Exercises

Exercise 1

    • Preložte do slovenčiny.

    10 What time does your plane land?
    4 She knew nothing about it.
    16 Shall we sit down?
    5 He tries hard to be the best.
    13 Let's go shopping!
    17 I spent an hour looking for it.
    19 That sounds interesting.
    8 We met several times.
    12 She never speaks to me.
    1 What are you watching?
    3 Tell him not to buy it.
    6 It'll be best to take a taxi.
    15 He doesn't care about her.
    18 There's no need to worry.
    20 It feels great!
    2 Take a look at this!
    9 Is this your first time here?
    14 She keeps talking about it.
    11 I'll pick you up at the airport.
    7 It was nice meeting you.

    Feel je cítiť alebo cítiť sa, ale možno ho použiť aj keď opisujeme, aký pocit niečo vyvoláva. Napr. It feels good. - Je to dobrý pocit., It feels cold. - Chladí to.

    Exercise 2

    • Odpovedzte celou vetou kladne a potom záporne.

    10 Am I right?
    1 Are you hungry?
    6 Will you be there?
    3 Can they help us?
    2 Does he know?
    4 Have you got any money?
    5 Is she coming too?
    9 Could he do it for us?
    8 Should I tell her?
    7 Do they agree?

    Right znamená správny či správne. Možno ho ale tiež použiť v uisťovacích otázkach. Napr. Is that right? - Je to tak? či iba Right? - Že (áno)?

    Exercise 3

    • Tvorte otázky. Pýtajte sa na zvýraznené slová.

    11 He's got no children.
    6 Only ten people came there.
    9 He goes there twice a week.
    3 They're going to arrange it.
    2 Frank is coming too.
    12 It's going to take a week.
    4 We'll meet on Wednesday.
    5 It costs twenty dollars.
    8 She's afraid of flying.
    7 Bob broke his leg last week.
    1 I'm watching the news.
    10 We got there at seven.

    Exercise 4

    • Napíšte po anglicky celými slovami číselné údaje.

    7 35,785
    6 0.05 seconds
    5 4.6,000,000
    4 3,500
    11 bus number 102
    12 phone number 670098883
    13 Charles II and Henry VIII
    2 He was 52nd.
    10 in the 1980s
    9 in the year 2015
    1 on May 1st and 26th
    3 246 people
    8 9,756,004

    V písanej angličtine (hl. v novinách ap.) môžete často v kontexte súm a hodnôt naraziť na skratky K či k pre tisíce (z anglického kilo) a M či m pre milióny million. Napr. They spent $2.5M - “Utratili 2,5 milióna dolárov.”, It cost $15k. - “Stálo to 15 tisíc dolárov.” Podobne sa používa aj skratka B či bn pre miliardy (billion).

    Exercise 5

    • Odpovedzte celou vetou podľa pomôcok.

    4 What are we going to do? ask them for help
    12 What did she tell you? nothing
    8 Did he cause any problems? no problems
    1 How often does he exercise? 3x a week
    10 Did you have a good time? great time
    6 When is she coming back? on Friday
    9 What did you drink? only tea
    11 Were there any problems? lots of
    13 When did you see him? last week
    14 Did you travel by bus? no, hire a car
    2 How many dogs does she have? 2 dogs
    7 What did they want? more money
    3 When did she come back? at 2 a.m.
    5 How much did it cost? 2000 dollars

    Sloveso hire možno v britskej angličtine použiť aj na človeka a vec. V americkej angličtine sa ale hire užíva len na pracovníkov. Na prenájom vecí (požičiavanie za peniaze) sa v USA užíva rent. Napr.: We rented a car. - Požičali sme si auto. ap.

    Exercise 6

    • Tvorte vety opačného významu.

    8 There were more people.
    5 She doesn't like travelling.
    3 I'm going to tell him.
    2 She should tell them.
    1 He speaks English.
    4 You should eat less meat.
    9 They could help us.
    10 We'll be able to come.
    7 She's got a lot of friends.
    6 There's too much water.

    Exercise 7

    • Tvorte oznamovacie vety v prítomnom, budúcom a jednoduchom minulom čase.

    9 he, not like the food
    8 our dog, not eat that
    2 my parents, know
    3 she, send us, messages
    7 we, spend weekends abroad
    1 he, speak about it
    10 the car, be, not expensive
    6 she, sit between us
    4 we, meet, on the bus
    5 I, give him, the money

    Exercise 8

    • Povedzte po anglicky. Využite pomôcky.

    3 Nech mi zavolá! (on)
    let, call
    10 To je ale škoda!
    pity
    1 To znie dobre!
    sound
    2 Poďme ku mne (domov)!
    my place
    8 Nehádajme sa!
    let, argue
    7 To bude omnoho lepšie.
    better
    9 Pekne to vonia.
    smell
    4 Vyzerá to zaujímavo.
    look
    6 Požiadaj ju, nech príde.
    ask, come
    5 Nehovor mu o tom!
    tell

    Exercise 9

    • Upravte vety do času jednoduchého prítomného a jednoduchého minulého.

    10 I'm drinking beer.
    4 She's making dinner.
    6 He's coming.
    5 School is beginning.
    1 She's feeling good.
    3 It's snowing.
    9 He's bringing her flowers.
    8 I'm writing some e-mails.
    7 She's sleeping late.
    2 Bob is trying hard.

    Exercise 10

    • Doplňte 2. alebo 3. stupeň prídavných mien.

    5 My idea was bad but his idea is even .
    6 It's such a bad film! I think it's the film of all.
    7 Jane is so beautiful. She's the girl that I know.
    1 He's tall but he isn't the boy in the family.
    12 There were only 9 people last time, but today there are even .
    8 It's very dangerous. You should be careful.
    9 He tried so hard. He really did his .
    2 My dog is big, but his dog is even .
    4 That house is expensive, but this house is much .
    10 You didn't try enough. You must try next time.
    3 He may be fast, but he isn't the in the world.
    11 He's good at tennis, but I am much .

    Pozor na predložku: be good at ... - byť dobrý v... Napr.: He's good at it. - Ide mu to., Je v tom dobrý., I'm really bad at that. - To mi vôbec nejde. Slovo even sa používa na zdôraznenie ako slovenské ešte alebo dokonca či v zápore ani. Napr. He didn't even say goodbye. - Ani sa nerozlúčil. ap.

    Exercise 11

    • Použite gerundium na vytvorenie vety s rovnakým významom.

    8 It will be hard to solve.
    10 I hate it when people lie to me.
    1 He likes to play games.
    3 Music started to play.
    7 It should be easy to repair.
    5 We love it when we go out.
    2 They love to sing.
    6 He hates it when he gets up early.
    11 She works hard and she enjoys it.
    9 I dislike it when I have to wait.
    12 I can remember that he told her.
    4 He continued to read.

    Exercise 12

    • Preložte. Sústreďte sa na predložky.

    10 I'm ready for anything.
    11 You can't take it on the plane.
    13 We are open from 8 a.m. to 6 p.m.
    12 Go down this road.
    7 What else do you like besides watching TV?
    4 people aged between 30 and 50
    8 He lives in the flat above me.
    1 She left for work an hour ago.
    6 I'll wait outside the shop.
    3 It's just around the corner.
    2 You are among friends.
    9 He sits in front of the TV.
    5 The worst is behind us.
    14 Someone's knocking at the door.

    Zaklopať na niečo je síce po anglicky to knock on, napr. He knocked on the door., ale pokiaľ niekto stojí pri dverách a klope, použije sa bežne aj at the door. Fráza to answer the door potom znamená: (ísť) otvoriť (niekomu, kto klope, zvoní).

    Exercise 13

    • Vyberte správnu predložku.

    8 Walk over/through/by the bridge and then turn left.
    7 She's afraid to/of/about flying.
    12 I'll make a reservation in/at/to the Marriott Hotel.
    1 We'll meet at half to/after/past seven in/at/to my place.
    10 We were at/in/on the seaside not on/in/at the mountains.
    2 It's (a) quarter to/at/from six.
    5 She asked me to/at/for it and I gave it for/to/at her.
    11 What are you doing in/at/on Friday?
    13 Meet me on/to/at the airport in/at/on eight o'clock.
    6 We often meet at/on/inside the bus or in/on/at the bus stop.
    4 There are lots of people at/in/about the streets.
    9 My birthday is at/on/in 3rd March.
    3 It's freezing outside. The temperature is under/below/behind zero.

    Príkaz: Meet me ... možno preložiť ako Stretneme sa... (tam a tam).

    Užitočná fráza: without somebody's knowing - bez niečieho vedomia. Napr.: He did it without my knowing. - Urobil to bez môjho vedomia.

    Exercise 15

    • Spojte súvisiace výroky.

    • 1 Why did Jane leave?
    • 2 Can we go now?
    • 3 Did you tell anybody?
    • 4 Did you speak to Bob?
    • 5 Where did you meet?
    • 6 How often do you go there?
    • 7 Will you come to the party?
    • 8 Did you go on holiday?
    • 9 Does he have any siblings?
    • 10 How much did it cost?
    • g Yes, I spoke to him last week.
    • b We met on the bus.
    • i Usually twice a week.
    • j No, he's an only child.
    • d Yes, we went on a road trip.
    • f No, we'll have to wait.
    • a No, I told nobody.
    • e No, I won't be able to.
    • c She had to go to work.
    • h It wasn't very expensive.

    Road trip rəʊdtrɪp je dlhšia cesta pre zábavu podniknutá hl. autom. Napr.: We went on a road trip around the US. - Obišli sme autom USA.

    Exercise 16

    • Vyberte správne slovo.

    1 How many/much will it cost?
    10 How many/much water do you drink every day?
    5 There wasn't very/much time.
    16 It'll be many/much better.
    6 That's too much/many money.
    19 How many/much beers did you have?
    15 He causes too many/much trouble.
    18 Are there any other/another ideas?
    3 There will be many/much people.
    4 I tried it many/much times.
    2 He doesn't eat many/much meat.
    17 He should get other/another chance.
    8 I have only little/a few friends.
    7 There were less/fewer people.
    11 There are little/few cars in the streets.
    13 He made much/many mistakes.
    14 There was few/little rain last year.
    12 I speak very little/few English.
    9 It should take only little/few time.

    Látkové podstatné mená ako tea, coffee, beer ap., sú síce všeobecne nepočítateľné, ale ak hovoríme o konkrétnych porciách, druhoch ap., ide už o slovo počítateľné. Takže napr.: You drink too much coffee., ale I had too many coffees., podobne I drank too much beer., ale How many beers did you have? ap.

    Exercise 17

    • Preložte pomocou účelového neurčitku.

    6 Potrebujem, aby si mi pomohol. need you, help
    1 Požiadaj ho, aby mi to poslal. ask, send
    8 Chcem, aby si to urobil hneď. want you, do, right now
    7 Povedz im, aby na nás nečakali. tell, wait
    13 Žiadala ma, aby som jej dal ďalšiu šancu. ask, give, chance
    2 Povedz jej, nech počká. tell, wait
    9 Učím sa po anglicky, aby som rozumel cudzincom. learn, understand, foreigner
    5 Som tu, aby som sa s ňou porozprával. speak to
    3 Volám, aby som ti povedal... call, tell
    11 Zavolám bratovi, aby ma odviezol na letisko. call, take, to the airport
    4 Aby si mal peniaze, musíš pracovať. work, have money
    10 Musíme sa poponáhľať, aby sme tam boli včas. hurry, in time
    12 Beriem si taxík, aby som neprišiel neskoro. take, taxi, be late

    By chance znamená náhodou. They met by chance. - Stretli sa náhodou.

    Exercise 18

    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    9 If you drink 5 beers, you'll be tall/drunk/broken.
    5 How can he know that if somebody/nobody/everybody told him?
    13 Don't open the door unless you feel/know/smell the person behind it.
    10 If you're tired, you should have a look/rest/pity.
    11 If you don't have a phone, you can use my/me/mine.
    4 If it is hot/cold/late, I will wear a coat.
    2 If you aren't sure, you had/should/shall ask somebody.
    1 If you eat too much, you will be smart/fat/rich.
    8 It's early. If you call him now, you'll spend/wake/keep him.
    6 She'll like you more if you leave/quit/let smoking.
    3 If he's so smart, why isn't he tall/rich/broken?
    7 If you don't know what to do, ask everybody/somebody/nobody.
    12 If it's expensive/broken/lost, someone should repair it.

    Nezamieňajte anglické feel (cítiť - dotykom, mať pocit) a smell (cítiť čuchom)! Napr.: Can you smell it? - “Cítiš to?”. Sloveso smell of ... je v angličtine všeobecne neutrálne (znamená byť cítiť čím) napr. It smells of petrol. - “Je to cítiť benzínom.”, smell good/nice je voňať a smell bad je páchnuť, smrdieť. V niektorých prípadoch však má už samotné smell negatívny kontext. Napr.: Your feet smell! - “Smrdia ti nohy!”, His breath smells. - “Páchne mu z úst.” ap.

    Exercise 19

    • Doplňte slova: soon, early, late, later, in time

    2 Last time he was late and today he's . He's never on time.
    7 He went to bed late. Don't wake him too .
    9 Please let me know as as possible!
    10 We agreed to meet at 6 and it's 6:20. You are again!
    4 I have no time now. I'll look at it .
    1 He just left for a minute. He should be back .
    6 I hate people being late, so be there .
    3 I'm leaving home now. I'll be there .
    8 She lived there in the 1990s. It was around 1992.
    5 He'll call me in an hour, so we should know .

    Agree with... je súhlasiť s..., ale spojenie: agree on ... alebo tiež agree to (do) ... znamená skôr dohodnúť sa na... (niečom). Agreed! əˈgriːd je po slovensky Platí!, Dohodnuté! či Súhlasím!

    Exercise 20

    • Doplňte podľa kontextu tvary slovesa do alebo make.

    9 Can you a reservation for me? I'll my best.
    15 Stop fun of me!
    2 What are you here? Are you waiting for someone?
    11 I only have 10 dollars. Will it ? - No, it costs 15 dollars.
    6 Do you any sports?
    5 I need to a phone call.
    8 How much money does he ?
    12 Who's going to the shopping?
    3 She's dinner just now.
    7 It doesn't sense. I get it.
    13 We're late but we can still it in time.
    1 You are a big mistake!
    10 Please sure that you have enough money.
    4 You should your homework now.
    14 He it to her happy.

    Všimnite si, ako sa anglické sloveso do spája s podstatnými menami končiacimi na -ing (často gerundiom). Vzniká tak veľa užitočných ustálených spojení ako napr. do the washing up - umyť riad, do the cleaning - upratať, Let me do the talking. - Nechaj hovoriť mňa., I did a lot of thinking. - Veľa som premýšľal. ap.

    Exercise 21

    • Povedzte po anglicky. Použite gerundium, kde je to možné.

    1 Rád pozeráš televíziu? watch TV
    10 Chýba mi život na vidieku. miss, live in the country
    9 Nezmienil sa, že pôjde do Londýna. mention, go to London
    3 Je to lepšie než sedieť doma. sit at home
    5 Ona mi stále volá. keep, call, all the time
    4 Skúšaj to ďalej! keep, try
    6 Kedy to dopíšeš? finish, write
    2 Radšej cestujem vlakom. prefer, travel by train
    8 Mrzí ma, že som to povedal. be sorry for, say that
    7 Vieš si predstaviť, že by si tu zostal? imagine, stay

    Sloveso miss možno po slovensky preložiť ako chýbať, treba ale dávať pozor na obrátenie podmetu a predmetu! Napr.: I miss you. - Chýbaš mi., He misses his friends. - Chýbajú mu jeho priatelia., I'm missing two books. - Chýbajú mi dve knihy. Pozor! Podstatné meno Miss je po slovensky slečna (pred menom ap.).

    Exercise 22

    • Vyberte správne slovo podľa výkladu.

    5 A husband and his wife are: married/widowed/single
    2 The mother of your father is your: grandfather/grandmother/daughter
    1 Your mother and father are your: siblings/parents/husbands
    10 If two people were married but they aren't married now, they are: husbands/widowed/divorced
    8 A child with no parents is: a widow/an orphan/a sibling
    9 If a woman's husband dies, she is: divorced/an orphan/a widow
    4 The son of a man's daughter is his: grandpa/grandparent/grandson
    6 A man who is not married is: free/single/double
    7 A person with no siblings is: an only child/a widow/a learner
    3 If children are brothers or sisters, the are siblings/relatives/married

    Exercise 23

    • Doplňte podľa kontextu other, another alebo else.

    10 George is just New Yorker visiting London.
    2 What do people think?
    6 We will find some place.
    5 Let's go somewhere .
    1 Why do you need car?
    4 What things do you like?
    3 What will you need?
    7 Is there anything I can do for you?
    8 I'll come time.
    9 Nobody knows that.

    Koncovka -er sa používa aj na tvorenie názvov obyvateľov istého mesta či miesta. Napr.: Londoner ˈlʌndənə (Londýnčan), New Yorker njuː jɔːkə (Newyorčan), village (dedina) - villager ˈvɪlɪdʒə (dedinčan), island (ostrov) - islander ˈaɪləndə (ostrovan) ap. Nemožno ju však takto použiť vždy! Napr. Parížan je Parisian pəˈrɪzɪən, Riman je Roman ˈrəʊmən ap.

    Exercise 24

    • Preložte.

    5 Mal som veľa práce.
    15 Prídem o pol šiestej.
    1 Kde si včera bol?
    10 Koľko to stojí?
    9 Vyzerá to dobre.
    17 Museli sme čakať.
    6 Ideš s nami?
    2 Mohli by ste mi pomôcť?
    16 Strávili sme týždeň pri mori.
    11 Nepotrebujem to.
    14 Nesmie o tom vedieť.
    13 John tam chodí každý deň.
    8 Kto ti to povedal?
    20 Prezreli sme si pamiatky.
    7 Mal by si jej zavolať.
    3 Chodí do práce autom.
    12 Idem nakupovať.
    4 Prečo si mi to neposlal?
    19 Nebudem môcť prísť.
    18 Nemohol som to nájsť.

    Slovo sightseeing je zloženinou slov sights (pamiatky, pamätihodnosti) a seeing (videnie, pozeranie), teda “prezeranie pamiatok”. Places to visit sú miesta, ktoré sa oplatí navštíviť.