Exercises

Exercise 1

    • Preložte do slovenčiny.

    13 Let's go shopping!
    5 He tries hard to be the best.
    6 It'll be best to take a taxi.
    7 It was nice meeting you.
    9 Is this your first time here?
    11 I'll pick you up at the airport.
    3 Tell him not to buy it.
    19 That sounds interesting.
    8 We met several times.
    16 Shall we sit down?
    18 There's no need to worry.
    1 What are you watching?
    10 What time does your plane land?
    12 She never speaks to me.
    4 She knew nothing about it.
    2 Take a look at this!
    17 I spent an hour looking for it.
    15 He doesn't care about her.
    20 It feels great!
    14 She keeps talking about it.

    Feel je cítiť alebo cítiť sa, ale možno ho použiť aj keď opisujeme, aký pocit niečo vyvoláva. Napr. It feels good. - Je to dobrý pocit., It feels cold. - Chladí to.

    Exercise 2

    • Odpovedzte celou vetou kladne a potom záporne.

    9 Could he do it for us?
    1 Are you hungry?
    6 Will you be there?
    10 Am I right?
    5 Is she coming too?
    4 Have you got any money?
    8 Should I tell her?
    3 Can they help us?
    2 Does he know?
    7 Do they agree?

    Right znamená správny či správne. Možno ho ale tiež použiť v uisťovacích otázkach. Napr. Is that right? - Je to tak? či iba Right? - Že (áno)?

    Exercise 3

    • Tvorte otázky. Pýtajte sa na zvýraznené slová.

    4 We'll meet on Wednesday.
    3 They're going to arrange it.
    5 It costs twenty dollars.
    9 He goes there twice a week.
    2 Frank is coming too.
    7 Bob broke his leg last week.
    8 She's afraid of flying.
    1 I'm watching the news.
    6 Only ten people came there.
    12 It's going to take a week.
    11 He's got no children.
    10 We got there at seven.

    Exercise 4

    • Napíšte po anglicky celými slovami číselné údaje.

    2 He was 52nd.
    8 9,756,004
    6 0.05 seconds
    13 Charles II and Henry VIII
    11 bus number 102
    7 35,785
    10 in the 1980s
    9 in the year 2015
    4 3,500
    3 246 people
    1 on May 1st and 26th
    12 phone number 670098883
    5 4.6,000,000

    V písanej angličtine (hl. v novinách ap.) môžete často v kontexte súm a hodnôt naraziť na skratky K či k pre tisíce (z anglického kilo) a M či m pre milióny million. Napr. They spent $2.5M - “Utratili 2,5 milióna dolárov.”, It cost $15k. - “Stálo to 15 tisíc dolárov.” Podobne sa používa aj skratka B či bn pre miliardy (billion).

    Exercise 5

    • Odpovedzte celou vetou podľa pomôcok.

    10 Did you have a good time? great time
    4 What are we going to do? ask them for help
    13 When did you see him? last week
    7 What did they want? more money
    9 What did you drink? only tea
    8 Did he cause any problems? no problems
    12 What did she tell you? nothing
    5 How much did it cost? 2000 dollars
    3 When did she come back? at 2 a.m.
    2 How many dogs does she have? 2 dogs
    1 How often does he exercise? 3x a week
    6 When is she coming back? on Friday
    14 Did you travel by bus? no, hire a car
    11 Were there any problems? lots of

    Sloveso hire možno v britskej angličtine použiť aj na človeka a vec. V americkej angličtine sa ale hire užíva len na pracovníkov. Na prenájom vecí (požičiavanie za peniaze) sa v USA užíva rent. Napr.: We rented a car. - Požičali sme si auto. ap.

    Exercise 6

    • Tvorte vety opačného významu.

    1 He speaks English.
    6 There's too much water.
    8 There were more people.
    9 They could help us.
    2 She should tell them.
    3 I'm going to tell him.
    4 You should eat less meat.
    10 We'll be able to come.
    5 She doesn't like travelling.
    7 She's got a lot of friends.

    Exercise 7

    • Tvorte oznamovacie vety v prítomnom, budúcom a jednoduchom minulom čase.

    9 he, not like the food
    10 the car, be, not expensive
    8 our dog, not eat that
    2 my parents, know
    6 she, sit between us
    1 he, speak about it
    5 I, give him, the money
    7 we, spend weekends abroad
    4 we, meet, on the bus
    3 she, send us, messages

    Exercise 8

    • Povedzte po anglicky. Využite pomôcky.

    2 Poďme ku mne (domov)!
    my place
    8 Nehádajme sa!
    let, argue
    4 Vyzerá to zaujímavo.
    look
    5 Nehovor mu o tom!
    tell
    6 Požiadaj ju, nech príde.
    ask, come
    9 Pekne to vonia.
    smell
    3 Nech mi zavolá! (on)
    let, call
    7 To bude omnoho lepšie.
    better
    10 To je ale škoda!
    pity
    1 To znie dobre!
    sound

    Exercise 9

    • Upravte vety do času jednoduchého prítomného a jednoduchého minulého.

    3 It's snowing.
    1 She's feeling good.
    5 School is beginning.
    10 I'm drinking beer.
    2 Bob is trying hard.
    7 She's sleeping late.
    6 He's coming.
    8 I'm writing some e-mails.
    4 She's making dinner.
    9 He's bringing her flowers.

    Exercise 10

    • Doplňte 2. alebo 3. stupeň prídavných mien.

    11 He's good at tennis, but I am much .
    12 There were only 9 people last time, but today there are even .
    1 He's tall but he isn't the boy in the family.
    4 That house is expensive, but this house is much .
    2 My dog is big, but his dog is even .
    8 It's very dangerous. You should be careful.
    6 It's such a bad film! I think it's the film of all.
    3 He may be fast, but he isn't the in the world.
    9 He tried so hard. He really did his .
    5 My idea was bad but his idea is even .
    10 You didn't try enough. You must try next time.
    7 Jane is so beautiful. She's the girl that I know.

    Pozor na predložku: be good at ... - byť dobrý v... Napr.: He's good at it. - Ide mu to., Je v tom dobrý., I'm really bad at that. - To mi vôbec nejde. Slovo even sa používa na zdôraznenie ako slovenské ešte alebo dokonca či v zápore ani. Napr. He didn't even say goodbye. - Ani sa nerozlúčil. ap.

    Exercise 11

    • Použite gerundium na vytvorenie vety s rovnakým významom.

    2 They love to sing.
    5 We love it when we go out.
    9 I dislike it when I have to wait.
    10 I hate it when people lie to me.
    11 She works hard and she enjoys it.
    7 It should be easy to repair.
    8 It will be hard to solve.
    6 He hates it when he gets up early.
    4 He continued to read.
    12 I can remember that he told her.
    3 Music started to play.
    1 He likes to play games.

    Exercise 12

    • Preložte. Sústreďte sa na predložky.

    3 It's just around the corner.
    7 What else do you like besides watching TV?
    2 You are among friends.
    11 You can't take it on the plane.
    10 I'm ready for anything.
    4 people aged between 30 and 50
    12 Go down this road.
    14 Someone's knocking at the door.
    13 We are open from 8 a.m. to 6 p.m.
    6 I'll wait outside the shop.
    1 She left for work an hour ago.
    5 The worst is behind us.
    9 He sits in front of the TV.
    8 He lives in the flat above me.

    Zaklopať na niečo je síce po anglicky to knock on, napr. He knocked on the door., ale pokiaľ niekto stojí pri dverách a klope, použije sa bežne aj at the door. Fráza to answer the door potom znamená: (ísť) otvoriť (niekomu, kto klope, zvoní).

    Exercise 13

    • Vyberte správnu predložku.

    12 I'll make a reservation in/at/to the Marriott Hotel.
    7 She's afraid to/of/about flying.
    10 We were at/in/on the seaside not on/in/at the mountains.
    1 We'll meet at half to/after/past seven in/at/to my place.
    11 What are you doing in/at/on Friday?
    2 It's (a) quarter to/at/from six.
    9 My birthday is at/on/in 3rd March.
    13 Meet me on/to/at the airport in/at/on eight o'clock.
    4 There are lots of people at/in/about the streets.
    3 It's freezing outside. The temperature is under/below/behind zero.
    6 We often meet at/on/inside the bus or in/on/at the bus stop.
    8 Walk over/through/by the bridge and then turn left.
    5 She asked me to/at/for it and I gave it for/to/at her.

    Príkaz: Meet me ... možno preložiť ako Stretneme sa... (tam a tam).

    Užitočná fráza: without somebody's knowing - bez niečieho vedomia. Napr.: He did it without my knowing. - Urobil to bez môjho vedomia.

    Exercise 15

    • Spojte súvisiace výroky.

    • 1 Why did Jane leave?
    • 2 Can we go now?
    • 3 Did you tell anybody?
    • 4 Did you speak to Bob?
    • 5 Where did you meet?
    • 6 How often do you go there?
    • 7 Will you come to the party?
    • 8 Did you go on holiday?
    • 9 Does he have any siblings?
    • 10 How much did it cost?
    • i Usually twice a week.
    • d Yes, we went on a road trip.
    • f No, we'll have to wait.
    • e No, I won't be able to.
    • j No, he's an only child.
    • b We met on the bus.
    • g Yes, I spoke to him last week.
    • a No, I told nobody.
    • c She had to go to work.
    • h It wasn't very expensive.

    Road trip rəʊdtrɪp je dlhšia cesta pre zábavu podniknutá hl. autom. Napr.: We went on a road trip around the US. - Obišli sme autom USA.

    Exercise 16

    • Vyberte správne slovo.

    9 It should take only little/few time.
    12 I speak very little/few English.
    14 There was few/little rain last year.
    19 How many/much beers did you have?
    2 He doesn't eat many/much meat.
    15 He causes too many/much trouble.
    10 How many/much water do you drink every day?
    18 Are there any other/another ideas?
    17 He should get other/another chance.
    13 He made much/many mistakes.
    5 There wasn't very/much time.
    16 It'll be many/much better.
    6 That's too much/many money.
    8 I have only little/a few friends.
    3 There will be many/much people.
    7 There were less/fewer people.
    1 How many/much will it cost?
    4 I tried it many/much times.
    11 There are little/few cars in the streets.

    Látkové podstatné mená ako tea, coffee, beer ap., sú síce všeobecne nepočítateľné, ale ak hovoríme o konkrétnych porciách, druhoch ap., ide už o slovo počítateľné. Takže napr.: You drink too much coffee., ale I had too many coffees., podobne I drank too much beer., ale How many beers did you have? ap.

    Exercise 17

    • Preložte pomocou účelového neurčitku.

    12 Beriem si taxík, aby som neprišiel neskoro. take, taxi, be late
    9 Učím sa po anglicky, aby som rozumel cudzincom. learn, understand, foreigner
    6 Potrebujem, aby si mi pomohol. need you, help
    3 Volám, aby som ti povedal... call, tell
    13 Žiadala ma, aby som jej dal ďalšiu šancu. ask, give, chance
    5 Som tu, aby som sa s ňou porozprával. speak to
    8 Chcem, aby si to urobil hneď. want you, do, right now
    11 Zavolám bratovi, aby ma odviezol na letisko. call, take, to the airport
    4 Aby si mal peniaze, musíš pracovať. work, have money
    1 Požiadaj ho, aby mi to poslal. ask, send
    2 Povedz jej, nech počká. tell, wait
    7 Povedz im, aby na nás nečakali. tell, wait
    10 Musíme sa poponáhľať, aby sme tam boli včas. hurry, in time

    By chance znamená náhodou. They met by chance. - Stretli sa náhodou.

    Exercise 18

    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    3 If he's so smart, why isn't he tall/rich/broken?
    6 She'll like you more if you leave/quit/let smoking.
    13 Don't open the door unless you feel/know/smell the person behind it.
    4 If it is hot/cold/late, I will wear a coat.
    11 If you don't have a phone, you can use my/me/mine.
    2 If you aren't sure, you had/should/shall ask somebody.
    12 If it's expensive/broken/lost, someone should repair it.
    1 If you eat too much, you will be smart/fat/rich.
    8 It's early. If you call him now, you'll spend/wake/keep him.
    10 If you're tired, you should have a look/rest/pity.
    9 If you drink 5 beers, you'll be tall/drunk/broken.
    7 If you don't know what to do, ask everybody/somebody/nobody.
    5 How can he know that if somebody/nobody/everybody told him?

    Nezamieňajte anglické feel (cítiť - dotykom, mať pocit) a smell (cítiť čuchom)! Napr.: Can you smell it? - “Cítiš to?”. Sloveso smell of ... je v angličtine všeobecne neutrálne (znamená byť cítiť čím) napr. It smells of petrol. - “Je to cítiť benzínom.”, smell good/nice je voňať a smell bad je páchnuť, smrdieť. V niektorých prípadoch však má už samotné smell negatívny kontext. Napr.: Your feet smell! - “Smrdia ti nohy!”, His breath smells. - “Páchne mu z úst.” ap.

    Exercise 19

    • Doplňte slova: soon, early, late, later, in time

    7 He went to bed late. Don't wake him too .
    6 I hate people being late, so be there .
    3 I'm leaving home now. I'll be there .
    4 I have no time now. I'll look at it .
    9 Please let me know as as possible!
    2 Last time he was late and today he's . He's never on time.
    1 He just left for a minute. He should be back .
    5 He'll call me in an hour, so we should know .
    10 We agreed to meet at 6 and it's 6:20. You are again!
    8 She lived there in the 1990s. It was around 1992.

    Agree with... je súhlasiť s..., ale spojenie: agree on ... alebo tiež agree to (do) ... znamená skôr dohodnúť sa na... (niečom). Agreed! əˈgriːd je po slovensky Platí!, Dohodnuté! či Súhlasím!

    Exercise 20

    • Doplňte podľa kontextu tvary slovesa do alebo make.

    12 Who's going to the shopping?
    2 What are you here? Are you waiting for someone?
    1 You are a big mistake!
    7 It doesn't sense. I get it.
    15 Stop fun of me!
    5 I need to a phone call.
    8 How much money does he ?
    6 Do you any sports?
    4 You should your homework now.
    10 Please sure that you have enough money.
    14 He it to her happy.
    3 She's dinner just now.
    13 We're late but we can still it in time.
    11 I only have 10 dollars. Will it ? - No, it costs 15 dollars.
    9 Can you a reservation for me? I'll my best.

    Všimnite si, ako sa anglické sloveso do spája s podstatnými menami končiacimi na -ing (často gerundiom). Vzniká tak veľa užitočných ustálených spojení ako napr. do the washing up - umyť riad, do the cleaning - upratať, Let me do the talking. - Nechaj hovoriť mňa., I did a lot of thinking. - Veľa som premýšľal. ap.

    Exercise 21

    • Povedzte po anglicky. Použite gerundium, kde je to možné.

    6 Kedy to dopíšeš? finish, write
    7 Vieš si predstaviť, že by si tu zostal? imagine, stay
    1 Rád pozeráš televíziu? watch TV
    3 Je to lepšie než sedieť doma. sit at home
    4 Skúšaj to ďalej! keep, try
    2 Radšej cestujem vlakom. prefer, travel by train
    10 Chýba mi život na vidieku. miss, live in the country
    5 Ona mi stále volá. keep, call, all the time
    9 Nezmienil sa, že pôjde do Londýna. mention, go to London
    8 Mrzí ma, že som to povedal. be sorry for, say that

    Sloveso miss možno po slovensky preložiť ako chýbať, treba ale dávať pozor na obrátenie podmetu a predmetu! Napr.: I miss you. - Chýbaš mi., He misses his friends. - Chýbajú mu jeho priatelia., I'm missing two books. - Chýbajú mi dve knihy. Pozor! Podstatné meno Miss je po slovensky slečna (pred menom ap.).

    Exercise 22

    • Vyberte správne slovo podľa výkladu.

    4 The son of a man's daughter is his: grandpa/grandparent/grandson
    5 A husband and his wife are: married/widowed/single
    8 A child with no parents is: a widow/an orphan/a sibling
    1 Your mother and father are your: siblings/parents/husbands
    9 If a woman's husband dies, she is: divorced/an orphan/a widow
    10 If two people were married but they aren't married now, they are: husbands/widowed/divorced
    3 If children are brothers or sisters, the are siblings/relatives/married
    7 A person with no siblings is: an only child/a widow/a learner
    6 A man who is not married is: free/single/double
    2 The mother of your father is your: grandfather/grandmother/daughter

    Exercise 23

    • Doplňte podľa kontextu other, another alebo else.

    2 What do people think?
    6 We will find some place.
    8 I'll come time.
    7 Is there anything I can do for you?
    3 What will you need?
    1 Why do you need car?
    5 Let's go somewhere .
    9 Nobody knows that.
    4 What things do you like?
    10 George is just New Yorker visiting London.

    Koncovka -er sa používa aj na tvorenie názvov obyvateľov istého mesta či miesta. Napr.: Londoner ˈlʌndənə (Londýnčan), New Yorker njuː jɔːkə (Newyorčan), village (dedina) - villager ˈvɪlɪdʒə (dedinčan), island (ostrov) - islander ˈaɪləndə (ostrovan) ap. Nemožno ju však takto použiť vždy! Napr. Parížan je Parisian pəˈrɪzɪən, Riman je Roman ˈrəʊmən ap.

    Exercise 24

    • Preložte.

    14 Nesmie o tom vedieť.
    16 Strávili sme týždeň pri mori.
    5 Mal som veľa práce.
    13 John tam chodí každý deň.
    10 Koľko to stojí?
    2 Mohli by ste mi pomôcť?
    18 Nemohol som to nájsť.
    17 Museli sme čakať.
    11 Nepotrebujem to.
    7 Mal by si jej zavolať.
    1 Kde si včera bol?
    15 Prídem o pol šiestej.
    8 Kto ti to povedal?
    3 Chodí do práce autom.
    9 Vyzerá to dobre.
    4 Prečo si mi to neposlal?
    12 Idem nakupovať.
    20 Prezreli sme si pamiatky.
    19 Nebudem môcť prísť.
    6 Ideš s nami?

    Slovo sightseeing je zloženinou slov sights (pamiatky, pamätihodnosti) a seeing (videnie, pozeranie), teda “prezeranie pamiatok”. Places to visit sú miesta, ktoré sa oplatí navštíviť.