Exercises

Exercise 1

    • Preložte do slovenčiny.

    11 I'll pick you up at the airport.
    3 Tell him not to buy it.
    9 Is this your first time here?
    2 Take a look at this!
    1 What are you watching?
    4 She knew nothing about it.
    18 There's no need to worry.
    8 We met several times.
    17 I spent an hour looking for it.
    16 Shall we sit down?
    19 That sounds interesting.
    14 She keeps talking about it.
    15 He doesn't care about her.
    13 Let's go shopping!
    7 It was nice meeting you.
    12 She never speaks to me.
    10 What time does your plane land?
    6 It'll be best to take a taxi.
    20 It feels great!
    5 He tries hard to be the best.

    Feel je cítiť alebo cítiť sa, ale možno ho použiť aj keď opisujeme, aký pocit niečo vyvoláva. Napr. It feels good. - Je to dobrý pocit., It feels cold. - Chladí to.

    Exercise 2

    • Odpovedzte celou vetou kladne a potom záporne.

    3 Can they help us?
    1 Are you hungry?
    10 Am I right?
    2 Does he know?
    7 Do they agree?
    4 Have you got any money?
    8 Should I tell her?
    9 Could he do it for us?
    6 Will you be there?
    5 Is she coming too?

    Right znamená správny či správne. Možno ho ale tiež použiť v uisťovacích otázkach. Napr. Is that right? - Je to tak? či iba Right? - Že (áno)?

    Exercise 3

    • Tvorte otázky. Pýtajte sa na zvýraznené slová.

    2 Frank is coming too.
    10 We got there at seven.
    5 It costs twenty dollars.
    7 Bob broke his leg last week.
    3 They're going to arrange it.
    6 Only ten people came there.
    8 She's afraid of flying.
    9 He goes there twice a week.
    12 It's going to take a week.
    11 He's got no children.
    4 We'll meet on Wednesday.
    1 I'm watching the news.

    Exercise 4

    • Napíšte po anglicky celými slovami číselné údaje.

    3 246 people
    1 on May 1st and 26th
    12 phone number 670098883
    9 in the year 2015
    13 Charles II and Henry VIII
    8 9,756,004
    2 He was 52nd.
    6 0.05 seconds
    10 in the 1980s
    7 35,785
    11 bus number 102
    5 4.6,000,000
    4 3,500

    V písanej angličtine (hl. v novinách ap.) môžete často v kontexte súm a hodnôt naraziť na skratky K či k pre tisíce (z anglického kilo) a M či m pre milióny million. Napr. They spent $2.5M - “Utratili 2,5 milióna dolárov.”, It cost $15k. - “Stálo to 15 tisíc dolárov.” Podobne sa používa aj skratka B či bn pre miliardy (billion).

    Exercise 5

    • Odpovedzte celou vetou podľa pomôcok.

    11 Were there any problems? lots of
    5 How much did it cost? 2000 dollars
    6 When is she coming back? on Friday
    7 What did they want? more money
    1 How often does he exercise? 3x a week
    10 Did you have a good time? great time
    3 When did she come back? at 2 a.m.
    12 What did she tell you? nothing
    14 Did you travel by bus? no, hire a car
    13 When did you see him? last week
    4 What are we going to do? ask them for help
    9 What did you drink? only tea
    8 Did he cause any problems? no problems
    2 How many dogs does she have? 2 dogs

    Sloveso hire možno v britskej angličtine použiť aj na človeka a vec. V americkej angličtine sa ale hire užíva len na pracovníkov. Na prenájom vecí (požičiavanie za peniaze) sa v USA užíva rent. Napr.: We rented a car. - Požičali sme si auto. ap.

    Exercise 6

    • Tvorte vety opačného významu.

    5 She doesn't like travelling.
    9 They could help us.
    1 He speaks English.
    7 She's got a lot of friends.
    10 We'll be able to come.
    8 There were more people.
    3 I'm going to tell him.
    6 There's too much water.
    4 You should eat less meat.
    2 She should tell them.

    Exercise 7

    • Tvorte oznamovacie vety v prítomnom, budúcom a jednoduchom minulom čase.

    6 she, sit between us
    7 we, spend weekends abroad
    5 I, give him, the money
    10 the car, be, not expensive
    8 our dog, not eat that
    3 she, send us, messages
    2 my parents, know
    1 he, speak about it
    9 he, not like the food
    4 we, meet, on the bus

    Exercise 8

    • Povedzte po anglicky. Využite pomôcky.

    4 Vyzerá to zaujímavo.
    look
    3 Nech mi zavolá! (on)
    let, call
    2 Poďme ku mne (domov)!
    my place
    6 Požiadaj ju, nech príde.
    ask, come
    1 To znie dobre!
    sound
    7 To bude omnoho lepšie.
    better
    10 To je ale škoda!
    pity
    9 Pekne to vonia.
    smell
    5 Nehovor mu o tom!
    tell
    8 Nehádajme sa!
    let, argue

    Exercise 9

    • Upravte vety do času jednoduchého prítomného a jednoduchého minulého.

    3 It's snowing.
    4 She's making dinner.
    2 Bob is trying hard.
    10 I'm drinking beer.
    6 He's coming.
    8 I'm writing some e-mails.
    9 He's bringing her flowers.
    5 School is beginning.
    1 She's feeling good.
    7 She's sleeping late.

    Exercise 10

    • Doplňte 2. alebo 3. stupeň prídavných mien.

    6 It's such a bad film! I think it's the film of all.
    3 He may be fast, but he isn't the in the world.
    7 Jane is so beautiful. She's the girl that I know.
    4 That house is expensive, but this house is much .
    1 He's tall but he isn't the boy in the family.
    11 He's good at tennis, but I am much .
    12 There were only 9 people last time, but today there are even .
    10 You didn't try enough. You must try next time.
    8 It's very dangerous. You should be careful.
    5 My idea was bad but his idea is even .
    2 My dog is big, but his dog is even .
    9 He tried so hard. He really did his .

    Pozor na predložku: be good at ... - byť dobrý v... Napr.: He's good at it. - Ide mu to., Je v tom dobrý., I'm really bad at that. - To mi vôbec nejde. Slovo even sa používa na zdôraznenie ako slovenské ešte alebo dokonca či v zápore ani. Napr. He didn't even say goodbye. - Ani sa nerozlúčil. ap.

    Exercise 11

    • Použite gerundium na vytvorenie vety s rovnakým významom.

    7 It should be easy to repair.
    9 I dislike it when I have to wait.
    10 I hate it when people lie to me.
    5 We love it when we go out.
    3 Music started to play.
    12 I can remember that he told her.
    2 They love to sing.
    11 She works hard and she enjoys it.
    8 It will be hard to solve.
    1 He likes to play games.
    6 He hates it when he gets up early.
    4 He continued to read.

    Exercise 12

    • Preložte. Sústreďte sa na predložky.

    9 He sits in front of the TV.
    12 Go down this road.
    10 I'm ready for anything.
    14 Someone's knocking at the door.
    13 We are open from 8 a.m. to 6 p.m.
    5 The worst is behind us.
    7 What else do you like besides watching TV?
    6 I'll wait outside the shop.
    2 You are among friends.
    11 You can't take it on the plane.
    8 He lives in the flat above me.
    3 It's just around the corner.
    1 She left for work an hour ago.
    4 people aged between 30 and 50

    Zaklopať na niečo je síce po anglicky to knock on, napr. He knocked on the door., ale pokiaľ niekto stojí pri dverách a klope, použije sa bežne aj at the door. Fráza to answer the door potom znamená: (ísť) otvoriť (niekomu, kto klope, zvoní).

    Exercise 13

    • Vyberte správnu predložku.

    7 She's afraid to/of/about flying.
    13 Meet me on/to/at the airport in/at/on eight o'clock.
    9 My birthday is at/on/in 3rd March.
    6 We often meet at/on/inside the bus or in/on/at the bus stop.
    1 We'll meet at half to/after/past seven in/at/to my place.
    4 There are lots of people at/in/about the streets.
    3 It's freezing outside. The temperature is under/below/behind zero.
    11 What are you doing in/at/on Friday?
    8 Walk over/through/by the bridge and then turn left.
    10 We were at/in/on the seaside not on/in/at the mountains.
    12 I'll make a reservation in/at/to the Marriott Hotel.
    5 She asked me to/at/for it and I gave it for/to/at her.
    2 It's (a) quarter to/at/from six.

    Príkaz: Meet me ... možno preložiť ako Stretneme sa... (tam a tam).

    Užitočná fráza: without somebody's knowing - bez niečieho vedomia. Napr.: He did it without my knowing. - Urobil to bez môjho vedomia.

    Exercise 15

    • Spojte súvisiace výroky.

    • 1 Why did Jane leave?
    • 2 Can we go now?
    • 3 Did you tell anybody?
    • 4 Did you speak to Bob?
    • 5 Where did you meet?
    • 6 How often do you go there?
    • 7 Will you come to the party?
    • 8 Did you go on holiday?
    • 9 Does he have any siblings?
    • 10 How much did it cost?
    • d Yes, we went on a road trip.
    • i Usually twice a week.
    • j No, he's an only child.
    • c She had to go to work.
    • e No, I won't be able to.
    • g Yes, I spoke to him last week.
    • a No, I told nobody.
    • f No, we'll have to wait.
    • b We met on the bus.
    • h It wasn't very expensive.

    Road trip rəʊdtrɪp je dlhšia cesta pre zábavu podniknutá hl. autom. Napr.: We went on a road trip around the US. - Obišli sme autom USA.

    Exercise 16

    • Vyberte správne slovo.

    18 Are there any other/another ideas?
    15 He causes too many/much trouble.
    7 There were less/fewer people.
    3 There will be many/much people.
    16 It'll be many/much better.
    13 He made much/many mistakes.
    6 That's too much/many money.
    2 He doesn't eat many/much meat.
    12 I speak very little/few English.
    11 There are little/few cars in the streets.
    9 It should take only little/few time.
    17 He should get other/another chance.
    14 There was few/little rain last year.
    5 There wasn't very/much time.
    1 How many/much will it cost?
    8 I have only little/a few friends.
    4 I tried it many/much times.
    19 How many/much beers did you have?
    10 How many/much water do you drink every day?

    Látkové podstatné mená ako tea, coffee, beer ap., sú síce všeobecne nepočítateľné, ale ak hovoríme o konkrétnych porciách, druhoch ap., ide už o slovo počítateľné. Takže napr.: You drink too much coffee., ale I had too many coffees., podobne I drank too much beer., ale How many beers did you have? ap.

    Exercise 17

    • Preložte pomocou účelového neurčitku.

    9 Učím sa po anglicky, aby som rozumel cudzincom. learn, understand, foreigner
    3 Volám, aby som ti povedal... call, tell
    8 Chcem, aby si to urobil hneď. want you, do, right now
    4 Aby si mal peniaze, musíš pracovať. work, have money
    13 Žiadala ma, aby som jej dal ďalšiu šancu. ask, give, chance
    1 Požiadaj ho, aby mi to poslal. ask, send
    2 Povedz jej, nech počká. tell, wait
    11 Zavolám bratovi, aby ma odviezol na letisko. call, take, to the airport
    7 Povedz im, aby na nás nečakali. tell, wait
    6 Potrebujem, aby si mi pomohol. need you, help
    5 Som tu, aby som sa s ňou porozprával. speak to
    10 Musíme sa poponáhľať, aby sme tam boli včas. hurry, in time
    12 Beriem si taxík, aby som neprišiel neskoro. take, taxi, be late

    By chance znamená náhodou. They met by chance. - Stretli sa náhodou.

    Exercise 18

    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    12 If it's expensive/broken/lost, someone should repair it.
    4 If it is hot/cold/late, I will wear a coat.
    2 If you aren't sure, you had/should/shall ask somebody.
    13 Don't open the door unless you feel/know/smell the person behind it.
    9 If you drink 5 beers, you'll be tall/drunk/broken.
    3 If he's so smart, why isn't he tall/rich/broken?
    11 If you don't have a phone, you can use my/me/mine.
    8 It's early. If you call him now, you'll spend/wake/keep him.
    10 If you're tired, you should have a look/rest/pity.
    5 How can he know that if somebody/nobody/everybody told him?
    1 If you eat too much, you will be smart/fat/rich.
    6 She'll like you more if you leave/quit/let smoking.
    7 If you don't know what to do, ask everybody/somebody/nobody.

    Nezamieňajte anglické feel (cítiť - dotykom, mať pocit) a smell (cítiť čuchom)! Napr.: Can you smell it? - “Cítiš to?”. Sloveso smell of ... je v angličtine všeobecne neutrálne (znamená byť cítiť čím) napr. It smells of petrol. - “Je to cítiť benzínom.”, smell good/nice je voňať a smell bad je páchnuť, smrdieť. V niektorých prípadoch však má už samotné smell negatívny kontext. Napr.: Your feet smell! - “Smrdia ti nohy!”, His breath smells. - “Páchne mu z úst.” ap.

    Exercise 19

    • Doplňte slova: soon, early, late, later, in time

    2 Last time he was late and today he's . He's never on time.
    8 She lived there in the 1990s. It was around 1992.
    9 Please let me know as as possible!
    1 He just left for a minute. He should be back .
    10 We agreed to meet at 6 and it's 6:20. You are again!
    3 I'm leaving home now. I'll be there .
    5 He'll call me in an hour, so we should know .
    6 I hate people being late, so be there .
    4 I have no time now. I'll look at it .
    7 He went to bed late. Don't wake him too .

    Agree with... je súhlasiť s..., ale spojenie: agree on ... alebo tiež agree to (do) ... znamená skôr dohodnúť sa na... (niečom). Agreed! əˈgriːd je po slovensky Platí!, Dohodnuté! či Súhlasím!

    Exercise 20

    • Doplňte podľa kontextu tvary slovesa do alebo make.

    1 You are a big mistake!
    7 It doesn't sense. I get it.
    10 Please sure that you have enough money.
    11 I only have 10 dollars. Will it ? - No, it costs 15 dollars.
    8 How much money does he ?
    2 What are you here? Are you waiting for someone?
    4 You should your homework now.
    14 He it to her happy.
    3 She's dinner just now.
    15 Stop fun of me!
    9 Can you a reservation for me? I'll my best.
    12 Who's going to the shopping?
    6 Do you any sports?
    13 We're late but we can still it in time.
    5 I need to a phone call.

    Všimnite si, ako sa anglické sloveso do spája s podstatnými menami končiacimi na -ing (často gerundiom). Vzniká tak veľa užitočných ustálených spojení ako napr. do the washing up - umyť riad, do the cleaning - upratať, Let me do the talking. - Nechaj hovoriť mňa., I did a lot of thinking. - Veľa som premýšľal. ap.

    Exercise 21

    • Povedzte po anglicky. Použite gerundium, kde je to možné.

    7 Vieš si predstaviť, že by si tu zostal? imagine, stay
    1 Rád pozeráš televíziu? watch TV
    5 Ona mi stále volá. keep, call, all the time
    4 Skúšaj to ďalej! keep, try
    3 Je to lepšie než sedieť doma. sit at home
    2 Radšej cestujem vlakom. prefer, travel by train
    8 Mrzí ma, že som to povedal. be sorry for, say that
    9 Nezmienil sa, že pôjde do Londýna. mention, go to London
    6 Kedy to dopíšeš? finish, write
    10 Chýba mi život na vidieku. miss, live in the country

    Sloveso miss možno po slovensky preložiť ako chýbať, treba ale dávať pozor na obrátenie podmetu a predmetu! Napr.: I miss you. - Chýbaš mi., He misses his friends. - Chýbajú mu jeho priatelia., I'm missing two books. - Chýbajú mi dve knihy. Pozor! Podstatné meno Miss je po slovensky slečna (pred menom ap.).

    Exercise 22

    • Vyberte správne slovo podľa výkladu.

    1 Your mother and father are your: siblings/parents/husbands
    7 A person with no siblings is: an only child/a widow/a learner
    9 If a woman's husband dies, she is: divorced/an orphan/a widow
    4 The son of a man's daughter is his: grandpa/grandparent/grandson
    2 The mother of your father is your: grandfather/grandmother/daughter
    6 A man who is not married is: free/single/double
    3 If children are brothers or sisters, the are siblings/relatives/married
    5 A husband and his wife are: married/widowed/single
    8 A child with no parents is: a widow/an orphan/a sibling
    10 If two people were married but they aren't married now, they are: husbands/widowed/divorced

    Exercise 23

    • Doplňte podľa kontextu other, another alebo else.

    7 Is there anything I can do for you?
    9 Nobody knows that.
    4 What things do you like?
    5 Let's go somewhere .
    3 What will you need?
    8 I'll come time.
    2 What do people think?
    10 George is just New Yorker visiting London.
    1 Why do you need car?
    6 We will find some place.

    Koncovka -er sa používa aj na tvorenie názvov obyvateľov istého mesta či miesta. Napr.: Londoner ˈlʌndənə (Londýnčan), New Yorker njuː jɔːkə (Newyorčan), village (dedina) - villager ˈvɪlɪdʒə (dedinčan), island (ostrov) - islander ˈaɪləndə (ostrovan) ap. Nemožno ju však takto použiť vždy! Napr. Parížan je Parisian pəˈrɪzɪən, Riman je Roman ˈrəʊmən ap.

    Exercise 24

    • Preložte.

    16 Strávili sme týždeň pri mori.
    12 Idem nakupovať.
    5 Mal som veľa práce.
    15 Prídem o pol šiestej.
    10 Koľko to stojí?
    4 Prečo si mi to neposlal?
    6 Ideš s nami?
    3 Chodí do práce autom.
    9 Vyzerá to dobre.
    17 Museli sme čakať.
    14 Nesmie o tom vedieť.
    19 Nebudem môcť prísť.
    2 Mohli by ste mi pomôcť?
    1 Kde si včera bol?
    11 Nepotrebujem to.
    8 Kto ti to povedal?
    7 Mal by si jej zavolať.
    20 Prezreli sme si pamiatky.
    18 Nemohol som to nájsť.
    13 John tam chodí každý deň.

    Slovo sightseeing je zloženinou slov sights (pamiatky, pamätihodnosti) a seeing (videnie, pozeranie), teda “prezeranie pamiatok”. Places to visit sú miesta, ktoré sa oplatí navštíviť.