Exercises

Exercise 1

    • Preložte do slovenčiny.

    6 It'll be best to take a taxi.
    18 There's no need to worry.
    12 She never speaks to me.
    10 What time does your plane land?
    7 It was nice meeting you.
    14 She keeps talking about it.
    15 He doesn't care about her.
    8 We met several times.
    5 He tries hard to be the best.
    2 Take a look at this!
    1 What are you watching?
    3 Tell him not to buy it.
    4 She knew nothing about it.
    17 I spent an hour looking for it.
    16 Shall we sit down?
    11 I'll pick you up at the airport.
    13 Let's go shopping!
    9 Is this your first time here?
    20 It feels great!
    19 That sounds interesting.

    Feel je cítiť alebo cítiť sa, ale možno ho použiť aj keď opisujeme, aký pocit niečo vyvoláva. Napr. It feels good. - Je to dobrý pocit., It feels cold. - Chladí to.

    Exercise 2

    • Odpovedzte celou vetou kladne a potom záporne.

    4 Have you got any money?
    9 Could he do it for us?
    2 Does he know?
    7 Do they agree?
    8 Should I tell her?
    10 Am I right?
    3 Can they help us?
    6 Will you be there?
    1 Are you hungry?
    5 Is she coming too?

    Right znamená správny či správne. Možno ho ale tiež použiť v uisťovacích otázkach. Napr. Is that right? - Je to tak? či iba Right? - Že (áno)?

    Exercise 3

    • Tvorte otázky. Pýtajte sa na zvýraznené slová.

    5 It costs twenty dollars.
    9 He goes there twice a week.
    10 We got there at seven.
    4 We'll meet on Wednesday.
    6 Only ten people came there.
    12 It's going to take a week.
    11 He's got no children.
    2 Frank is coming too.
    7 Bob broke his leg last week.
    1 I'm watching the news.
    8 She's afraid of flying.
    3 They're going to arrange it.

    Exercise 4

    • Napíšte po anglicky celými slovami číselné údaje.

    3 246 people
    2 He was 52nd.
    1 on May 1st and 26th
    8 9,756,004
    9 in the year 2015
    12 phone number 670098883
    6 0.05 seconds
    7 35,785
    10 in the 1980s
    5 4.6,000,000
    13 Charles II and Henry VIII
    11 bus number 102
    4 3,500

    V písanej angličtine (hl. v novinách ap.) môžete často v kontexte súm a hodnôt naraziť na skratky K či k pre tisíce (z anglického kilo) a M či m pre milióny million. Napr. They spent $2.5M - “Utratili 2,5 milióna dolárov.”, It cost $15k. - “Stálo to 15 tisíc dolárov.” Podobne sa používa aj skratka B či bn pre miliardy (billion).

    Exercise 5

    • Odpovedzte celou vetou podľa pomôcok.

    11 Were there any problems? lots of
    1 How often does he exercise? 3x a week
    9 What did you drink? only tea
    14 Did you travel by bus? no, hire a car
    2 How many dogs does she have? 2 dogs
    8 Did he cause any problems? no problems
    4 What are we going to do? ask them for help
    3 When did she come back? at 2 a.m.
    7 What did they want? more money
    10 Did you have a good time? great time
    6 When is she coming back? on Friday
    13 When did you see him? last week
    5 How much did it cost? 2000 dollars
    12 What did she tell you? nothing

    Sloveso hire možno v britskej angličtine použiť aj na človeka a vec. V americkej angličtine sa ale hire užíva len na pracovníkov. Na prenájom vecí (požičiavanie za peniaze) sa v USA užíva rent. Napr.: We rented a car. - Požičali sme si auto. ap.

    Exercise 6

    • Tvorte vety opačného významu.

    7 She's got a lot of friends.
    5 She doesn't like travelling.
    10 We'll be able to come.
    9 They could help us.
    4 You should eat less meat.
    2 She should tell them.
    1 He speaks English.
    8 There were more people.
    3 I'm going to tell him.
    6 There's too much water.

    Exercise 7

    • Tvorte oznamovacie vety v prítomnom, budúcom a jednoduchom minulom čase.

    1 he, speak about it
    8 our dog, not eat that
    3 she, send us, messages
    4 we, meet, on the bus
    10 the car, be, not expensive
    9 he, not like the food
    7 we, spend weekends abroad
    5 I, give him, the money
    6 she, sit between us
    2 my parents, know

    Exercise 8

    • Povedzte po anglicky. Využite pomôcky.

    10 To je ale škoda!
    pity
    6 Požiadaj ju, nech príde.
    ask, come
    5 Nehovor mu o tom!
    tell
    2 Poďme ku mne (domov)!
    my place
    8 Nehádajme sa!
    let, argue
    9 Pekne to vonia.
    smell
    1 To znie dobre!
    sound
    3 Nech mi zavolá! (on)
    let, call
    7 To bude omnoho lepšie.
    better
    4 Vyzerá to zaujímavo.
    look

    Exercise 9

    • Upravte vety do času jednoduchého prítomného a jednoduchého minulého.

    5 School is beginning.
    6 He's coming.
    7 She's sleeping late.
    3 It's snowing.
    1 She's feeling good.
    9 He's bringing her flowers.
    4 She's making dinner.
    10 I'm drinking beer.
    2 Bob is trying hard.
    8 I'm writing some e-mails.

    Exercise 10

    • Doplňte 2. alebo 3. stupeň prídavných mien.

    3 He may be fast, but he isn't the in the world.
    5 My idea was bad but his idea is even .
    2 My dog is big, but his dog is even .
    11 He's good at tennis, but I am much .
    7 Jane is so beautiful. She's the girl that I know.
    6 It's such a bad film! I think it's the film of all.
    1 He's tall but he isn't the boy in the family.
    4 That house is expensive, but this house is much .
    8 It's very dangerous. You should be careful.
    12 There were only 9 people last time, but today there are even .
    9 He tried so hard. He really did his .
    10 You didn't try enough. You must try next time.

    Pozor na predložku: be good at ... - byť dobrý v... Napr.: He's good at it. - Ide mu to., Je v tom dobrý., I'm really bad at that. - To mi vôbec nejde. Slovo even sa používa na zdôraznenie ako slovenské ešte alebo dokonca či v zápore ani. Napr. He didn't even say goodbye. - Ani sa nerozlúčil. ap.

    Exercise 11

    • Použite gerundium na vytvorenie vety s rovnakým významom.

    11 She works hard and she enjoys it.
    8 It will be hard to solve.
    9 I dislike it when I have to wait.
    1 He likes to play games.
    6 He hates it when he gets up early.
    5 We love it when we go out.
    10 I hate it when people lie to me.
    12 I can remember that he told her.
    3 Music started to play.
    4 He continued to read.
    2 They love to sing.
    7 It should be easy to repair.

    Exercise 12

    • Preložte. Sústreďte sa na predložky.

    1 She left for work an hour ago.
    4 people aged between 30 and 50
    3 It's just around the corner.
    5 The worst is behind us.
    8 He lives in the flat above me.
    11 You can't take it on the plane.
    6 I'll wait outside the shop.
    2 You are among friends.
    10 I'm ready for anything.
    7 What else do you like besides watching TV?
    13 We are open from 8 a.m. to 6 p.m.
    14 Someone's knocking at the door.
    9 He sits in front of the TV.
    12 Go down this road.

    Zaklopať na niečo je síce po anglicky to knock on, napr. He knocked on the door., ale pokiaľ niekto stojí pri dverách a klope, použije sa bežne aj at the door. Fráza to answer the door potom znamená: (ísť) otvoriť (niekomu, kto klope, zvoní).

    Exercise 13

    • Vyberte správnu predložku.

    6 We often meet at/on/inside the bus or in/on/at the bus stop.
    11 What are you doing in/at/on Friday?
    12 I'll make a reservation in/at/to the Marriott Hotel.
    1 We'll meet at half to/after/past seven in/at/to my place.
    5 She asked me to/at/for it and I gave it for/to/at her.
    13 Meet me on/to/at the airport in/at/on eight o'clock.
    9 My birthday is at/on/in 3rd March.
    3 It's freezing outside. The temperature is under/below/behind zero.
    10 We were at/in/on the seaside not on/in/at the mountains.
    4 There are lots of people at/in/about the streets.
    2 It's (a) quarter to/at/from six.
    8 Walk over/through/by the bridge and then turn left.
    7 She's afraid to/of/about flying.

    Príkaz: Meet me ... možno preložiť ako Stretneme sa... (tam a tam).

    Užitočná fráza: without somebody's knowing - bez niečieho vedomia. Napr.: He did it without my knowing. - Urobil to bez môjho vedomia.

    Exercise 15

    • Spojte súvisiace výroky.

    • 1 Why did Jane leave?
    • 2 Can we go now?
    • 3 Did you tell anybody?
    • 4 Did you speak to Bob?
    • 5 Where did you meet?
    • 6 How often do you go there?
    • 7 Will you come to the party?
    • 8 Did you go on holiday?
    • 9 Does he have any siblings?
    • 10 How much did it cost?
    • g Yes, I spoke to him last week.
    • c She had to go to work.
    • f No, we'll have to wait.
    • a No, I told nobody.
    • d Yes, we went on a road trip.
    • i Usually twice a week.
    • e No, I won't be able to.
    • h It wasn't very expensive.
    • b We met on the bus.
    • j No, he's an only child.

    Road trip rəʊdtrɪp je dlhšia cesta pre zábavu podniknutá hl. autom. Napr.: We went on a road trip around the US. - Obišli sme autom USA.

    Exercise 16

    • Vyberte správne slovo.

    18 Are there any other/another ideas?
    4 I tried it many/much times.
    12 I speak very little/few English.
    1 How many/much will it cost?
    15 He causes too many/much trouble.
    10 How many/much water do you drink every day?
    13 He made much/many mistakes.
    14 There was few/little rain last year.
    17 He should get other/another chance.
    6 That's too much/many money.
    3 There will be many/much people.
    2 He doesn't eat many/much meat.
    7 There were less/fewer people.
    9 It should take only little/few time.
    19 How many/much beers did you have?
    8 I have only little/a few friends.
    5 There wasn't very/much time.
    16 It'll be many/much better.
    11 There are little/few cars in the streets.

    Látkové podstatné mená ako tea, coffee, beer ap., sú síce všeobecne nepočítateľné, ale ak hovoríme o konkrétnych porciách, druhoch ap., ide už o slovo počítateľné. Takže napr.: You drink too much coffee., ale I had too many coffees., podobne I drank too much beer., ale How many beers did you have? ap.

    Exercise 17

    • Preložte pomocou účelového neurčitku.

    10 Musíme sa poponáhľať, aby sme tam boli včas. hurry, in time
    13 Žiadala ma, aby som jej dal ďalšiu šancu. ask, give, chance
    12 Beriem si taxík, aby som neprišiel neskoro. take, taxi, be late
    2 Povedz jej, nech počká. tell, wait
    3 Volám, aby som ti povedal... call, tell
    1 Požiadaj ho, aby mi to poslal. ask, send
    5 Som tu, aby som sa s ňou porozprával. speak to
    11 Zavolám bratovi, aby ma odviezol na letisko. call, take, to the airport
    6 Potrebujem, aby si mi pomohol. need you, help
    7 Povedz im, aby na nás nečakali. tell, wait
    8 Chcem, aby si to urobil hneď. want you, do, right now
    9 Učím sa po anglicky, aby som rozumel cudzincom. learn, understand, foreigner
    4 Aby si mal peniaze, musíš pracovať. work, have money

    By chance znamená náhodou. They met by chance. - Stretli sa náhodou.

    Exercise 18

    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    5 How can he know that if somebody/nobody/everybody told him?
    6 She'll like you more if you leave/quit/let smoking.
    7 If you don't know what to do, ask everybody/somebody/nobody.
    1 If you eat too much, you will be smart/fat/rich.
    4 If it is hot/cold/late, I will wear a coat.
    10 If you're tired, you should have a look/rest/pity.
    13 Don't open the door unless you feel/know/smell the person behind it.
    8 It's early. If you call him now, you'll spend/wake/keep him.
    3 If he's so smart, why isn't he tall/rich/broken?
    2 If you aren't sure, you had/should/shall ask somebody.
    12 If it's expensive/broken/lost, someone should repair it.
    9 If you drink 5 beers, you'll be tall/drunk/broken.
    11 If you don't have a phone, you can use my/me/mine.

    Nezamieňajte anglické feel (cítiť - dotykom, mať pocit) a smell (cítiť čuchom)! Napr.: Can you smell it? - “Cítiš to?”. Sloveso smell of ... je v angličtine všeobecne neutrálne (znamená byť cítiť čím) napr. It smells of petrol. - “Je to cítiť benzínom.”, smell good/nice je voňať a smell bad je páchnuť, smrdieť. V niektorých prípadoch však má už samotné smell negatívny kontext. Napr.: Your feet smell! - “Smrdia ti nohy!”, His breath smells. - “Páchne mu z úst.” ap.

    Exercise 19

    • Doplňte slova: soon, early, late, later, in time

    2 Last time he was late and today he's . He's never on time.
    3 I'm leaving home now. I'll be there .
    4 I have no time now. I'll look at it .
    7 He went to bed late. Don't wake him too .
    10 We agreed to meet at 6 and it's 6:20. You are again!
    8 She lived there in the 1990s. It was around 1992.
    5 He'll call me in an hour, so we should know .
    9 Please let me know as as possible!
    1 He just left for a minute. He should be back .
    6 I hate people being late, so be there .

    Agree with... je súhlasiť s..., ale spojenie: agree on ... alebo tiež agree to (do) ... znamená skôr dohodnúť sa na... (niečom). Agreed! əˈgriːd je po slovensky Platí!, Dohodnuté! či Súhlasím!

    Exercise 20

    • Doplňte podľa kontextu tvary slovesa do alebo make.

    6 Do you any sports?
    1 You are a big mistake!
    7 It doesn't sense. I get it.
    13 We're late but we can still it in time.
    15 Stop fun of me!
    3 She's dinner just now.
    11 I only have 10 dollars. Will it ? - No, it costs 15 dollars.
    8 How much money does he ?
    2 What are you here? Are you waiting for someone?
    12 Who's going to the shopping?
    10 Please sure that you have enough money.
    5 I need to a phone call.
    9 Can you a reservation for me? I'll my best.
    4 You should your homework now.
    14 He it to her happy.

    Všimnite si, ako sa anglické sloveso do spája s podstatnými menami končiacimi na -ing (často gerundiom). Vzniká tak veľa užitočných ustálených spojení ako napr. do the washing up - umyť riad, do the cleaning - upratať, Let me do the talking. - Nechaj hovoriť mňa., I did a lot of thinking. - Veľa som premýšľal. ap.

    Exercise 21

    • Povedzte po anglicky. Použite gerundium, kde je to možné.

    10 Chýba mi život na vidieku. miss, live in the country
    6 Kedy to dopíšeš? finish, write
    4 Skúšaj to ďalej! keep, try
    1 Rád pozeráš televíziu? watch TV
    2 Radšej cestujem vlakom. prefer, travel by train
    3 Je to lepšie než sedieť doma. sit at home
    5 Ona mi stále volá. keep, call, all the time
    8 Mrzí ma, že som to povedal. be sorry for, say that
    7 Vieš si predstaviť, že by si tu zostal? imagine, stay
    9 Nezmienil sa, že pôjde do Londýna. mention, go to London

    Sloveso miss možno po slovensky preložiť ako chýbať, treba ale dávať pozor na obrátenie podmetu a predmetu! Napr.: I miss you. - Chýbaš mi., He misses his friends. - Chýbajú mu jeho priatelia., I'm missing two books. - Chýbajú mi dve knihy. Pozor! Podstatné meno Miss je po slovensky slečna (pred menom ap.).

    Exercise 22

    • Vyberte správne slovo podľa výkladu.

    5 A husband and his wife are: married/widowed/single
    7 A person with no siblings is: an only child/a widow/a learner
    9 If a woman's husband dies, she is: divorced/an orphan/a widow
    2 The mother of your father is your: grandfather/grandmother/daughter
    6 A man who is not married is: free/single/double
    8 A child with no parents is: a widow/an orphan/a sibling
    1 Your mother and father are your: siblings/parents/husbands
    10 If two people were married but they aren't married now, they are: husbands/widowed/divorced
    4 The son of a man's daughter is his: grandpa/grandparent/grandson
    3 If children are brothers or sisters, the are siblings/relatives/married

    Exercise 23

    • Doplňte podľa kontextu other, another alebo else.

    3 What will you need?
    7 Is there anything I can do for you?
    1 Why do you need car?
    9 Nobody knows that.
    6 We will find some place.
    4 What things do you like?
    10 George is just New Yorker visiting London.
    5 Let's go somewhere .
    2 What do people think?
    8 I'll come time.

    Koncovka -er sa používa aj na tvorenie názvov obyvateľov istého mesta či miesta. Napr.: Londoner ˈlʌndənə (Londýnčan), New Yorker njuː jɔːkə (Newyorčan), village (dedina) - villager ˈvɪlɪdʒə (dedinčan), island (ostrov) - islander ˈaɪləndə (ostrovan) ap. Nemožno ju však takto použiť vždy! Napr. Parížan je Parisian pəˈrɪzɪən, Riman je Roman ˈrəʊmən ap.

    Exercise 24

    • Preložte.

    5 Mal som veľa práce.
    2 Mohli by ste mi pomôcť?
    18 Nemohol som to nájsť.
    15 Prídem o pol šiestej.
    9 Vyzerá to dobre.
    3 Chodí do práce autom.
    17 Museli sme čakať.
    11 Nepotrebujem to.
    12 Idem nakupovať.
    10 Koľko to stojí?
    1 Kde si včera bol?
    4 Prečo si mi to neposlal?
    6 Ideš s nami?
    20 Prezreli sme si pamiatky.
    13 John tam chodí každý deň.
    8 Kto ti to povedal?
    14 Nesmie o tom vedieť.
    16 Strávili sme týždeň pri mori.
    7 Mal by si jej zavolať.
    19 Nebudem môcť prísť.

    Slovo sightseeing je zloženinou slov sights (pamiatky, pamätihodnosti) a seeing (videnie, pozeranie), teda “prezeranie pamiatok”. Places to visit sú miesta, ktoré sa oplatí navštíviť.