Exercises

Exercise 1

    • Preložte do slovenčiny.

    3 Tell him not to buy it.
    20 It feels great!
    12 She never speaks to me.
    7 It was nice meeting you.
    6 It'll be best to take a taxi.
    9 Is this your first time here?
    8 We met several times.
    1 What are you watching?
    2 Take a look at this!
    5 He tries hard to be the best.
    18 There's no need to worry.
    10 What time does your plane land?
    11 I'll pick you up at the airport.
    16 Shall we sit down?
    4 She knew nothing about it.
    13 Let's go shopping!
    14 She keeps talking about it.
    15 He doesn't care about her.
    17 I spent an hour looking for it.
    19 That sounds interesting.

    Feel je cítiť alebo cítiť sa, ale možno ho použiť aj keď opisujeme, aký pocit niečo vyvoláva. Napr. It feels good. - Je to dobrý pocit., It feels cold. - Chladí to.

    Exercise 2

    • Odpovedzte celou vetou kladne a potom záporne.

    5 Is she coming too?
    9 Could he do it for us?
    8 Should I tell her?
    1 Are you hungry?
    2 Does he know?
    10 Am I right?
    4 Have you got any money?
    6 Will you be there?
    3 Can they help us?
    7 Do they agree?

    Right znamená správny či správne. Možno ho ale tiež použiť v uisťovacích otázkach. Napr. Is that right? - Je to tak? či iba Right? - Že (áno)?

    Exercise 3

    • Tvorte otázky. Pýtajte sa na zvýraznené slová.

    5 It costs twenty dollars.
    12 It's going to take a week.
    4 We'll meet on Wednesday.
    2 Frank is coming too.
    1 I'm watching the news.
    6 Only ten people came there.
    8 She's afraid of flying.
    3 They're going to arrange it.
    9 He goes there twice a week.
    10 We got there at seven.
    7 Bob broke his leg last week.
    11 He's got no children.

    Exercise 4

    • Napíšte po anglicky celými slovami číselné údaje.

    2 He was 52nd.
    7 35,785
    8 9,756,004
    9 in the year 2015
    10 in the 1980s
    12 phone number 670098883
    3 246 people
    4 3,500
    5 4.6,000,000
    13 Charles II and Henry VIII
    1 on May 1st and 26th
    6 0.05 seconds
    11 bus number 102

    V písanej angličtine (hl. v novinách ap.) môžete často v kontexte súm a hodnôt naraziť na skratky K či k pre tisíce (z anglického kilo) a M či m pre milióny million. Napr. They spent $2.5M - “Utratili 2,5 milióna dolárov.”, It cost $15k. - “Stálo to 15 tisíc dolárov.” Podobne sa používa aj skratka B či bn pre miliardy (billion).

    Exercise 5

    • Odpovedzte celou vetou podľa pomôcok.

    11 Were there any problems? lots of
    3 When did she come back? at 2 a.m.
    4 What are we going to do? ask them for help
    5 How much did it cost? 2000 dollars
    1 How often does he exercise? 3x a week
    13 When did you see him? last week
    7 What did they want? more money
    10 Did you have a good time? great time
    14 Did you travel by bus? no, hire a car
    9 What did you drink? only tea
    12 What did she tell you? nothing
    8 Did he cause any problems? no problems
    2 How many dogs does she have? 2 dogs
    6 When is she coming back? on Friday

    Sloveso hire možno v britskej angličtine použiť aj na človeka a vec. V americkej angličtine sa ale hire užíva len na pracovníkov. Na prenájom vecí (požičiavanie za peniaze) sa v USA užíva rent. Napr.: We rented a car. - Požičali sme si auto. ap.

    Exercise 6

    • Tvorte vety opačného významu.

    8 There were more people.
    4 You should eat less meat.
    9 They could help us.
    6 There's too much water.
    5 She doesn't like travelling.
    3 I'm going to tell him.
    10 We'll be able to come.
    1 He speaks English.
    7 She's got a lot of friends.
    2 She should tell them.

    Exercise 7

    • Tvorte oznamovacie vety v prítomnom, budúcom a jednoduchom minulom čase.

    10 the car, be, not expensive
    9 he, not like the food
    8 our dog, not eat that
    1 he, speak about it
    5 I, give him, the money
    3 she, send us, messages
    7 we, spend weekends abroad
    6 she, sit between us
    4 we, meet, on the bus
    2 my parents, know

    Exercise 8

    • Povedzte po anglicky. Využite pomôcky.

    10 To je ale škoda!
    pity
    1 To znie dobre!
    sound
    3 Nech mi zavolá! (on)
    let, call
    4 Vyzerá to zaujímavo.
    look
    7 To bude omnoho lepšie.
    better
    5 Nehovor mu o tom!
    tell
    9 Pekne to vonia.
    smell
    8 Nehádajme sa!
    let, argue
    6 Požiadaj ju, nech príde.
    ask, come
    2 Poďme ku mne (domov)!
    my place

    Exercise 9

    • Upravte vety do času jednoduchého prítomného a jednoduchého minulého.

    1 She's feeling good.
    6 He's coming.
    10 I'm drinking beer.
    9 He's bringing her flowers.
    4 She's making dinner.
    7 She's sleeping late.
    8 I'm writing some e-mails.
    3 It's snowing.
    2 Bob is trying hard.
    5 School is beginning.

    Exercise 10

    • Doplňte 2. alebo 3. stupeň prídavných mien.

    11 He's good at tennis, but I am much .
    8 It's very dangerous. You should be careful.
    4 That house is expensive, but this house is much .
    9 He tried so hard. He really did his .
    12 There were only 9 people last time, but today there are even .
    1 He's tall but he isn't the boy in the family.
    6 It's such a bad film! I think it's the film of all.
    3 He may be fast, but he isn't the in the world.
    2 My dog is big, but his dog is even .
    10 You didn't try enough. You must try next time.
    5 My idea was bad but his idea is even .
    7 Jane is so beautiful. She's the girl that I know.

    Pozor na predložku: be good at ... - byť dobrý v... Napr.: He's good at it. - Ide mu to., Je v tom dobrý., I'm really bad at that. - To mi vôbec nejde. Slovo even sa používa na zdôraznenie ako slovenské ešte alebo dokonca či v zápore ani. Napr. He didn't even say goodbye. - Ani sa nerozlúčil. ap.

    Exercise 11

    • Použite gerundium na vytvorenie vety s rovnakým významom.

    3 Music started to play.
    10 I hate it when people lie to me.
    11 She works hard and she enjoys it.
    12 I can remember that he told her.
    7 It should be easy to repair.
    5 We love it when we go out.
    4 He continued to read.
    2 They love to sing.
    1 He likes to play games.
    9 I dislike it when I have to wait.
    6 He hates it when he gets up early.
    8 It will be hard to solve.

    Exercise 12

    • Preložte. Sústreďte sa na predložky.

    1 She left for work an hour ago.
    12 Go down this road.
    8 He lives in the flat above me.
    10 I'm ready for anything.
    6 I'll wait outside the shop.
    5 The worst is behind us.
    7 What else do you like besides watching TV?
    9 He sits in front of the TV.
    2 You are among friends.
    3 It's just around the corner.
    14 Someone's knocking at the door.
    11 You can't take it on the plane.
    4 people aged between 30 and 50
    13 We are open from 8 a.m. to 6 p.m.

    Zaklopať na niečo je síce po anglicky to knock on, napr. He knocked on the door., ale pokiaľ niekto stojí pri dverách a klope, použije sa bežne aj at the door. Fráza to answer the door potom znamená: (ísť) otvoriť (niekomu, kto klope, zvoní).

    Exercise 13

    • Vyberte správnu predložku.

    7 She's afraid to/of/about flying.
    8 Walk over/through/by the bridge and then turn left.
    4 There are lots of people at/in/about the streets.
    5 She asked me to/at/for it and I gave it for/to/at her.
    9 My birthday is at/on/in 3rd March.
    1 We'll meet at half to/after/past seven in/at/to my place.
    11 What are you doing in/at/on Friday?
    13 Meet me on/to/at the airport in/at/on eight o'clock.
    2 It's (a) quarter to/at/from six.
    10 We were at/in/on the seaside not on/in/at the mountains.
    3 It's freezing outside. The temperature is under/below/behind zero.
    12 I'll make a reservation in/at/to the Marriott Hotel.
    6 We often meet at/on/inside the bus or in/on/at the bus stop.

    Príkaz: Meet me ... možno preložiť ako Stretneme sa... (tam a tam).

    Užitočná fráza: without somebody's knowing - bez niečieho vedomia. Napr.: He did it without my knowing. - Urobil to bez môjho vedomia.

    Exercise 15

    • Spojte súvisiace výroky.

    • 1 Why did Jane leave?
    • 2 Can we go now?
    • 3 Did you tell anybody?
    • 4 Did you speak to Bob?
    • 5 Where did you meet?
    • 6 How often do you go there?
    • 7 Will you come to the party?
    • 8 Did you go on holiday?
    • 9 Does he have any siblings?
    • 10 How much did it cost?
    • i Usually twice a week.
    • j No, he's an only child.
    • a No, I told nobody.
    • d Yes, we went on a road trip.
    • b We met on the bus.
    • g Yes, I spoke to him last week.
    • e No, I won't be able to.
    • f No, we'll have to wait.
    • c She had to go to work.
    • h It wasn't very expensive.

    Road trip rəʊdtrɪp je dlhšia cesta pre zábavu podniknutá hl. autom. Napr.: We went on a road trip around the US. - Obišli sme autom USA.

    Exercise 16

    • Vyberte správne slovo.

    13 He made much/many mistakes.
    6 That's too much/many money.
    16 It'll be many/much better.
    4 I tried it many/much times.
    14 There was few/little rain last year.
    11 There are little/few cars in the streets.
    18 Are there any other/another ideas?
    12 I speak very little/few English.
    1 How many/much will it cost?
    8 I have only little/a few friends.
    9 It should take only little/few time.
    17 He should get other/another chance.
    7 There were less/fewer people.
    3 There will be many/much people.
    5 There wasn't very/much time.
    15 He causes too many/much trouble.
    2 He doesn't eat many/much meat.
    10 How many/much water do you drink every day?
    19 How many/much beers did you have?

    Látkové podstatné mená ako tea, coffee, beer ap., sú síce všeobecne nepočítateľné, ale ak hovoríme o konkrétnych porciách, druhoch ap., ide už o slovo počítateľné. Takže napr.: You drink too much coffee., ale I had too many coffees., podobne I drank too much beer., ale How many beers did you have? ap.

    Exercise 17

    • Preložte pomocou účelového neurčitku.

    1 Požiadaj ho, aby mi to poslal. ask, send
    9 Učím sa po anglicky, aby som rozumel cudzincom. learn, understand, foreigner
    3 Volám, aby som ti povedal... call, tell
    12 Beriem si taxík, aby som neprišiel neskoro. take, taxi, be late
    8 Chcem, aby si to urobil hneď. want you, do, right now
    4 Aby si mal peniaze, musíš pracovať. work, have money
    7 Povedz im, aby na nás nečakali. tell, wait
    13 Žiadala ma, aby som jej dal ďalšiu šancu. ask, give, chance
    5 Som tu, aby som sa s ňou porozprával. speak to
    2 Povedz jej, nech počká. tell, wait
    11 Zavolám bratovi, aby ma odviezol na letisko. call, take, to the airport
    10 Musíme sa poponáhľať, aby sme tam boli včas. hurry, in time
    6 Potrebujem, aby si mi pomohol. need you, help

    By chance znamená náhodou. They met by chance. - Stretli sa náhodou.

    Exercise 18

    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    4 If it is hot/cold/late, I will wear a coat.
    3 If he's so smart, why isn't he tall/rich/broken?
    12 If it's expensive/broken/lost, someone should repair it.
    8 It's early. If you call him now, you'll spend/wake/keep him.
    1 If you eat too much, you will be smart/fat/rich.
    6 She'll like you more if you leave/quit/let smoking.
    11 If you don't have a phone, you can use my/me/mine.
    13 Don't open the door unless you feel/know/smell the person behind it.
    9 If you drink 5 beers, you'll be tall/drunk/broken.
    2 If you aren't sure, you had/should/shall ask somebody.
    10 If you're tired, you should have a look/rest/pity.
    5 How can he know that if somebody/nobody/everybody told him?
    7 If you don't know what to do, ask everybody/somebody/nobody.

    Nezamieňajte anglické feel (cítiť - dotykom, mať pocit) a smell (cítiť čuchom)! Napr.: Can you smell it? - “Cítiš to?”. Sloveso smell of ... je v angličtine všeobecne neutrálne (znamená byť cítiť čím) napr. It smells of petrol. - “Je to cítiť benzínom.”, smell good/nice je voňať a smell bad je páchnuť, smrdieť. V niektorých prípadoch však má už samotné smell negatívny kontext. Napr.: Your feet smell! - “Smrdia ti nohy!”, His breath smells. - “Páchne mu z úst.” ap.

    Exercise 19

    • Doplňte slova: soon, early, late, later, in time

    6 I hate people being late, so be there .
    1 He just left for a minute. He should be back .
    8 She lived there in the 1990s. It was around 1992.
    10 We agreed to meet at 6 and it's 6:20. You are again!
    5 He'll call me in an hour, so we should know .
    7 He went to bed late. Don't wake him too .
    2 Last time he was late and today he's . He's never on time.
    4 I have no time now. I'll look at it .
    3 I'm leaving home now. I'll be there .
    9 Please let me know as as possible!

    Agree with... je súhlasiť s..., ale spojenie: agree on ... alebo tiež agree to (do) ... znamená skôr dohodnúť sa na... (niečom). Agreed! əˈgriːd je po slovensky Platí!, Dohodnuté! či Súhlasím!

    Exercise 20

    • Doplňte podľa kontextu tvary slovesa do alebo make.

    15 Stop fun of me!
    6 Do you any sports?
    8 How much money does he ?
    9 Can you a reservation for me? I'll my best.
    5 I need to a phone call.
    13 We're late but we can still it in time.
    10 Please sure that you have enough money.
    14 He it to her happy.
    7 It doesn't sense. I get it.
    2 What are you here? Are you waiting for someone?
    12 Who's going to the shopping?
    3 She's dinner just now.
    11 I only have 10 dollars. Will it ? - No, it costs 15 dollars.
    4 You should your homework now.
    1 You are a big mistake!

    Všimnite si, ako sa anglické sloveso do spája s podstatnými menami končiacimi na -ing (často gerundiom). Vzniká tak veľa užitočných ustálených spojení ako napr. do the washing up - umyť riad, do the cleaning - upratať, Let me do the talking. - Nechaj hovoriť mňa., I did a lot of thinking. - Veľa som premýšľal. ap.

    Exercise 21

    • Povedzte po anglicky. Použite gerundium, kde je to možné.

    4 Skúšaj to ďalej! keep, try
    3 Je to lepšie než sedieť doma. sit at home
    1 Rád pozeráš televíziu? watch TV
    10 Chýba mi život na vidieku. miss, live in the country
    6 Kedy to dopíšeš? finish, write
    2 Radšej cestujem vlakom. prefer, travel by train
    8 Mrzí ma, že som to povedal. be sorry for, say that
    7 Vieš si predstaviť, že by si tu zostal? imagine, stay
    9 Nezmienil sa, že pôjde do Londýna. mention, go to London
    5 Ona mi stále volá. keep, call, all the time

    Sloveso miss možno po slovensky preložiť ako chýbať, treba ale dávať pozor na obrátenie podmetu a predmetu! Napr.: I miss you. - Chýbaš mi., He misses his friends. - Chýbajú mu jeho priatelia., I'm missing two books. - Chýbajú mi dve knihy. Pozor! Podstatné meno Miss je po slovensky slečna (pred menom ap.).

    Exercise 22

    • Vyberte správne slovo podľa výkladu.

    2 The mother of your father is your: grandfather/grandmother/daughter
    4 The son of a man's daughter is his: grandpa/grandparent/grandson
    6 A man who is not married is: free/single/double
    10 If two people were married but they aren't married now, they are: husbands/widowed/divorced
    1 Your mother and father are your: siblings/parents/husbands
    9 If a woman's husband dies, she is: divorced/an orphan/a widow
    5 A husband and his wife are: married/widowed/single
    3 If children are brothers or sisters, the are siblings/relatives/married
    8 A child with no parents is: a widow/an orphan/a sibling
    7 A person with no siblings is: an only child/a widow/a learner

    Exercise 23

    • Doplňte podľa kontextu other, another alebo else.

    7 Is there anything I can do for you?
    1 Why do you need car?
    8 I'll come time.
    6 We will find some place.
    10 George is just New Yorker visiting London.
    4 What things do you like?
    9 Nobody knows that.
    3 What will you need?
    2 What do people think?
    5 Let's go somewhere .

    Koncovka -er sa používa aj na tvorenie názvov obyvateľov istého mesta či miesta. Napr.: Londoner ˈlʌndənə (Londýnčan), New Yorker njuː jɔːkə (Newyorčan), village (dedina) - villager ˈvɪlɪdʒə (dedinčan), island (ostrov) - islander ˈaɪləndə (ostrovan) ap. Nemožno ju však takto použiť vždy! Napr. Parížan je Parisian pəˈrɪzɪən, Riman je Roman ˈrəʊmən ap.

    Exercise 24

    • Preložte.

    7 Mal by si jej zavolať.
    4 Prečo si mi to neposlal?
    2 Mohli by ste mi pomôcť?
    10 Koľko to stojí?
    14 Nesmie o tom vedieť.
    3 Chodí do práce autom.
    17 Museli sme čakať.
    12 Idem nakupovať.
    5 Mal som veľa práce.
    8 Kto ti to povedal?
    9 Vyzerá to dobre.
    20 Prezreli sme si pamiatky.
    11 Nepotrebujem to.
    15 Prídem o pol šiestej.
    1 Kde si včera bol?
    6 Ideš s nami?
    13 John tam chodí každý deň.
    19 Nebudem môcť prísť.
    16 Strávili sme týždeň pri mori.
    18 Nemohol som to nájsť.

    Slovo sightseeing je zloženinou slov sights (pamiatky, pamätihodnosti) a seeing (videnie, pozeranie), teda “prezeranie pamiatok”. Places to visit sú miesta, ktoré sa oplatí navštíviť.