Exercises

Exercise 1

    • Preložte do slovenčiny.

    2 Take a look at this!
    8 We met several times.
    1 What are you watching?
    19 That sounds interesting.
    18 There's no need to worry.
    9 Is this your first time here?
    3 Tell him not to buy it.
    16 Shall we sit down?
    20 It feels great!
    15 He doesn't care about her.
    7 It was nice meeting you.
    5 He tries hard to be the best.
    17 I spent an hour looking for it.
    12 She never speaks to me.
    4 She knew nothing about it.
    13 Let's go shopping!
    6 It'll be best to take a taxi.
    11 I'll pick you up at the airport.
    10 What time does your plane land?
    14 She keeps talking about it.

    Feel je cítiť alebo cítiť sa, ale možno ho použiť aj keď opisujeme, aký pocit niečo vyvoláva. Napr. It feels good. - Je to dobrý pocit., It feels cold. - Chladí to.

    Exercise 2

    • Odpovedzte celou vetou kladne a potom záporne.

    7 Do they agree?
    5 Is she coming too?
    4 Have you got any money?
    6 Will you be there?
    2 Does he know?
    9 Could he do it for us?
    3 Can they help us?
    1 Are you hungry?
    8 Should I tell her?
    10 Am I right?

    Right znamená správny či správne. Možno ho ale tiež použiť v uisťovacích otázkach. Napr. Is that right? - Je to tak? či iba Right? - Že (áno)?

    Exercise 3

    • Tvorte otázky. Pýtajte sa na zvýraznené slová.

    2 Frank is coming too.
    7 Bob broke his leg last week.
    12 It's going to take a week.
    9 He goes there twice a week.
    8 She's afraid of flying.
    10 We got there at seven.
    11 He's got no children.
    1 I'm watching the news.
    3 They're going to arrange it.
    6 Only ten people came there.
    5 It costs twenty dollars.
    4 We'll meet on Wednesday.

    Exercise 4

    • Napíšte po anglicky celými slovami číselné údaje.

    7 35,785
    12 phone number 670098883
    1 on May 1st and 26th
    13 Charles II and Henry VIII
    10 in the 1980s
    6 0.05 seconds
    4 3,500
    8 9,756,004
    3 246 people
    5 4.6,000,000
    11 bus number 102
    2 He was 52nd.
    9 in the year 2015

    V písanej angličtine (hl. v novinách ap.) môžete často v kontexte súm a hodnôt naraziť na skratky K či k pre tisíce (z anglického kilo) a M či m pre milióny million. Napr. They spent $2.5M - “Utratili 2,5 milióna dolárov.”, It cost $15k. - “Stálo to 15 tisíc dolárov.” Podobne sa používa aj skratka B či bn pre miliardy (billion).

    Exercise 5

    • Odpovedzte celou vetou podľa pomôcok.

    2 How many dogs does she have? 2 dogs
    6 When is she coming back? on Friday
    10 Did you have a good time? great time
    7 What did they want? more money
    8 Did he cause any problems? no problems
    5 How much did it cost? 2000 dollars
    14 Did you travel by bus? no, hire a car
    3 When did she come back? at 2 a.m.
    1 How often does he exercise? 3x a week
    4 What are we going to do? ask them for help
    12 What did she tell you? nothing
    9 What did you drink? only tea
    11 Were there any problems? lots of
    13 When did you see him? last week

    Sloveso hire možno v britskej angličtine použiť aj na človeka a vec. V americkej angličtine sa ale hire užíva len na pracovníkov. Na prenájom vecí (požičiavanie za peniaze) sa v USA užíva rent. Napr.: We rented a car. - Požičali sme si auto. ap.

    Exercise 6

    • Tvorte vety opačného významu.

    1 He speaks English.
    3 I'm going to tell him.
    4 You should eat less meat.
    7 She's got a lot of friends.
    5 She doesn't like travelling.
    6 There's too much water.
    10 We'll be able to come.
    9 They could help us.
    2 She should tell them.
    8 There were more people.

    Exercise 7

    • Tvorte oznamovacie vety v prítomnom, budúcom a jednoduchom minulom čase.

    7 we, spend weekends abroad
    9 he, not like the food
    1 he, speak about it
    4 we, meet, on the bus
    3 she, send us, messages
    6 she, sit between us
    5 I, give him, the money
    2 my parents, know
    10 the car, be, not expensive
    8 our dog, not eat that

    Exercise 8

    • Povedzte po anglicky. Využite pomôcky.

    9 Pekne to vonia.
    smell
    5 Nehovor mu o tom!
    tell
    7 To bude omnoho lepšie.
    better
    2 Poďme ku mne (domov)!
    my place
    10 To je ale škoda!
    pity
    4 Vyzerá to zaujímavo.
    look
    1 To znie dobre!
    sound
    6 Požiadaj ju, nech príde.
    ask, come
    8 Nehádajme sa!
    let, argue
    3 Nech mi zavolá! (on)
    let, call

    Exercise 9

    • Upravte vety do času jednoduchého prítomného a jednoduchého minulého.

    7 She's sleeping late.
    6 He's coming.
    1 She's feeling good.
    5 School is beginning.
    3 It's snowing.
    10 I'm drinking beer.
    2 Bob is trying hard.
    8 I'm writing some e-mails.
    4 She's making dinner.
    9 He's bringing her flowers.

    Exercise 10

    • Doplňte 2. alebo 3. stupeň prídavných mien.

    7 Jane is so beautiful. She's the girl that I know.
    3 He may be fast, but he isn't the in the world.
    2 My dog is big, but his dog is even .
    5 My idea was bad but his idea is even .
    6 It's such a bad film! I think it's the film of all.
    8 It's very dangerous. You should be careful.
    11 He's good at tennis, but I am much .
    10 You didn't try enough. You must try next time.
    9 He tried so hard. He really did his .
    12 There were only 9 people last time, but today there are even .
    4 That house is expensive, but this house is much .
    1 He's tall but he isn't the boy in the family.

    Pozor na predložku: be good at ... - byť dobrý v... Napr.: He's good at it. - Ide mu to., Je v tom dobrý., I'm really bad at that. - To mi vôbec nejde. Slovo even sa používa na zdôraznenie ako slovenské ešte alebo dokonca či v zápore ani. Napr. He didn't even say goodbye. - Ani sa nerozlúčil. ap.

    Exercise 11

    • Použite gerundium na vytvorenie vety s rovnakým významom.

    9 I dislike it when I have to wait.
    1 He likes to play games.
    10 I hate it when people lie to me.
    5 We love it when we go out.
    8 It will be hard to solve.
    6 He hates it when he gets up early.
    11 She works hard and she enjoys it.
    12 I can remember that he told her.
    2 They love to sing.
    7 It should be easy to repair.
    3 Music started to play.
    4 He continued to read.

    Exercise 12

    • Preložte. Sústreďte sa na predložky.

    14 Someone's knocking at the door.
    12 Go down this road.
    6 I'll wait outside the shop.
    7 What else do you like besides watching TV?
    8 He lives in the flat above me.
    2 You are among friends.
    11 You can't take it on the plane.
    10 I'm ready for anything.
    5 The worst is behind us.
    4 people aged between 30 and 50
    9 He sits in front of the TV.
    3 It's just around the corner.
    13 We are open from 8 a.m. to 6 p.m.
    1 She left for work an hour ago.

    Zaklopať na niečo je síce po anglicky to knock on, napr. He knocked on the door., ale pokiaľ niekto stojí pri dverách a klope, použije sa bežne aj at the door. Fráza to answer the door potom znamená: (ísť) otvoriť (niekomu, kto klope, zvoní).

    Exercise 13

    • Vyberte správnu predložku.

    6 We often meet at/on/inside the bus or in/on/at the bus stop.
    13 Meet me on/to/at the airport in/at/on eight o'clock.
    5 She asked me to/at/for it and I gave it for/to/at her.
    4 There are lots of people at/in/about the streets.
    3 It's freezing outside. The temperature is under/below/behind zero.
    9 My birthday is at/on/in 3rd March.
    1 We'll meet at half to/after/past seven in/at/to my place.
    8 Walk over/through/by the bridge and then turn left.
    12 I'll make a reservation in/at/to the Marriott Hotel.
    10 We were at/in/on the seaside not on/in/at the mountains.
    11 What are you doing in/at/on Friday?
    7 She's afraid to/of/about flying.
    2 It's (a) quarter to/at/from six.

    Príkaz: Meet me ... možno preložiť ako Stretneme sa... (tam a tam).

    Užitočná fráza: without somebody's knowing - bez niečieho vedomia. Napr.: He did it without my knowing. - Urobil to bez môjho vedomia.

    Exercise 15

    • Spojte súvisiace výroky.

    • 1 Why did Jane leave?
    • 2 Can we go now?
    • 3 Did you tell anybody?
    • 4 Did you speak to Bob?
    • 5 Where did you meet?
    • 6 How often do you go there?
    • 7 Will you come to the party?
    • 8 Did you go on holiday?
    • 9 Does he have any siblings?
    • 10 How much did it cost?
    • j No, he's an only child.
    • i Usually twice a week.
    • h It wasn't very expensive.
    • b We met on the bus.
    • d Yes, we went on a road trip.
    • g Yes, I spoke to him last week.
    • a No, I told nobody.
    • f No, we'll have to wait.
    • c She had to go to work.
    • e No, I won't be able to.

    Road trip rəʊdtrɪp je dlhšia cesta pre zábavu podniknutá hl. autom. Napr.: We went on a road trip around the US. - Obišli sme autom USA.

    Exercise 16

    • Vyberte správne slovo.

    7 There were less/fewer people.
    16 It'll be many/much better.
    15 He causes too many/much trouble.
    19 How many/much beers did you have?
    10 How many/much water do you drink every day?
    14 There was few/little rain last year.
    6 That's too much/many money.
    11 There are little/few cars in the streets.
    4 I tried it many/much times.
    1 How many/much will it cost?
    18 Are there any other/another ideas?
    3 There will be many/much people.
    8 I have only little/a few friends.
    12 I speak very little/few English.
    9 It should take only little/few time.
    13 He made much/many mistakes.
    2 He doesn't eat many/much meat.
    17 He should get other/another chance.
    5 There wasn't very/much time.

    Látkové podstatné mená ako tea, coffee, beer ap., sú síce všeobecne nepočítateľné, ale ak hovoríme o konkrétnych porciách, druhoch ap., ide už o slovo počítateľné. Takže napr.: You drink too much coffee., ale I had too many coffees., podobne I drank too much beer., ale How many beers did you have? ap.

    Exercise 17

    • Preložte pomocou účelového neurčitku.

    6 Potrebujem, aby si mi pomohol. need you, help
    5 Som tu, aby som sa s ňou porozprával. speak to
    12 Beriem si taxík, aby som neprišiel neskoro. take, taxi, be late
    11 Zavolám bratovi, aby ma odviezol na letisko. call, take, to the airport
    10 Musíme sa poponáhľať, aby sme tam boli včas. hurry, in time
    13 Žiadala ma, aby som jej dal ďalšiu šancu. ask, give, chance
    8 Chcem, aby si to urobil hneď. want you, do, right now
    7 Povedz im, aby na nás nečakali. tell, wait
    9 Učím sa po anglicky, aby som rozumel cudzincom. learn, understand, foreigner
    1 Požiadaj ho, aby mi to poslal. ask, send
    2 Povedz jej, nech počká. tell, wait
    4 Aby si mal peniaze, musíš pracovať. work, have money
    3 Volám, aby som ti povedal... call, tell

    By chance znamená náhodou. They met by chance. - Stretli sa náhodou.

    Exercise 18

    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    11 If you don't have a phone, you can use my/me/mine.
    9 If you drink 5 beers, you'll be tall/drunk/broken.
    7 If you don't know what to do, ask everybody/somebody/nobody.
    6 She'll like you more if you leave/quit/let smoking.
    4 If it is hot/cold/late, I will wear a coat.
    8 It's early. If you call him now, you'll spend/wake/keep him.
    3 If he's so smart, why isn't he tall/rich/broken?
    5 How can he know that if somebody/nobody/everybody told him?
    2 If you aren't sure, you had/should/shall ask somebody.
    12 If it's expensive/broken/lost, someone should repair it.
    13 Don't open the door unless you feel/know/smell the person behind it.
    10 If you're tired, you should have a look/rest/pity.
    1 If you eat too much, you will be smart/fat/rich.

    Nezamieňajte anglické feel (cítiť - dotykom, mať pocit) a smell (cítiť čuchom)! Napr.: Can you smell it? - “Cítiš to?”. Sloveso smell of ... je v angličtine všeobecne neutrálne (znamená byť cítiť čím) napr. It smells of petrol. - “Je to cítiť benzínom.”, smell good/nice je voňať a smell bad je páchnuť, smrdieť. V niektorých prípadoch však má už samotné smell negatívny kontext. Napr.: Your feet smell! - “Smrdia ti nohy!”, His breath smells. - “Páchne mu z úst.” ap.

    Exercise 19

    • Doplňte slova: soon, early, late, later, in time

    1 He just left for a minute. He should be back .
    7 He went to bed late. Don't wake him too .
    5 He'll call me in an hour, so we should know .
    9 Please let me know as as possible!
    3 I'm leaving home now. I'll be there .
    6 I hate people being late, so be there .
    2 Last time he was late and today he's . He's never on time.
    8 She lived there in the 1990s. It was around 1992.
    4 I have no time now. I'll look at it .
    10 We agreed to meet at 6 and it's 6:20. You are again!

    Agree with... je súhlasiť s..., ale spojenie: agree on ... alebo tiež agree to (do) ... znamená skôr dohodnúť sa na... (niečom). Agreed! əˈgriːd je po slovensky Platí!, Dohodnuté! či Súhlasím!

    Exercise 20

    • Doplňte podľa kontextu tvary slovesa do alebo make.

    15 Stop fun of me!
    13 We're late but we can still it in time.
    8 How much money does he ?
    6 Do you any sports?
    4 You should your homework now.
    1 You are a big mistake!
    11 I only have 10 dollars. Will it ? - No, it costs 15 dollars.
    2 What are you here? Are you waiting for someone?
    5 I need to a phone call.
    12 Who's going to the shopping?
    9 Can you a reservation for me? I'll my best.
    14 He it to her happy.
    7 It doesn't sense. I get it.
    3 She's dinner just now.
    10 Please sure that you have enough money.

    Všimnite si, ako sa anglické sloveso do spája s podstatnými menami končiacimi na -ing (často gerundiom). Vzniká tak veľa užitočných ustálených spojení ako napr. do the washing up - umyť riad, do the cleaning - upratať, Let me do the talking. - Nechaj hovoriť mňa., I did a lot of thinking. - Veľa som premýšľal. ap.

    Exercise 21

    • Povedzte po anglicky. Použite gerundium, kde je to možné.

    4 Skúšaj to ďalej! keep, try
    9 Nezmienil sa, že pôjde do Londýna. mention, go to London
    10 Chýba mi život na vidieku. miss, live in the country
    3 Je to lepšie než sedieť doma. sit at home
    6 Kedy to dopíšeš? finish, write
    1 Rád pozeráš televíziu? watch TV
    7 Vieš si predstaviť, že by si tu zostal? imagine, stay
    5 Ona mi stále volá. keep, call, all the time
    2 Radšej cestujem vlakom. prefer, travel by train
    8 Mrzí ma, že som to povedal. be sorry for, say that

    Sloveso miss možno po slovensky preložiť ako chýbať, treba ale dávať pozor na obrátenie podmetu a predmetu! Napr.: I miss you. - Chýbaš mi., He misses his friends. - Chýbajú mu jeho priatelia., I'm missing two books. - Chýbajú mi dve knihy. Pozor! Podstatné meno Miss je po slovensky slečna (pred menom ap.).

    Exercise 22

    • Vyberte správne slovo podľa výkladu.

    6 A man who is not married is: free/single/double
    9 If a woman's husband dies, she is: divorced/an orphan/a widow
    10 If two people were married but they aren't married now, they are: husbands/widowed/divorced
    4 The son of a man's daughter is his: grandpa/grandparent/grandson
    2 The mother of your father is your: grandfather/grandmother/daughter
    7 A person with no siblings is: an only child/a widow/a learner
    8 A child with no parents is: a widow/an orphan/a sibling
    5 A husband and his wife are: married/widowed/single
    1 Your mother and father are your: siblings/parents/husbands
    3 If children are brothers or sisters, the are siblings/relatives/married

    Exercise 23

    • Doplňte podľa kontextu other, another alebo else.

    10 George is just New Yorker visiting London.
    2 What do people think?
    3 What will you need?
    1 Why do you need car?
    7 Is there anything I can do for you?
    9 Nobody knows that.
    5 Let's go somewhere .
    4 What things do you like?
    8 I'll come time.
    6 We will find some place.

    Koncovka -er sa používa aj na tvorenie názvov obyvateľov istého mesta či miesta. Napr.: Londoner ˈlʌndənə (Londýnčan), New Yorker njuː jɔːkə (Newyorčan), village (dedina) - villager ˈvɪlɪdʒə (dedinčan), island (ostrov) - islander ˈaɪləndə (ostrovan) ap. Nemožno ju však takto použiť vždy! Napr. Parížan je Parisian pəˈrɪzɪən, Riman je Roman ˈrəʊmən ap.

    Exercise 24

    • Preložte.

    14 Nesmie o tom vedieť.
    2 Mohli by ste mi pomôcť?
    6 Ideš s nami?
    11 Nepotrebujem to.
    17 Museli sme čakať.
    19 Nebudem môcť prísť.
    9 Vyzerá to dobre.
    5 Mal som veľa práce.
    3 Chodí do práce autom.
    12 Idem nakupovať.
    15 Prídem o pol šiestej.
    16 Strávili sme týždeň pri mori.
    7 Mal by si jej zavolať.
    18 Nemohol som to nájsť.
    8 Kto ti to povedal?
    1 Kde si včera bol?
    10 Koľko to stojí?
    20 Prezreli sme si pamiatky.
    13 John tam chodí každý deň.
    4 Prečo si mi to neposlal?

    Slovo sightseeing je zloženinou slov sights (pamiatky, pamätihodnosti) a seeing (videnie, pozeranie), teda “prezeranie pamiatok”. Places to visit sú miesta, ktoré sa oplatí navštíviť.