Exercises

Exercise 1

    • Preložte do slovenčiny.

    19 That sounds interesting.
    16 Shall we sit down?
    9 Is this your first time here?
    5 He tries hard to be the best.
    12 She never speaks to me.
    7 It was nice meeting you.
    14 She keeps talking about it.
    20 It feels great!
    17 I spent an hour looking for it.
    13 Let's go shopping!
    15 He doesn't care about her.
    10 What time does your plane land?
    1 What are you watching?
    6 It'll be best to take a taxi.
    18 There's no need to worry.
    3 Tell him not to buy it.
    8 We met several times.
    4 She knew nothing about it.
    2 Take a look at this!
    11 I'll pick you up at the airport.

    Feel je cítiť alebo cítiť sa, ale možno ho použiť aj keď opisujeme, aký pocit niečo vyvoláva. Napr. It feels good. - Je to dobrý pocit., It feels cold. - Chladí to.

    Exercise 2

    • Odpovedzte celou vetou kladne a potom záporne.

    9 Could he do it for us?
    5 Is she coming too?
    8 Should I tell her?
    7 Do they agree?
    3 Can they help us?
    10 Am I right?
    2 Does he know?
    1 Are you hungry?
    4 Have you got any money?
    6 Will you be there?

    Right znamená správny či správne. Možno ho ale tiež použiť v uisťovacích otázkach. Napr. Is that right? - Je to tak? či iba Right? - Že (áno)?

    Exercise 3

    • Tvorte otázky. Pýtajte sa na zvýraznené slová.

    5 It costs twenty dollars.
    3 They're going to arrange it.
    12 It's going to take a week.
    8 She's afraid of flying.
    1 I'm watching the news.
    2 Frank is coming too.
    11 He's got no children.
    7 Bob broke his leg last week.
    9 He goes there twice a week.
    6 Only ten people came there.
    10 We got there at seven.
    4 We'll meet on Wednesday.

    Exercise 4

    • Napíšte po anglicky celými slovami číselné údaje.

    9 in the year 2015
    2 He was 52nd.
    8 9,756,004
    4 3,500
    3 246 people
    12 phone number 670098883
    6 0.05 seconds
    13 Charles II and Henry VIII
    11 bus number 102
    7 35,785
    10 in the 1980s
    1 on May 1st and 26th
    5 4.6,000,000

    V písanej angličtine (hl. v novinách ap.) môžete často v kontexte súm a hodnôt naraziť na skratky K či k pre tisíce (z anglického kilo) a M či m pre milióny million. Napr. They spent $2.5M - “Utratili 2,5 milióna dolárov.”, It cost $15k. - “Stálo to 15 tisíc dolárov.” Podobne sa používa aj skratka B či bn pre miliardy (billion).

    Exercise 5

    • Odpovedzte celou vetou podľa pomôcok.

    9 What did you drink? only tea
    14 Did you travel by bus? no, hire a car
    7 What did they want? more money
    12 What did she tell you? nothing
    10 Did you have a good time? great time
    6 When is she coming back? on Friday
    11 Were there any problems? lots of
    1 How often does he exercise? 3x a week
    13 When did you see him? last week
    5 How much did it cost? 2000 dollars
    8 Did he cause any problems? no problems
    2 How many dogs does she have? 2 dogs
    4 What are we going to do? ask them for help
    3 When did she come back? at 2 a.m.

    Sloveso hire možno v britskej angličtine použiť aj na človeka a vec. V americkej angličtine sa ale hire užíva len na pracovníkov. Na prenájom vecí (požičiavanie za peniaze) sa v USA užíva rent. Napr.: We rented a car. - Požičali sme si auto. ap.

    Exercise 6

    • Tvorte vety opačného významu.

    1 He speaks English.
    8 There were more people.
    10 We'll be able to come.
    7 She's got a lot of friends.
    3 I'm going to tell him.
    6 There's too much water.
    9 They could help us.
    2 She should tell them.
    5 She doesn't like travelling.
    4 You should eat less meat.

    Exercise 7

    • Tvorte oznamovacie vety v prítomnom, budúcom a jednoduchom minulom čase.

    1 he, speak about it
    3 she, send us, messages
    6 she, sit between us
    4 we, meet, on the bus
    2 my parents, know
    10 the car, be, not expensive
    7 we, spend weekends abroad
    8 our dog, not eat that
    9 he, not like the food
    5 I, give him, the money

    Exercise 8

    • Povedzte po anglicky. Využite pomôcky.

    4 Vyzerá to zaujímavo.
    look
    10 To je ale škoda!
    pity
    3 Nech mi zavolá! (on)
    let, call
    8 Nehádajme sa!
    let, argue
    5 Nehovor mu o tom!
    tell
    1 To znie dobre!
    sound
    9 Pekne to vonia.
    smell
    7 To bude omnoho lepšie.
    better
    6 Požiadaj ju, nech príde.
    ask, come
    2 Poďme ku mne (domov)!
    my place

    Exercise 9

    • Upravte vety do času jednoduchého prítomného a jednoduchého minulého.

    7 She's sleeping late.
    3 It's snowing.
    1 She's feeling good.
    5 School is beginning.
    2 Bob is trying hard.
    9 He's bringing her flowers.
    6 He's coming.
    10 I'm drinking beer.
    8 I'm writing some e-mails.
    4 She's making dinner.

    Exercise 10

    • Doplňte 2. alebo 3. stupeň prídavných mien.

    7 Jane is so beautiful. She's the girl that I know.
    4 That house is expensive, but this house is much .
    10 You didn't try enough. You must try next time.
    2 My dog is big, but his dog is even .
    1 He's tall but he isn't the boy in the family.
    3 He may be fast, but he isn't the in the world.
    8 It's very dangerous. You should be careful.
    11 He's good at tennis, but I am much .
    12 There were only 9 people last time, but today there are even .
    9 He tried so hard. He really did his .
    5 My idea was bad but his idea is even .
    6 It's such a bad film! I think it's the film of all.

    Pozor na predložku: be good at ... - byť dobrý v... Napr.: He's good at it. - Ide mu to., Je v tom dobrý., I'm really bad at that. - To mi vôbec nejde. Slovo even sa používa na zdôraznenie ako slovenské ešte alebo dokonca či v zápore ani. Napr. He didn't even say goodbye. - Ani sa nerozlúčil. ap.

    Exercise 11

    • Použite gerundium na vytvorenie vety s rovnakým významom.

    9 I dislike it when I have to wait.
    3 Music started to play.
    11 She works hard and she enjoys it.
    2 They love to sing.
    7 It should be easy to repair.
    1 He likes to play games.
    12 I can remember that he told her.
    6 He hates it when he gets up early.
    8 It will be hard to solve.
    5 We love it when we go out.
    4 He continued to read.
    10 I hate it when people lie to me.

    Exercise 12

    • Preložte. Sústreďte sa na predložky.

    2 You are among friends.
    9 He sits in front of the TV.
    1 She left for work an hour ago.
    5 The worst is behind us.
    7 What else do you like besides watching TV?
    14 Someone's knocking at the door.
    6 I'll wait outside the shop.
    10 I'm ready for anything.
    4 people aged between 30 and 50
    12 Go down this road.
    13 We are open from 8 a.m. to 6 p.m.
    11 You can't take it on the plane.
    8 He lives in the flat above me.
    3 It's just around the corner.

    Zaklopať na niečo je síce po anglicky to knock on, napr. He knocked on the door., ale pokiaľ niekto stojí pri dverách a klope, použije sa bežne aj at the door. Fráza to answer the door potom znamená: (ísť) otvoriť (niekomu, kto klope, zvoní).

    Exercise 13

    • Vyberte správnu predložku.

    7 She's afraid to/of/about flying.
    11 What are you doing in/at/on Friday?
    1 We'll meet at half to/after/past seven in/at/to my place.
    5 She asked me to/at/for it and I gave it for/to/at her.
    6 We often meet at/on/inside the bus or in/on/at the bus stop.
    10 We were at/in/on the seaside not on/in/at the mountains.
    3 It's freezing outside. The temperature is under/below/behind zero.
    9 My birthday is at/on/in 3rd March.
    12 I'll make a reservation in/at/to the Marriott Hotel.
    4 There are lots of people at/in/about the streets.
    2 It's (a) quarter to/at/from six.
    8 Walk over/through/by the bridge and then turn left.
    13 Meet me on/to/at the airport in/at/on eight o'clock.

    Príkaz: Meet me ... možno preložiť ako Stretneme sa... (tam a tam).

    Užitočná fráza: without somebody's knowing - bez niečieho vedomia. Napr.: He did it without my knowing. - Urobil to bez môjho vedomia.

    Exercise 15

    • Spojte súvisiace výroky.

    • 1 Why did Jane leave?
    • 2 Can we go now?
    • 3 Did you tell anybody?
    • 4 Did you speak to Bob?
    • 5 Where did you meet?
    • 6 How often do you go there?
    • 7 Will you come to the party?
    • 8 Did you go on holiday?
    • 9 Does he have any siblings?
    • 10 How much did it cost?
    • i Usually twice a week.
    • a No, I told nobody.
    • f No, we'll have to wait.
    • h It wasn't very expensive.
    • g Yes, I spoke to him last week.
    • b We met on the bus.
    • j No, he's an only child.
    • e No, I won't be able to.
    • c She had to go to work.
    • d Yes, we went on a road trip.

    Road trip rəʊdtrɪp je dlhšia cesta pre zábavu podniknutá hl. autom. Napr.: We went on a road trip around the US. - Obišli sme autom USA.

    Exercise 16

    • Vyberte správne slovo.

    11 There are little/few cars in the streets.
    10 How many/much water do you drink every day?
    12 I speak very little/few English.
    7 There were less/fewer people.
    9 It should take only little/few time.
    5 There wasn't very/much time.
    4 I tried it many/much times.
    13 He made much/many mistakes.
    3 There will be many/much people.
    16 It'll be many/much better.
    6 That's too much/many money.
    15 He causes too many/much trouble.
    19 How many/much beers did you have?
    2 He doesn't eat many/much meat.
    8 I have only little/a few friends.
    17 He should get other/another chance.
    14 There was few/little rain last year.
    18 Are there any other/another ideas?
    1 How many/much will it cost?

    Látkové podstatné mená ako tea, coffee, beer ap., sú síce všeobecne nepočítateľné, ale ak hovoríme o konkrétnych porciách, druhoch ap., ide už o slovo počítateľné. Takže napr.: You drink too much coffee., ale I had too many coffees., podobne I drank too much beer., ale How many beers did you have? ap.

    Exercise 17

    • Preložte pomocou účelového neurčitku.

    9 Učím sa po anglicky, aby som rozumel cudzincom. learn, understand, foreigner
    12 Beriem si taxík, aby som neprišiel neskoro. take, taxi, be late
    7 Povedz im, aby na nás nečakali. tell, wait
    6 Potrebujem, aby si mi pomohol. need you, help
    4 Aby si mal peniaze, musíš pracovať. work, have money
    8 Chcem, aby si to urobil hneď. want you, do, right now
    1 Požiadaj ho, aby mi to poslal. ask, send
    5 Som tu, aby som sa s ňou porozprával. speak to
    11 Zavolám bratovi, aby ma odviezol na letisko. call, take, to the airport
    10 Musíme sa poponáhľať, aby sme tam boli včas. hurry, in time
    3 Volám, aby som ti povedal... call, tell
    13 Žiadala ma, aby som jej dal ďalšiu šancu. ask, give, chance
    2 Povedz jej, nech počká. tell, wait

    By chance znamená náhodou. They met by chance. - Stretli sa náhodou.

    Exercise 18

    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    6 She'll like you more if you leave/quit/let smoking.
    10 If you're tired, you should have a look/rest/pity.
    3 If he's so smart, why isn't he tall/rich/broken?
    13 Don't open the door unless you feel/know/smell the person behind it.
    4 If it is hot/cold/late, I will wear a coat.
    8 It's early. If you call him now, you'll spend/wake/keep him.
    12 If it's expensive/broken/lost, someone should repair it.
    7 If you don't know what to do, ask everybody/somebody/nobody.
    5 How can he know that if somebody/nobody/everybody told him?
    11 If you don't have a phone, you can use my/me/mine.
    1 If you eat too much, you will be smart/fat/rich.
    9 If you drink 5 beers, you'll be tall/drunk/broken.
    2 If you aren't sure, you had/should/shall ask somebody.

    Nezamieňajte anglické feel (cítiť - dotykom, mať pocit) a smell (cítiť čuchom)! Napr.: Can you smell it? - “Cítiš to?”. Sloveso smell of ... je v angličtine všeobecne neutrálne (znamená byť cítiť čím) napr. It smells of petrol. - “Je to cítiť benzínom.”, smell good/nice je voňať a smell bad je páchnuť, smrdieť. V niektorých prípadoch však má už samotné smell negatívny kontext. Napr.: Your feet smell! - “Smrdia ti nohy!”, His breath smells. - “Páchne mu z úst.” ap.

    Exercise 19

    • Doplňte slova: soon, early, late, later, in time

    9 Please let me know as as possible!
    8 She lived there in the 1990s. It was around 1992.
    2 Last time he was late and today he's . He's never on time.
    6 I hate people being late, so be there .
    5 He'll call me in an hour, so we should know .
    1 He just left for a minute. He should be back .
    10 We agreed to meet at 6 and it's 6:20. You are again!
    7 He went to bed late. Don't wake him too .
    3 I'm leaving home now. I'll be there .
    4 I have no time now. I'll look at it .

    Agree with... je súhlasiť s..., ale spojenie: agree on ... alebo tiež agree to (do) ... znamená skôr dohodnúť sa na... (niečom). Agreed! əˈgriːd je po slovensky Platí!, Dohodnuté! či Súhlasím!

    Exercise 20

    • Doplňte podľa kontextu tvary slovesa do alebo make.

    5 I need to a phone call.
    2 What are you here? Are you waiting for someone?
    8 How much money does he ?
    1 You are a big mistake!
    15 Stop fun of me!
    12 Who's going to the shopping?
    4 You should your homework now.
    11 I only have 10 dollars. Will it ? - No, it costs 15 dollars.
    14 He it to her happy.
    9 Can you a reservation for me? I'll my best.
    10 Please sure that you have enough money.
    7 It doesn't sense. I get it.
    3 She's dinner just now.
    6 Do you any sports?
    13 We're late but we can still it in time.

    Všimnite si, ako sa anglické sloveso do spája s podstatnými menami končiacimi na -ing (často gerundiom). Vzniká tak veľa užitočných ustálených spojení ako napr. do the washing up - umyť riad, do the cleaning - upratať, Let me do the talking. - Nechaj hovoriť mňa., I did a lot of thinking. - Veľa som premýšľal. ap.

    Exercise 21

    • Povedzte po anglicky. Použite gerundium, kde je to možné.

    3 Je to lepšie než sedieť doma. sit at home
    1 Rád pozeráš televíziu? watch TV
    10 Chýba mi život na vidieku. miss, live in the country
    7 Vieš si predstaviť, že by si tu zostal? imagine, stay
    9 Nezmienil sa, že pôjde do Londýna. mention, go to London
    2 Radšej cestujem vlakom. prefer, travel by train
    6 Kedy to dopíšeš? finish, write
    4 Skúšaj to ďalej! keep, try
    5 Ona mi stále volá. keep, call, all the time
    8 Mrzí ma, že som to povedal. be sorry for, say that

    Sloveso miss možno po slovensky preložiť ako chýbať, treba ale dávať pozor na obrátenie podmetu a predmetu! Napr.: I miss you. - Chýbaš mi., He misses his friends. - Chýbajú mu jeho priatelia., I'm missing two books. - Chýbajú mi dve knihy. Pozor! Podstatné meno Miss je po slovensky slečna (pred menom ap.).

    Exercise 22

    • Vyberte správne slovo podľa výkladu.

    9 If a woman's husband dies, she is: divorced/an orphan/a widow
    6 A man who is not married is: free/single/double
    3 If children are brothers or sisters, the are siblings/relatives/married
    2 The mother of your father is your: grandfather/grandmother/daughter
    8 A child with no parents is: a widow/an orphan/a sibling
    1 Your mother and father are your: siblings/parents/husbands
    7 A person with no siblings is: an only child/a widow/a learner
    10 If two people were married but they aren't married now, they are: husbands/widowed/divorced
    4 The son of a man's daughter is his: grandpa/grandparent/grandson
    5 A husband and his wife are: married/widowed/single

    Exercise 23

    • Doplňte podľa kontextu other, another alebo else.

    5 Let's go somewhere .
    2 What do people think?
    1 Why do you need car?
    8 I'll come time.
    7 Is there anything I can do for you?
    4 What things do you like?
    3 What will you need?
    6 We will find some place.
    9 Nobody knows that.
    10 George is just New Yorker visiting London.

    Koncovka -er sa používa aj na tvorenie názvov obyvateľov istého mesta či miesta. Napr.: Londoner ˈlʌndənə (Londýnčan), New Yorker njuː jɔːkə (Newyorčan), village (dedina) - villager ˈvɪlɪdʒə (dedinčan), island (ostrov) - islander ˈaɪləndə (ostrovan) ap. Nemožno ju však takto použiť vždy! Napr. Parížan je Parisian pəˈrɪzɪən, Riman je Roman ˈrəʊmən ap.

    Exercise 24

    • Preložte.

    20 Prezreli sme si pamiatky.
    18 Nemohol som to nájsť.
    3 Chodí do práce autom.
    19 Nebudem môcť prísť.
    8 Kto ti to povedal?
    7 Mal by si jej zavolať.
    10 Koľko to stojí?
    5 Mal som veľa práce.
    9 Vyzerá to dobre.
    12 Idem nakupovať.
    11 Nepotrebujem to.
    2 Mohli by ste mi pomôcť?
    17 Museli sme čakať.
    15 Prídem o pol šiestej.
    6 Ideš s nami?
    4 Prečo si mi to neposlal?
    16 Strávili sme týždeň pri mori.
    14 Nesmie o tom vedieť.
    1 Kde si včera bol?
    13 John tam chodí každý deň.

    Slovo sightseeing je zloženinou slov sights (pamiatky, pamätihodnosti) a seeing (videnie, pozeranie), teda “prezeranie pamiatok”. Places to visit sú miesta, ktoré sa oplatí navštíviť.