    11 I'll pick you up at the airport.
    1 What are you watching?
    15 He doesn't care about her.
    3 Tell him not to buy it.
    13 Let's go shopping!
    6 It'll be best to take a taxi.
    7 It was nice meeting you.
    20 It feels great!
    14 She keeps talking about it.
    5 He tries hard to be the best.
    10 What time does your plane land?
    4 She knew nothing about it.
    8 We met several times.
    2 Take a look at this!

    Feel je cítiť alebo cítiť sa, ale možno ho použiť aj keď opisujeme, aký pocit niečo vyvoláva. Napr. It feels good. - Je to dobrý pocit., It feels cold. - Chladí to.

    Exercise 2

    • Odpovedzte celou vetou kladne a potom záporne.

    9 Could he do it for us?
    1 Are you hungry?
    10 Am I right?
    6 Will you be there?
    4 Have you got any money?
    8 Should I tell her?
    2 Does he know?
    3 Can they help us?
    5 Is she coming too?
    7 Do they agree?

    Right znamená správny či správne. Možno ho ale tiež použiť v uisťovacích otázkach. Napr. Is that right? - Je to tak? či iba Right? - Že (áno)?

    Exercise 3

    • Tvorte otázky. Pýtajte sa na zvýraznené slová.

    4 We'll meet on Wednesday.
    7 Bob broke his leg last week.
    11 He's got no children.
    6 Only ten people came there.
    2 Frank is coming too.
    10 We got there at seven.
    9 He goes there twice a week.
    12 It's going to take a week.
    1 I'm watching the news.
    8 She's afraid of flying.
    3 They're going to arrange it.
    5 It costs twenty dollars.

    Exercise 4

    • Napíšte po anglicky celými slovami číselné údaje.

    11 bus number 102
    8 9,756,004
    6 0.05 seconds
    9 in the year 2015
    3 246 people
    5 4.6,000,000
    12 phone number 670098883
    1 on May 1st and 26th
    2 He was 52nd.
    13 Charles II and Henry VIII
    7 35,785
    4 3,500
    10 in the 1980s

    V písanej angličtine (hl. v novinách ap.) môžete často v kontexte súm a hodnôt naraziť na skratky K či k pre tisíce (z anglického kilo) a M či m pre milióny million. Napr. They spent $2.5M - “Utratili 2,5 milióna dolárov.”, It cost $15k. - “Stálo to 15 tisíc dolárov.” Podobne sa používa aj skratka B či bn pre miliardy (billion).

    Exercise 5

    • Odpovedzte celou vetou podľa pomôcok.

    14 Did you travel by bus? no, hire a car
    9 What did you drink? only tea
    2 How many dogs does she have? 2 dogs
    13 When did you see him? last week
    4 What are we going to do? ask them for help
    3 When did she come back? at 2 a.m.
    7 What did they want? more money
    8 Did he cause any problems? no problems
    12 What did she tell you? nothing
    5 How much did it cost? 2000 dollars
    11 Were there any problems? lots of
    1 How often does he exercise? 3x a week
    6 When is she coming back? on Friday
    10 Did you have a good time? great time

    Sloveso hire možno v britskej angličtine použiť aj na človeka a vec. V americkej angličtine sa ale hire užíva len na pracovníkov. Na prenájom vecí (požičiavanie za peniaze) sa v USA užíva rent. Napr.: We rented a car. - Požičali sme si auto. ap.

    Exercise 6

    • Tvorte vety opačného významu.

    5 She doesn't like travelling.
    4 You should eat less meat.
    6 There's too much water.
    8 There were more people.
    1 He speaks English.
    7 She's got a lot of friends.
    9 They could help us.
    2 She should tell them.
    3 I'm going to tell him.
    10 We'll be able to come.

    Exercise 7

    • Tvorte oznamovacie vety v prítomnom, budúcom a jednoduchom minulom čase.

    10 the car, be, not expensive
    3 she, send us, messages
    1 he, speak about it
    5 I, give him, the money
    8 our dog, not eat that
    6 she, sit between us
    2 my parents, know
    4 we, meet, on the bus
    7 we, spend weekends abroad
    9 he, not like the food

    Exercise 8

    • Povedzte po anglicky. Využite pomôcky.

    3 Nech mi zavolá! (on)
    let, call
    9 Pekne to vonia.
    smell
    5 Nehovor mu o tom!
    tell
    8 Nehádajme sa!
    let, argue
    1 To znie dobre!
    sound
    7 To bude omnoho lepšie.
    better
    4 Vyzerá to zaujímavo.
    look
    10 To je ale škoda!
    pity
    6 Požiadaj ju, nech príde.
    ask, come
    2 Poďme ku mne (domov)!
    my place

    Exercise 9

    • Upravte vety do času jednoduchého prítomného a jednoduchého minulého.

    2 Bob is trying hard.
    9 He's bringing her flowers.
    4 She's making dinner.
    5 School is beginning.
    3 It's snowing.
    1 She's feeling good.
    6 He's coming.
    7 She's sleeping late.
    10 I'm drinking beer.
    8 I'm writing some e-mails.

    Exercise 10

    • Doplňte 2. alebo 3. stupeň prídavných mien.

    1 He's tall but he isn't the boy in the family.
    4 That house is expensive, but this house is much .
    5 My idea was bad but his idea is even .
    9 He tried so hard. He really did his .
    2 My dog is big, but his dog is even .
    3 He may be fast, but he isn't the in the world.
    7 Jane is so beautiful. She's the girl that I know.
    12 There were only 9 people last time, but today there are even .
    8 It's very dangerous. You should be careful.
    6 It's such a bad film! I think it's the film of all.
    10 You didn't try enough. You must try next time.
    11 He's good at tennis, but I am much .

    Pozor na predložku: be good at ... - byť dobrý v... Napr.: He's good at it. - Ide mu to., Je v tom dobrý., I'm really bad at that. - To mi vôbec nejde. Slovo even sa používa na zdôraznenie ako slovenské ešte alebo dokonca či v zápore ani. Napr. He didn't even say goodbye. - Ani sa nerozlúčil. ap.

    Exercise 11

    • Použite gerundium na vytvorenie vety s rovnakým významom.

    9 I dislike it when I have to wait.
    2 They love to sing.
    10 I hate it when people lie to me.
    5 We love it when we go out.
    1 He likes to play games.
    11 She works hard and she enjoys it.
    12 I can remember that he told her.
    8 It will be hard to solve.
    3 Music started to play.
    6 He hates it when he gets up early.
    7 It should be easy to repair.
    4 He continued to read.

    Exercise 12

    • Preložte. Sústreďte sa na predložky.

    14 Someone's knocking at the door.
    10 I'm ready for anything.
    11 You can't take it on the plane.
    3 It's just around the corner.
    5 The worst is behind us.
    13 We are open from 8 a.m. to 6 p.m.
    2 You are among friends.
    4 people aged between 30 and 50
    7 What else do you like besides watching TV?
    6 I'll wait outside the shop.
    12 Go down this road.
    8 He lives in the flat above me.
    1 She left for work an hour ago.
    9 He sits in front of the TV.

    Zaklopať na niečo je síce po anglicky to knock on, napr. He knocked on the door., ale pokiaľ niekto stojí pri dverách a klope, použije sa bežne aj at the door. Fráza to answer the door potom znamená: (ísť) otvoriť (niekomu, kto klope, zvoní).

    Exercise 13

    • Vyberte správnu predložku.

    13 Meet me on/to/at the airport in/at/on eight o'clock.
    11 What are you doing in/at/on Friday?
    9 My birthday is at/on/in 3rd March.
    3 It's freezing outside. The temperature is under/below/behind zero.
    2 It's (a) quarter to/at/from six.
    10 We were at/in/on the seaside not on/in/at the mountains.
    4 There are lots of people at/in/about the streets.
    1 We'll meet at half to/after/past seven in/at/to my place.
    8 Walk over/through/by the bridge and then turn left.
    6 We often meet at/on/inside the bus or in/on/at the bus stop.
    12 I'll make a reservation in/at/to the Marriott Hotel.
    5 She asked me to/at/for it and I gave it for/to/at her.
    7 She's afraid to/of/about flying.

    Príkaz: Meet me ... možno preložiť ako Stretneme sa... (tam a tam).

    Užitočná fráza: without somebody's knowing - bez niečieho vedomia. Napr.: He did it without my knowing. - Urobil to bez môjho vedomia.

    Exercise 15

    • Spojte súvisiace výroky.

    • 1 Why did Jane leave?
    • 2 Can we go now?
    • 3 Did you tell anybody?
    • 4 Did you speak to Bob?
    • 5 Where did you meet?
    • 6 How often do you go there?
    • 7 Will you come to the party?
    • 8 Did you go on holiday?
    • 9 Does he have any siblings?
    • 10 How much did it cost?
    • h It wasn't very expensive.
    • e No, I won't be able to.
    • j No, he's an only child.
    • a No, I told nobody.
    • d Yes, we went on a road trip.
    • g Yes, I spoke to him last week.
    • b We met on the bus.
    • i Usually twice a week.
    • c She had to go to work.
    • f No, we'll have to wait.

    Road trip rəʊdtrɪp je dlhšia cesta pre zábavu podniknutá hl. autom. Napr.: We went on a road trip around the US. - Obišli sme autom USA.

    Exercise 16

    • Vyberte správne slovo.

    1 How many/much will it cost?
    14 There was few/little rain last year.
    16 It'll be many/much better.
    13 He made much/many mistakes.
    18 Are there any other/another ideas?
    2 He doesn't eat many/much meat.
    4 I tried it many/much times.
    6 That's too much/many money.
    7 There were less/fewer people.
    9 It should take only little/few time.
    11 There are little/few cars in the streets.
    8 I have only little/a few friends.
    10 How many/much water do you drink every day?
    3 There will be many/much people.
    15 He causes too many/much trouble.
    12 I speak very little/few English.
    17 He should get other/another chance.
    19 How many/much beers did you have?
    5 There wasn't very/much time.

    Látkové podstatné mená ako tea, coffee, beer ap., sú síce všeobecne nepočítateľné, ale ak hovoríme o konkrétnych porciách, druhoch ap., ide už o slovo počítateľné. Takže napr.: You drink too much coffee., ale I had too many coffees., podobne I drank too much beer., ale How many beers did you have? ap.

    Exercise 17

    • Preložte pomocou účelového neurčitku.

    8 Chcem, aby si to urobil hneď. want you, do, right now
    3 Volám, aby som ti povedal... call, tell
    6 Potrebujem, aby si mi pomohol. need you, help
    5 Som tu, aby som sa s ňou porozprával. speak to
    2 Povedz jej, nech počká. tell, wait
    9 Učím sa po anglicky, aby som rozumel cudzincom. learn, understand, foreigner
    7 Povedz im, aby na nás nečakali. tell, wait
    13 Žiadala ma, aby som jej dal ďalšiu šancu. ask, give, chance
    10 Musíme sa poponáhľať, aby sme tam boli včas. hurry, in time
    1 Požiadaj ho, aby mi to poslal. ask, send
    12 Beriem si taxík, aby som neprišiel neskoro. take, taxi, be late
    11 Zavolám bratovi, aby ma odviezol na letisko. call, take, to the airport
    4 Aby si mal peniaze, musíš pracovať. work, have money

    By chance znamená náhodou. They met by chance. - Stretli sa náhodou.

    Exercise 18

    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    11 If you don't have a phone, you can use my/me/mine.
    7 If you don't know what to do, ask everybody/somebody/nobody.
    12 If it's expensive/broken/lost, someone should repair it.
    1 If you eat too much, you will be smart/fat/rich.
    5 How can he know that if somebody/nobody/everybody told him?
    4 If it is hot/cold/late, I will wear a coat.
    6 She'll like you more if you leave/quit/let smoking.
    2 If you aren't sure, you had/should/shall ask somebody.
    3 If he's so smart, why isn't he tall/rich/broken?
    13 Don't open the door unless you feel/know/smell the person behind it.
    8 It's early. If you call him now, you'll spend/wake/keep him.
    9 If you drink 5 beers, you'll be tall/drunk/broken.
    10 If you're tired, you should have a look/rest/pity.

    Nezamieňajte anglické feel (cítiť - dotykom, mať pocit) a smell (cítiť čuchom)! Napr.: Can you smell it? - “Cítiš to?”. Sloveso smell of ... je v angličtine všeobecne neutrálne (znamená byť cítiť čím) napr. It smells of petrol. - “Je to cítiť benzínom.”, smell good/nice je voňať a smell bad je páchnuť, smrdieť. V niektorých prípadoch však má už samotné smell negatívny kontext. Napr.: Your feet smell! - “Smrdia ti nohy!”, His breath smells. - “Páchne mu z úst.” ap.

    Exercise 19

    • Doplňte slova: soon, early, late, later, in time

    3 I'm leaving home now. I'll be there .
    6 I hate people being late, so be there .
    2 Last time he was late and today he's . He's never on time.
    8 She lived there in the 1990s. It was around 1992.
    10 We agreed to meet at 6 and it's 6:20. You are again!
    1 He just left for a minute. He should be back .
    4 I have no time now. I'll look at it .
    9 Please let me know as as possible!
    5 He'll call me in an hour, so we should know .
    7 He went to bed late. Don't wake him too .

    Agree with... je súhlasiť s..., ale spojenie: agree on ... alebo tiež agree to (do) ... znamená skôr dohodnúť sa na... (niečom). Agreed! əˈgriːd je po slovensky Platí!, Dohodnuté! či Súhlasím!

    Exercise 20

    • Doplňte podľa kontextu tvary slovesa do alebo make.

    6 Do you any sports?
    9 Can you a reservation for me? I'll my best.
    5 I need to a phone call.
    12 Who's going to the shopping?
    13 We're late but we can still it in time.
    10 Please sure that you have enough money.
    4 You should your homework now.
    2 What are you here? Are you waiting for someone?
    8 How much money does he ?
    1 You are a big mistake!
    11 I only have 10 dollars. Will it ? - No, it costs 15 dollars.
    7 It doesn't sense. I get it.
    14 He it to her happy.
    15 Stop fun of me!
    3 She's dinner just now.

    Všimnite si, ako sa anglické sloveso do spája s podstatnými menami končiacimi na -ing (často gerundiom). Vzniká tak veľa užitočných ustálených spojení ako napr. do the washing up - umyť riad, do the cleaning - upratať, Let me do the talking. - Nechaj hovoriť mňa., I did a lot of thinking. - Veľa som premýšľal. ap.

    Exercise 21

    • Povedzte po anglicky. Použite gerundium, kde je to možné.

    10 Chýba mi život na vidieku. miss, live in the country
    8 Mrzí ma, že som to povedal. be sorry for, say that
    9 Nezmienil sa, že pôjde do Londýna. mention, go to London
    3 Je to lepšie než sedieť doma. sit at home
    5 Ona mi stále volá. keep, call, all the time
    6 Kedy to dopíšeš? finish, write
    4 Skúšaj to ďalej! keep, try
    2 Radšej cestujem vlakom. prefer, travel by train
    1 Rád pozeráš televíziu? watch TV
    7 Vieš si predstaviť, že by si tu zostal? imagine, stay

    Sloveso miss možno po slovensky preložiť ako chýbať, treba ale dávať pozor na obrátenie podmetu a predmetu! Napr.: I miss you. - Chýbaš mi., He misses his friends. - Chýbajú mu jeho priatelia., I'm missing two books. - Chýbajú mi dve knihy. Pozor! Podstatné meno Miss je po slovensky slečna (pred menom ap.).

    Exercise 22

    • Vyberte správne slovo podľa výkladu.

    6 A man who is not married is: free/single/double
    1 Your mother and father are your: siblings/parents/husbands
    9 If a woman's husband dies, she is: divorced/an orphan/a widow
    4 The son of a man's daughter is his: grandpa/grandparent/grandson
    7 A person with no siblings is: an only child/a widow/a learner
    8 A child with no parents is: a widow/an orphan/a sibling
    2 The mother of your father is your: grandfather/grandmother/daughter
    10 If two people were married but they aren't married now, they are: husbands/widowed/divorced
    3 If children are brothers or sisters, the are siblings/relatives/married
    5 A husband and his wife are: married/widowed/single

    Exercise 23

    • Doplňte podľa kontextu other, another alebo else.

    3 What will you need?
    4 What things do you like?
    7 Is there anything I can do for you?
    5 Let's go somewhere .
    10 George is just New Yorker visiting London.
    9 Nobody knows that.
    6 We will find some place.
    2 What do people think?
    8 I'll come time.
    1 Why do you need car?

    Koncovka -er sa používa aj na tvorenie názvov obyvateľov istého mesta či miesta. Napr.: Londoner ˈlʌndənə (Londýnčan), New Yorker njuː jɔːkə (Newyorčan), village (dedina) - villager ˈvɪlɪdʒə (dedinčan), island (ostrov) - islander ˈaɪləndə (ostrovan) ap. Nemožno ju však takto použiť vždy! Napr. Parížan je Parisian pəˈrɪzɪən, Riman je Roman ˈrəʊmən ap.

    Exercise 24

    • Preložte.

    19 Nebudem môcť prísť.
    12 Idem nakupovať.
    16 Strávili sme týždeň pri mori.
    13 John tam chodí každý deň.
    9 Vyzerá to dobre.
    2 Mohli by ste mi pomôcť?
    6 Ideš s nami?
    15 Prídem o pol šiestej.
    18 Nemohol som to nájsť.
    8 Kto ti to povedal?
    1 Kde si včera bol?
    5 Mal som veľa práce.
    7 Mal by si jej zavolať.
    11 Nepotrebujem to.
    14 Nesmie o tom vedieť.
    4 Prečo si mi to neposlal?
    10 Koľko to stojí?
    3 Chodí do práce autom.
    20 Prezreli sme si pamiatky.
    17 Museli sme čakať.

    Slovo sightseeing je zloženinou slov sights (pamiatky, pamätihodnosti) a seeing (videnie, pozeranie), teda “prezeranie pamiatok”. Places to visit sú miesta, ktoré sa oplatí navštíviť.