Exercises

Exercise 1

    • Preložte do slovenčiny.

    7 It was nice meeting you.
    12 She never speaks to me.
    6 It'll be best to take a taxi.
    5 He tries hard to be the best.
    11 I'll pick you up at the airport.
    17 I spent an hour looking for it.
    1 What are you watching?
    18 There's no need to worry.
    2 Take a look at this!
    14 She keeps talking about it.
    9 Is this your first time here?
    20 It feels great!
    16 Shall we sit down?
    13 Let's go shopping!
    4 She knew nothing about it.
    19 That sounds interesting.
    8 We met several times.
    10 What time does your plane land?
    3 Tell him not to buy it.
    15 He doesn't care about her.

    Feel je cítiť alebo cítiť sa, ale možno ho použiť aj keď opisujeme, aký pocit niečo vyvoláva. Napr. It feels good. - Je to dobrý pocit., It feels cold. - Chladí to.

    Exercise 2

    • Odpovedzte celou vetou kladne a potom záporne.

    1 Are you hungry?
    3 Can they help us?
    10 Am I right?
    2 Does he know?
    9 Could he do it for us?
    5 Is she coming too?
    7 Do they agree?
    8 Should I tell her?
    6 Will you be there?
    4 Have you got any money?

    Right znamená správny či správne. Možno ho ale tiež použiť v uisťovacích otázkach. Napr. Is that right? - Je to tak? či iba Right? - Že (áno)?

    Exercise 3

    • Tvorte otázky. Pýtajte sa na zvýraznené slová.

    8 She's afraid of flying.
    3 They're going to arrange it.
    10 We got there at seven.
    9 He goes there twice a week.
    1 I'm watching the news.
    4 We'll meet on Wednesday.
    11 He's got no children.
    12 It's going to take a week.
    2 Frank is coming too.
    5 It costs twenty dollars.
    6 Only ten people came there.
    7 Bob broke his leg last week.

    Exercise 4

    • Napíšte po anglicky celými slovami číselné údaje.

    12 phone number 670098883
    1 on May 1st and 26th
    7 35,785
    6 0.05 seconds
    4 3,500
    8 9,756,004
    3 246 people
    10 in the 1980s
    5 4.6,000,000
    13 Charles II and Henry VIII
    9 in the year 2015
    11 bus number 102
    2 He was 52nd.

    V písanej angličtine (hl. v novinách ap.) môžete často v kontexte súm a hodnôt naraziť na skratky K či k pre tisíce (z anglického kilo) a M či m pre milióny million. Napr. They spent $2.5M - “Utratili 2,5 milióna dolárov.”, It cost $15k. - “Stálo to 15 tisíc dolárov.” Podobne sa používa aj skratka B či bn pre miliardy (billion).

    Exercise 5

    • Odpovedzte celou vetou podľa pomôcok.

    2 How many dogs does she have? 2 dogs
    4 What are we going to do? ask them for help
    8 Did he cause any problems? no problems
    5 How much did it cost? 2000 dollars
    1 How often does he exercise? 3x a week
    6 When is she coming back? on Friday
    3 When did she come back? at 2 a.m.
    11 Were there any problems? lots of
    9 What did you drink? only tea
    13 When did you see him? last week
    7 What did they want? more money
    10 Did you have a good time? great time
    14 Did you travel by bus? no, hire a car
    12 What did she tell you? nothing

    Sloveso hire možno v britskej angličtine použiť aj na človeka a vec. V americkej angličtine sa ale hire užíva len na pracovníkov. Na prenájom vecí (požičiavanie za peniaze) sa v USA užíva rent. Napr.: We rented a car. - Požičali sme si auto. ap.

    Exercise 6

    • Tvorte vety opačného významu.

    9 They could help us.
    2 She should tell them.
    1 He speaks English.
    6 There's too much water.
    4 You should eat less meat.
    7 She's got a lot of friends.
    8 There were more people.
    5 She doesn't like travelling.
    3 I'm going to tell him.
    10 We'll be able to come.

    Exercise 7

    • Tvorte oznamovacie vety v prítomnom, budúcom a jednoduchom minulom čase.

    7 we, spend weekends abroad
    8 our dog, not eat that
    10 the car, be, not expensive
    1 he, speak about it
    6 she, sit between us
    5 I, give him, the money
    2 my parents, know
    9 he, not like the food
    4 we, meet, on the bus
    3 she, send us, messages

    Exercise 8

    • Povedzte po anglicky. Využite pomôcky.

    7 To bude omnoho lepšie.
    better
    9 Pekne to vonia.
    smell
    2 Poďme ku mne (domov)!
    my place
    4 Vyzerá to zaujímavo.
    look
    6 Požiadaj ju, nech príde.
    ask, come
    5 Nehovor mu o tom!
    tell
    3 Nech mi zavolá! (on)
    let, call
    8 Nehádajme sa!
    let, argue
    10 To je ale škoda!
    pity
    1 To znie dobre!
    sound

    Exercise 9

    • Upravte vety do času jednoduchého prítomného a jednoduchého minulého.

    4 She's making dinner.
    2 Bob is trying hard.
    5 School is beginning.
    7 She's sleeping late.
    6 He's coming.
    10 I'm drinking beer.
    8 I'm writing some e-mails.
    9 He's bringing her flowers.
    3 It's snowing.
    1 She's feeling good.

    Exercise 10

    • Doplňte 2. alebo 3. stupeň prídavných mien.

    10 You didn't try enough. You must try next time.
    11 He's good at tennis, but I am much .
    1 He's tall but he isn't the boy in the family.
    4 That house is expensive, but this house is much .
    12 There were only 9 people last time, but today there are even .
    2 My dog is big, but his dog is even .
    8 It's very dangerous. You should be careful.
    6 It's such a bad film! I think it's the film of all.
    3 He may be fast, but he isn't the in the world.
    7 Jane is so beautiful. She's the girl that I know.
    5 My idea was bad but his idea is even .
    9 He tried so hard. He really did his .

    Pozor na predložku: be good at ... - byť dobrý v... Napr.: He's good at it. - Ide mu to., Je v tom dobrý., I'm really bad at that. - To mi vôbec nejde. Slovo even sa používa na zdôraznenie ako slovenské ešte alebo dokonca či v zápore ani. Napr. He didn't even say goodbye. - Ani sa nerozlúčil. ap.

    Exercise 11

    • Použite gerundium na vytvorenie vety s rovnakým významom.

    7 It should be easy to repair.
    6 He hates it when he gets up early.
    1 He likes to play games.
    2 They love to sing.
    11 She works hard and she enjoys it.
    8 It will be hard to solve.
    12 I can remember that he told her.
    3 Music started to play.
    4 He continued to read.
    10 I hate it when people lie to me.
    9 I dislike it when I have to wait.
    5 We love it when we go out.

    Exercise 12

    • Preložte. Sústreďte sa na predložky.

    12 Go down this road.
    3 It's just around the corner.
    1 She left for work an hour ago.
    9 He sits in front of the TV.
    6 I'll wait outside the shop.
    8 He lives in the flat above me.
    11 You can't take it on the plane.
    13 We are open from 8 a.m. to 6 p.m.
    2 You are among friends.
    10 I'm ready for anything.
    7 What else do you like besides watching TV?
    5 The worst is behind us.
    14 Someone's knocking at the door.
    4 people aged between 30 and 50

    Zaklopať na niečo je síce po anglicky to knock on, napr. He knocked on the door., ale pokiaľ niekto stojí pri dverách a klope, použije sa bežne aj at the door. Fráza to answer the door potom znamená: (ísť) otvoriť (niekomu, kto klope, zvoní).

    Exercise 13

    • Vyberte správnu predložku.

    13 Meet me on/to/at the airport in/at/on eight o'clock.
    3 It's freezing outside. The temperature is under/below/behind zero.
    4 There are lots of people at/in/about the streets.
    12 I'll make a reservation in/at/to the Marriott Hotel.
    10 We were at/in/on the seaside not on/in/at the mountains.
    5 She asked me to/at/for it and I gave it for/to/at her.
    1 We'll meet at half to/after/past seven in/at/to my place.
    2 It's (a) quarter to/at/from six.
    11 What are you doing in/at/on Friday?
    9 My birthday is at/on/in 3rd March.
    6 We often meet at/on/inside the bus or in/on/at the bus stop.
    7 She's afraid to/of/about flying.
    8 Walk over/through/by the bridge and then turn left.

    Príkaz: Meet me ... možno preložiť ako Stretneme sa... (tam a tam).

    Užitočná fráza: without somebody's knowing - bez niečieho vedomia. Napr.: He did it without my knowing. - Urobil to bez môjho vedomia.

    Exercise 15

    • Spojte súvisiace výroky.

    • 1 Why did Jane leave?
    • 2 Can we go now?
    • 3 Did you tell anybody?
    • 4 Did you speak to Bob?
    • 5 Where did you meet?
    • 6 How often do you go there?
    • 7 Will you come to the party?
    • 8 Did you go on holiday?
    • 9 Does he have any siblings?
    • 10 How much did it cost?
    • j No, he's an only child.
    • d Yes, we went on a road trip.
    • a No, I told nobody.
    • g Yes, I spoke to him last week.
    • i Usually twice a week.
    • e No, I won't be able to.
    • b We met on the bus.
    • c She had to go to work.
    • f No, we'll have to wait.
    • h It wasn't very expensive.

    Road trip rəʊdtrɪp je dlhšia cesta pre zábavu podniknutá hl. autom. Napr.: We went on a road trip around the US. - Obišli sme autom USA.

    Exercise 16

    • Vyberte správne slovo.

    9 It should take only little/few time.
    10 How many/much water do you drink every day?
    8 I have only little/a few friends.
    7 There were less/fewer people.
    16 It'll be many/much better.
    6 That's too much/many money.
    11 There are little/few cars in the streets.
    1 How many/much will it cost?
    14 There was few/little rain last year.
    15 He causes too many/much trouble.
    17 He should get other/another chance.
    12 I speak very little/few English.
    19 How many/much beers did you have?
    3 There will be many/much people.
    18 Are there any other/another ideas?
    5 There wasn't very/much time.
    2 He doesn't eat many/much meat.
    13 He made much/many mistakes.
    4 I tried it many/much times.

    Látkové podstatné mená ako tea, coffee, beer ap., sú síce všeobecne nepočítateľné, ale ak hovoríme o konkrétnych porciách, druhoch ap., ide už o slovo počítateľné. Takže napr.: You drink too much coffee., ale I had too many coffees., podobne I drank too much beer., ale How many beers did you have? ap.

    Exercise 17

    • Preložte pomocou účelového neurčitku.

    6 Potrebujem, aby si mi pomohol. need you, help
    9 Učím sa po anglicky, aby som rozumel cudzincom. learn, understand, foreigner
    13 Žiadala ma, aby som jej dal ďalšiu šancu. ask, give, chance
    3 Volám, aby som ti povedal... call, tell
    8 Chcem, aby si to urobil hneď. want you, do, right now
    4 Aby si mal peniaze, musíš pracovať. work, have money
    1 Požiadaj ho, aby mi to poslal. ask, send
    11 Zavolám bratovi, aby ma odviezol na letisko. call, take, to the airport
    12 Beriem si taxík, aby som neprišiel neskoro. take, taxi, be late
    5 Som tu, aby som sa s ňou porozprával. speak to
    2 Povedz jej, nech počká. tell, wait
    7 Povedz im, aby na nás nečakali. tell, wait
    10 Musíme sa poponáhľať, aby sme tam boli včas. hurry, in time

    By chance znamená náhodou. They met by chance. - Stretli sa náhodou.

    Exercise 18

    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    8 It's early. If you call him now, you'll spend/wake/keep him.
    13 Don't open the door unless you feel/know/smell the person behind it.
    1 If you eat too much, you will be smart/fat/rich.
    5 How can he know that if somebody/nobody/everybody told him?
    6 She'll like you more if you leave/quit/let smoking.
    4 If it is hot/cold/late, I will wear a coat.
    2 If you aren't sure, you had/should/shall ask somebody.
    9 If you drink 5 beers, you'll be tall/drunk/broken.
    3 If he's so smart, why isn't he tall/rich/broken?
    7 If you don't know what to do, ask everybody/somebody/nobody.
    12 If it's expensive/broken/lost, someone should repair it.
    10 If you're tired, you should have a look/rest/pity.
    11 If you don't have a phone, you can use my/me/mine.

    Nezamieňajte anglické feel (cítiť - dotykom, mať pocit) a smell (cítiť čuchom)! Napr.: Can you smell it? - “Cítiš to?”. Sloveso smell of ... je v angličtine všeobecne neutrálne (znamená byť cítiť čím) napr. It smells of petrol. - “Je to cítiť benzínom.”, smell good/nice je voňať a smell bad je páchnuť, smrdieť. V niektorých prípadoch však má už samotné smell negatívny kontext. Napr.: Your feet smell! - “Smrdia ti nohy!”, His breath smells. - “Páchne mu z úst.” ap.

    Exercise 19

    • Doplňte slova: soon, early, late, later, in time

    8 She lived there in the 1990s. It was around 1992.
    4 I have no time now. I'll look at it .
    6 I hate people being late, so be there .
    5 He'll call me in an hour, so we should know .
    9 Please let me know as as possible!
    10 We agreed to meet at 6 and it's 6:20. You are again!
    7 He went to bed late. Don't wake him too .
    3 I'm leaving home now. I'll be there .
    2 Last time he was late and today he's . He's never on time.
    1 He just left for a minute. He should be back .

    Agree with... je súhlasiť s..., ale spojenie: agree on ... alebo tiež agree to (do) ... znamená skôr dohodnúť sa na... (niečom). Agreed! əˈgriːd je po slovensky Platí!, Dohodnuté! či Súhlasím!

    Exercise 20

    • Doplňte podľa kontextu tvary slovesa do alebo make.

    3 She's dinner just now.
    11 I only have 10 dollars. Will it ? - No, it costs 15 dollars.
    6 Do you any sports?
    14 He it to her happy.
    1 You are a big mistake!
    7 It doesn't sense. I get it.
    9 Can you a reservation for me? I'll my best.
    10 Please sure that you have enough money.
    4 You should your homework now.
    15 Stop fun of me!
    2 What are you here? Are you waiting for someone?
    12 Who's going to the shopping?
    8 How much money does he ?
    13 We're late but we can still it in time.
    5 I need to a phone call.

    Všimnite si, ako sa anglické sloveso do spája s podstatnými menami končiacimi na -ing (často gerundiom). Vzniká tak veľa užitočných ustálených spojení ako napr. do the washing up - umyť riad, do the cleaning - upratať, Let me do the talking. - Nechaj hovoriť mňa., I did a lot of thinking. - Veľa som premýšľal. ap.

    Exercise 21

    • Povedzte po anglicky. Použite gerundium, kde je to možné.

    2 Radšej cestujem vlakom. prefer, travel by train
    4 Skúšaj to ďalej! keep, try
    8 Mrzí ma, že som to povedal. be sorry for, say that
    10 Chýba mi život na vidieku. miss, live in the country
    9 Nezmienil sa, že pôjde do Londýna. mention, go to London
    6 Kedy to dopíšeš? finish, write
    1 Rád pozeráš televíziu? watch TV
    3 Je to lepšie než sedieť doma. sit at home
    5 Ona mi stále volá. keep, call, all the time
    7 Vieš si predstaviť, že by si tu zostal? imagine, stay

    Sloveso miss možno po slovensky preložiť ako chýbať, treba ale dávať pozor na obrátenie podmetu a predmetu! Napr.: I miss you. - Chýbaš mi., He misses his friends. - Chýbajú mu jeho priatelia., I'm missing two books. - Chýbajú mi dve knihy. Pozor! Podstatné meno Miss je po slovensky slečna (pred menom ap.).

    Exercise 22

    • Vyberte správne slovo podľa výkladu.

    6 A man who is not married is: free/single/double
    7 A person with no siblings is: an only child/a widow/a learner
    3 If children are brothers or sisters, the are siblings/relatives/married
    9 If a woman's husband dies, she is: divorced/an orphan/a widow
    8 A child with no parents is: a widow/an orphan/a sibling
    5 A husband and his wife are: married/widowed/single
    10 If two people were married but they aren't married now, they are: husbands/widowed/divorced
    4 The son of a man's daughter is his: grandpa/grandparent/grandson
    1 Your mother and father are your: siblings/parents/husbands
    2 The mother of your father is your: grandfather/grandmother/daughter

    Exercise 23

    • Doplňte podľa kontextu other, another alebo else.

    3 What will you need?
    10 George is just New Yorker visiting London.
    4 What things do you like?
    1 Why do you need car?
    5 Let's go somewhere .
    2 What do people think?
    6 We will find some place.
    8 I'll come time.
    7 Is there anything I can do for you?
    9 Nobody knows that.

    Koncovka -er sa používa aj na tvorenie názvov obyvateľov istého mesta či miesta. Napr.: Londoner ˈlʌndənə (Londýnčan), New Yorker njuː jɔːkə (Newyorčan), village (dedina) - villager ˈvɪlɪdʒə (dedinčan), island (ostrov) - islander ˈaɪləndə (ostrovan) ap. Nemožno ju však takto použiť vždy! Napr. Parížan je Parisian pəˈrɪzɪən, Riman je Roman ˈrəʊmən ap.

    Exercise 24

    • Preložte.

    5 Mal som veľa práce.
    2 Mohli by ste mi pomôcť?
    20 Prezreli sme si pamiatky.
    7 Mal by si jej zavolať.
    13 John tam chodí každý deň.
    11 Nepotrebujem to.
    9 Vyzerá to dobre.
    4 Prečo si mi to neposlal?
    3 Chodí do práce autom.
    16 Strávili sme týždeň pri mori.
    17 Museli sme čakať.
    10 Koľko to stojí?
    1 Kde si včera bol?
    14 Nesmie o tom vedieť.
    8 Kto ti to povedal?
    6 Ideš s nami?
    19 Nebudem môcť prísť.
    15 Prídem o pol šiestej.
    12 Idem nakupovať.
    18 Nemohol som to nájsť.

    Slovo sightseeing je zloženinou slov sights (pamiatky, pamätihodnosti) a seeing (videnie, pozeranie), teda “prezeranie pamiatok”. Places to visit sú miesta, ktoré sa oplatí navštíviť.