Exercises

Exercise 1

    • Preložte do slovenčiny.

    7 It was nice meeting you.
    2 Take a look at this!
    17 I spent an hour looking for it.
    1 What are you watching?
    11 I'll pick you up at the airport.
    12 She never speaks to me.
    16 Shall we sit down?
    4 She knew nothing about it.
    20 It feels great!
    8 We met several times.
    14 She keeps talking about it.
    10 What time does your plane land?
    9 Is this your first time here?
    13 Let's go shopping!
    5 He tries hard to be the best.
    19 That sounds interesting.
    15 He doesn't care about her.
    18 There's no need to worry.
    6 It'll be best to take a taxi.
    3 Tell him not to buy it.

    Feel je cítiť alebo cítiť sa, ale možno ho použiť aj keď opisujeme, aký pocit niečo vyvoláva. Napr. It feels good. - Je to dobrý pocit., It feels cold. - Chladí to.

    Exercise 2

    • Odpovedzte celou vetou kladne a potom záporne.

    7 Do they agree?
    6 Will you be there?
    10 Am I right?
    9 Could he do it for us?
    4 Have you got any money?
    5 Is she coming too?
    1 Are you hungry?
    2 Does he know?
    8 Should I tell her?
    3 Can they help us?

    Right znamená správny či správne. Možno ho ale tiež použiť v uisťovacích otázkach. Napr. Is that right? - Je to tak? či iba Right? - Že (áno)?

    Exercise 3

    • Tvorte otázky. Pýtajte sa na zvýraznené slová.

    12 It's going to take a week.
    6 Only ten people came there.
    11 He's got no children.
    5 It costs twenty dollars.
    9 He goes there twice a week.
    1 I'm watching the news.
    7 Bob broke his leg last week.
    8 She's afraid of flying.
    10 We got there at seven.
    4 We'll meet on Wednesday.
    2 Frank is coming too.
    3 They're going to arrange it.

    Exercise 4

    • Napíšte po anglicky celými slovami číselné údaje.

    13 Charles II and Henry VIII
    12 phone number 670098883
    7 35,785
    1 on May 1st and 26th
    10 in the 1980s
    6 0.05 seconds
    3 246 people
    5 4.6,000,000
    8 9,756,004
    9 in the year 2015
    11 bus number 102
    2 He was 52nd.
    4 3,500

    V písanej angličtine (hl. v novinách ap.) môžete často v kontexte súm a hodnôt naraziť na skratky K či k pre tisíce (z anglického kilo) a M či m pre milióny million. Napr. They spent $2.5M - “Utratili 2,5 milióna dolárov.”, It cost $15k. - “Stálo to 15 tisíc dolárov.” Podobne sa používa aj skratka B či bn pre miliardy (billion).

    Exercise 5

    • Odpovedzte celou vetou podľa pomôcok.

    3 When did she come back? at 2 a.m.
    12 What did she tell you? nothing
    1 How often does he exercise? 3x a week
    5 How much did it cost? 2000 dollars
    9 What did you drink? only tea
    11 Were there any problems? lots of
    2 How many dogs does she have? 2 dogs
    10 Did you have a good time? great time
    6 When is she coming back? on Friday
    7 What did they want? more money
    4 What are we going to do? ask them for help
    14 Did you travel by bus? no, hire a car
    13 When did you see him? last week
    8 Did he cause any problems? no problems

    Sloveso hire možno v britskej angličtine použiť aj na človeka a vec. V americkej angličtine sa ale hire užíva len na pracovníkov. Na prenájom vecí (požičiavanie za peniaze) sa v USA užíva rent. Napr.: We rented a car. - Požičali sme si auto. ap.

    Exercise 6

    • Tvorte vety opačného významu.

    4 You should eat less meat.
    6 There's too much water.
    9 They could help us.
    3 I'm going to tell him.
    7 She's got a lot of friends.
    5 She doesn't like travelling.
    8 There were more people.
    10 We'll be able to come.
    2 She should tell them.
    1 He speaks English.

    Exercise 7

    • Tvorte oznamovacie vety v prítomnom, budúcom a jednoduchom minulom čase.

    2 my parents, know
    1 he, speak about it
    10 the car, be, not expensive
    8 our dog, not eat that
    5 I, give him, the money
    4 we, meet, on the bus
    7 we, spend weekends abroad
    9 he, not like the food
    6 she, sit between us
    3 she, send us, messages

    Exercise 8

    • Povedzte po anglicky. Využite pomôcky.

    6 Požiadaj ju, nech príde.
    ask, come
    4 Vyzerá to zaujímavo.
    look
    1 To znie dobre!
    sound
    2 Poďme ku mne (domov)!
    my place
    5 Nehovor mu o tom!
    tell
    7 To bude omnoho lepšie.
    better
    9 Pekne to vonia.
    smell
    8 Nehádajme sa!
    let, argue
    10 To je ale škoda!
    pity
    3 Nech mi zavolá! (on)
    let, call

    Exercise 9

    • Upravte vety do času jednoduchého prítomného a jednoduchého minulého.

    4 She's making dinner.
    1 She's feeling good.
    3 It's snowing.
    8 I'm writing some e-mails.
    7 She's sleeping late.
    9 He's bringing her flowers.
    5 School is beginning.
    2 Bob is trying hard.
    10 I'm drinking beer.
    6 He's coming.

    Exercise 10

    • Doplňte 2. alebo 3. stupeň prídavných mien.

    5 My idea was bad but his idea is even .
    2 My dog is big, but his dog is even .
    11 He's good at tennis, but I am much .
    10 You didn't try enough. You must try next time.
    12 There were only 9 people last time, but today there are even .
    6 It's such a bad film! I think it's the film of all.
    8 It's very dangerous. You should be careful.
    7 Jane is so beautiful. She's the girl that I know.
    3 He may be fast, but he isn't the in the world.
    9 He tried so hard. He really did his .
    1 He's tall but he isn't the boy in the family.
    4 That house is expensive, but this house is much .

    Pozor na predložku: be good at ... - byť dobrý v... Napr.: He's good at it. - Ide mu to., Je v tom dobrý., I'm really bad at that. - To mi vôbec nejde. Slovo even sa používa na zdôraznenie ako slovenské ešte alebo dokonca či v zápore ani. Napr. He didn't even say goodbye. - Ani sa nerozlúčil. ap.

    Exercise 11

    • Použite gerundium na vytvorenie vety s rovnakým významom.

    5 We love it when we go out.
    7 It should be easy to repair.
    1 He likes to play games.
    2 They love to sing.
    6 He hates it when he gets up early.
    9 I dislike it when I have to wait.
    4 He continued to read.
    12 I can remember that he told her.
    3 Music started to play.
    11 She works hard and she enjoys it.
    10 I hate it when people lie to me.
    8 It will be hard to solve.

    Exercise 12

    • Preložte. Sústreďte sa na predložky.

    12 Go down this road.
    2 You are among friends.
    13 We are open from 8 a.m. to 6 p.m.
    7 What else do you like besides watching TV?
    6 I'll wait outside the shop.
    1 She left for work an hour ago.
    9 He sits in front of the TV.
    5 The worst is behind us.
    8 He lives in the flat above me.
    3 It's just around the corner.
    10 I'm ready for anything.
    11 You can't take it on the plane.
    14 Someone's knocking at the door.
    4 people aged between 30 and 50

    Zaklopať na niečo je síce po anglicky to knock on, napr. He knocked on the door., ale pokiaľ niekto stojí pri dverách a klope, použije sa bežne aj at the door. Fráza to answer the door potom znamená: (ísť) otvoriť (niekomu, kto klope, zvoní).

    Exercise 13

    • Vyberte správnu predložku.

    10 We were at/in/on the seaside not on/in/at the mountains.
    8 Walk over/through/by the bridge and then turn left.
    7 She's afraid to/of/about flying.
    4 There are lots of people at/in/about the streets.
    5 She asked me to/at/for it and I gave it for/to/at her.
    1 We'll meet at half to/after/past seven in/at/to my place.
    3 It's freezing outside. The temperature is under/below/behind zero.
    6 We often meet at/on/inside the bus or in/on/at the bus stop.
    12 I'll make a reservation in/at/to the Marriott Hotel.
    11 What are you doing in/at/on Friday?
    13 Meet me on/to/at the airport in/at/on eight o'clock.
    9 My birthday is at/on/in 3rd March.
    2 It's (a) quarter to/at/from six.

    Príkaz: Meet me ... možno preložiť ako Stretneme sa... (tam a tam).

    Užitočná fráza: without somebody's knowing - bez niečieho vedomia. Napr.: He did it without my knowing. - Urobil to bez môjho vedomia.

    Exercise 15

    • Spojte súvisiace výroky.

    • 1 Why did Jane leave?
    • 2 Can we go now?
    • 3 Did you tell anybody?
    • 4 Did you speak to Bob?
    • 5 Where did you meet?
    • 6 How often do you go there?
    • 7 Will you come to the party?
    • 8 Did you go on holiday?
    • 9 Does he have any siblings?
    • 10 How much did it cost?
    • f No, we'll have to wait.
    • g Yes, I spoke to him last week.
    • h It wasn't very expensive.
    • i Usually twice a week.
    • b We met on the bus.
    • d Yes, we went on a road trip.
    • c She had to go to work.
    • j No, he's an only child.
    • e No, I won't be able to.
    • a No, I told nobody.

    Road trip rəʊdtrɪp je dlhšia cesta pre zábavu podniknutá hl. autom. Napr.: We went on a road trip around the US. - Obišli sme autom USA.

    Exercise 16

    • Vyberte správne slovo.

    11 There are little/few cars in the streets.
    5 There wasn't very/much time.
    15 He causes too many/much trouble.
    7 There were less/fewer people.
    3 There will be many/much people.
    8 I have only little/a few friends.
    4 I tried it many/much times.
    16 It'll be many/much better.
    18 Are there any other/another ideas?
    14 There was few/little rain last year.
    19 How many/much beers did you have?
    1 How many/much will it cost?
    6 That's too much/many money.
    17 He should get other/another chance.
    10 How many/much water do you drink every day?
    12 I speak very little/few English.
    9 It should take only little/few time.
    2 He doesn't eat many/much meat.
    13 He made much/many mistakes.

    Látkové podstatné mená ako tea, coffee, beer ap., sú síce všeobecne nepočítateľné, ale ak hovoríme o konkrétnych porciách, druhoch ap., ide už o slovo počítateľné. Takže napr.: You drink too much coffee., ale I had too many coffees., podobne I drank too much beer., ale How many beers did you have? ap.

    Exercise 17

    • Preložte pomocou účelového neurčitku.

    12 Beriem si taxík, aby som neprišiel neskoro. take, taxi, be late
    11 Zavolám bratovi, aby ma odviezol na letisko. call, take, to the airport
    13 Žiadala ma, aby som jej dal ďalšiu šancu. ask, give, chance
    1 Požiadaj ho, aby mi to poslal. ask, send
    9 Učím sa po anglicky, aby som rozumel cudzincom. learn, understand, foreigner
    5 Som tu, aby som sa s ňou porozprával. speak to
    7 Povedz im, aby na nás nečakali. tell, wait
    8 Chcem, aby si to urobil hneď. want you, do, right now
    3 Volám, aby som ti povedal... call, tell
    4 Aby si mal peniaze, musíš pracovať. work, have money
    6 Potrebujem, aby si mi pomohol. need you, help
    10 Musíme sa poponáhľať, aby sme tam boli včas. hurry, in time
    2 Povedz jej, nech počká. tell, wait

    By chance znamená náhodou. They met by chance. - Stretli sa náhodou.

    Exercise 18

    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    1 If you eat too much, you will be smart/fat/rich.
    8 It's early. If you call him now, you'll spend/wake/keep him.
    7 If you don't know what to do, ask everybody/somebody/nobody.
    9 If you drink 5 beers, you'll be tall/drunk/broken.
    5 How can he know that if somebody/nobody/everybody told him?
    12 If it's expensive/broken/lost, someone should repair it.
    6 She'll like you more if you leave/quit/let smoking.
    13 Don't open the door unless you feel/know/smell the person behind it.
    2 If you aren't sure, you had/should/shall ask somebody.
    11 If you don't have a phone, you can use my/me/mine.
    3 If he's so smart, why isn't he tall/rich/broken?
    10 If you're tired, you should have a look/rest/pity.
    4 If it is hot/cold/late, I will wear a coat.

    Nezamieňajte anglické feel (cítiť - dotykom, mať pocit) a smell (cítiť čuchom)! Napr.: Can you smell it? - “Cítiš to?”. Sloveso smell of ... je v angličtine všeobecne neutrálne (znamená byť cítiť čím) napr. It smells of petrol. - “Je to cítiť benzínom.”, smell good/nice je voňať a smell bad je páchnuť, smrdieť. V niektorých prípadoch však má už samotné smell negatívny kontext. Napr.: Your feet smell! - “Smrdia ti nohy!”, His breath smells. - “Páchne mu z úst.” ap.

    Exercise 19

    • Doplňte slova: soon, early, late, later, in time

    10 We agreed to meet at 6 and it's 6:20. You are again!
    4 I have no time now. I'll look at it .
    8 She lived there in the 1990s. It was around 1992.
    5 He'll call me in an hour, so we should know .
    1 He just left for a minute. He should be back .
    7 He went to bed late. Don't wake him too .
    3 I'm leaving home now. I'll be there .
    9 Please let me know as as possible!
    6 I hate people being late, so be there .
    2 Last time he was late and today he's . He's never on time.

    Agree with... je súhlasiť s..., ale spojenie: agree on ... alebo tiež agree to (do) ... znamená skôr dohodnúť sa na... (niečom). Agreed! əˈgriːd je po slovensky Platí!, Dohodnuté! či Súhlasím!

    Exercise 20

    • Doplňte podľa kontextu tvary slovesa do alebo make.

    2 What are you here? Are you waiting for someone?
    13 We're late but we can still it in time.
    6 Do you any sports?
    9 Can you a reservation for me? I'll my best.
    12 Who's going to the shopping?
    7 It doesn't sense. I get it.
    11 I only have 10 dollars. Will it ? - No, it costs 15 dollars.
    4 You should your homework now.
    3 She's dinner just now.
    1 You are a big mistake!
    14 He it to her happy.
    10 Please sure that you have enough money.
    5 I need to a phone call.
    15 Stop fun of me!
    8 How much money does he ?

    Všimnite si, ako sa anglické sloveso do spája s podstatnými menami končiacimi na -ing (často gerundiom). Vzniká tak veľa užitočných ustálených spojení ako napr. do the washing up - umyť riad, do the cleaning - upratať, Let me do the talking. - Nechaj hovoriť mňa., I did a lot of thinking. - Veľa som premýšľal. ap.

    Exercise 21

    • Povedzte po anglicky. Použite gerundium, kde je to možné.

    10 Chýba mi život na vidieku. miss, live in the country
    8 Mrzí ma, že som to povedal. be sorry for, say that
    2 Radšej cestujem vlakom. prefer, travel by train
    6 Kedy to dopíšeš? finish, write
    5 Ona mi stále volá. keep, call, all the time
    1 Rád pozeráš televíziu? watch TV
    9 Nezmienil sa, že pôjde do Londýna. mention, go to London
    3 Je to lepšie než sedieť doma. sit at home
    7 Vieš si predstaviť, že by si tu zostal? imagine, stay
    4 Skúšaj to ďalej! keep, try

    Sloveso miss možno po slovensky preložiť ako chýbať, treba ale dávať pozor na obrátenie podmetu a predmetu! Napr.: I miss you. - Chýbaš mi., He misses his friends. - Chýbajú mu jeho priatelia., I'm missing two books. - Chýbajú mi dve knihy. Pozor! Podstatné meno Miss je po slovensky slečna (pred menom ap.).

    Exercise 22

    • Vyberte správne slovo podľa výkladu.

    6 A man who is not married is: free/single/double
    1 Your mother and father are your: siblings/parents/husbands
    10 If two people were married but they aren't married now, they are: husbands/widowed/divorced
    5 A husband and his wife are: married/widowed/single
    8 A child with no parents is: a widow/an orphan/a sibling
    7 A person with no siblings is: an only child/a widow/a learner
    2 The mother of your father is your: grandfather/grandmother/daughter
    4 The son of a man's daughter is his: grandpa/grandparent/grandson
    9 If a woman's husband dies, she is: divorced/an orphan/a widow
    3 If children are brothers or sisters, the are siblings/relatives/married

    Exercise 23

    • Doplňte podľa kontextu other, another alebo else.

    1 Why do you need car?
    4 What things do you like?
    8 I'll come time.
    6 We will find some place.
    5 Let's go somewhere .
    10 George is just New Yorker visiting London.
    7 Is there anything I can do for you?
    3 What will you need?
    2 What do people think?
    9 Nobody knows that.

    Koncovka -er sa používa aj na tvorenie názvov obyvateľov istého mesta či miesta. Napr.: Londoner ˈlʌndənə (Londýnčan), New Yorker njuː jɔːkə (Newyorčan), village (dedina) - villager ˈvɪlɪdʒə (dedinčan), island (ostrov) - islander ˈaɪləndə (ostrovan) ap. Nemožno ju však takto použiť vždy! Napr. Parížan je Parisian pəˈrɪzɪən, Riman je Roman ˈrəʊmən ap.

    Exercise 24

    • Preložte.

    17 Museli sme čakať.
    20 Prezreli sme si pamiatky.
    12 Idem nakupovať.
    16 Strávili sme týždeň pri mori.
    11 Nepotrebujem to.
    1 Kde si včera bol?
    5 Mal som veľa práce.
    10 Koľko to stojí?
    19 Nebudem môcť prísť.
    18 Nemohol som to nájsť.
    14 Nesmie o tom vedieť.
    3 Chodí do práce autom.
    6 Ideš s nami?
    9 Vyzerá to dobre.
    7 Mal by si jej zavolať.
    8 Kto ti to povedal?
    4 Prečo si mi to neposlal?
    2 Mohli by ste mi pomôcť?
    13 John tam chodí každý deň.
    15 Prídem o pol šiestej.

    Slovo sightseeing je zloženinou slov sights (pamiatky, pamätihodnosti) a seeing (videnie, pozeranie), teda “prezeranie pamiatok”. Places to visit sú miesta, ktoré sa oplatí navštíviť.