Exercises

Exercise 1

    • Preložte do slovenčiny.

    4 She knew nothing about it.
    1 What are you watching?
    5 He tries hard to be the best.
    17 I spent an hour looking for it.
    6 It'll be best to take a taxi.
    11 I'll pick you up at the airport.
    20 It feels great!
    15 He doesn't care about her.
    3 Tell him not to buy it.
    14 She keeps talking about it.
    10 What time does your plane land?
    16 Shall we sit down?
    7 It was nice meeting you.
    13 Let's go shopping!
    9 Is this your first time here?
    12 She never speaks to me.
    2 Take a look at this!
    18 There's no need to worry.
    19 That sounds interesting.
    8 We met several times.

    Feel je cítiť alebo cítiť sa, ale možno ho použiť aj keď opisujeme, aký pocit niečo vyvoláva. Napr. It feels good. - Je to dobrý pocit., It feels cold. - Chladí to.

    Exercise 2

    • Odpovedzte celou vetou kladne a potom záporne.

    7 Do they agree?
    10 Am I right?
    6 Will you be there?
    8 Should I tell her?
    1 Are you hungry?
    4 Have you got any money?
    9 Could he do it for us?
    2 Does he know?
    5 Is she coming too?
    3 Can they help us?

    Right znamená správny či správne. Možno ho ale tiež použiť v uisťovacích otázkach. Napr. Is that right? - Je to tak? či iba Right? - Že (áno)?

    Exercise 3

    • Tvorte otázky. Pýtajte sa na zvýraznené slová.

    5 It costs twenty dollars.
    9 He goes there twice a week.
    7 Bob broke his leg last week.
    8 She's afraid of flying.
    3 They're going to arrange it.
    2 Frank is coming too.
    4 We'll meet on Wednesday.
    12 It's going to take a week.
    11 He's got no children.
    10 We got there at seven.
    1 I'm watching the news.
    6 Only ten people came there.

    Exercise 4

    • Napíšte po anglicky celými slovami číselné údaje.

    9 in the year 2015
    10 in the 1980s
    4 3,500
    7 35,785
    11 bus number 102
    3 246 people
    12 phone number 670098883
    6 0.05 seconds
    13 Charles II and Henry VIII
    8 9,756,004
    1 on May 1st and 26th
    5 4.6,000,000
    2 He was 52nd.

    V písanej angličtine (hl. v novinách ap.) môžete často v kontexte súm a hodnôt naraziť na skratky K či k pre tisíce (z anglického kilo) a M či m pre milióny million. Napr. They spent $2.5M - “Utratili 2,5 milióna dolárov.”, It cost $15k. - “Stálo to 15 tisíc dolárov.” Podobne sa používa aj skratka B či bn pre miliardy (billion).

    Exercise 5

    • Odpovedzte celou vetou podľa pomôcok.

    7 What did they want? more money
    3 When did she come back? at 2 a.m.
    6 When is she coming back? on Friday
    12 What did she tell you? nothing
    8 Did he cause any problems? no problems
    11 Were there any problems? lots of
    5 How much did it cost? 2000 dollars
    13 When did you see him? last week
    1 How often does he exercise? 3x a week
    4 What are we going to do? ask them for help
    9 What did you drink? only tea
    2 How many dogs does she have? 2 dogs
    14 Did you travel by bus? no, hire a car
    10 Did you have a good time? great time

    Sloveso hire možno v britskej angličtine použiť aj na človeka a vec. V americkej angličtine sa ale hire užíva len na pracovníkov. Na prenájom vecí (požičiavanie za peniaze) sa v USA užíva rent. Napr.: We rented a car. - Požičali sme si auto. ap.

    Exercise 6

    • Tvorte vety opačného významu.

    7 She's got a lot of friends.
    5 She doesn't like travelling.
    10 We'll be able to come.
    8 There were more people.
    9 They could help us.
    1 He speaks English.
    4 You should eat less meat.
    2 She should tell them.
    3 I'm going to tell him.
    6 There's too much water.

    Exercise 7

    • Tvorte oznamovacie vety v prítomnom, budúcom a jednoduchom minulom čase.

    3 she, send us, messages
    9 he, not like the food
    6 she, sit between us
    7 we, spend weekends abroad
    1 he, speak about it
    8 our dog, not eat that
    10 the car, be, not expensive
    4 we, meet, on the bus
    2 my parents, know
    5 I, give him, the money

    Exercise 8

    • Povedzte po anglicky. Využite pomôcky.

    9 Pekne to vonia.
    smell
    10 To je ale škoda!
    pity
    5 Nehovor mu o tom!
    tell
    8 Nehádajme sa!
    let, argue
    2 Poďme ku mne (domov)!
    my place
    7 To bude omnoho lepšie.
    better
    1 To znie dobre!
    sound
    6 Požiadaj ju, nech príde.
    ask, come
    3 Nech mi zavolá! (on)
    let, call
    4 Vyzerá to zaujímavo.
    look

    Exercise 9

    • Upravte vety do času jednoduchého prítomného a jednoduchého minulého.

    10 I'm drinking beer.
    3 It's snowing.
    5 School is beginning.
    2 Bob is trying hard.
    8 I'm writing some e-mails.
    6 He's coming.
    1 She's feeling good.
    4 She's making dinner.
    7 She's sleeping late.
    9 He's bringing her flowers.

    Exercise 10

    • Doplňte 2. alebo 3. stupeň prídavných mien.

    10 You didn't try enough. You must try next time.
    12 There were only 9 people last time, but today there are even .
    3 He may be fast, but he isn't the in the world.
    7 Jane is so beautiful. She's the girl that I know.
    1 He's tall but he isn't the boy in the family.
    11 He's good at tennis, but I am much .
    6 It's such a bad film! I think it's the film of all.
    5 My idea was bad but his idea is even .
    8 It's very dangerous. You should be careful.
    2 My dog is big, but his dog is even .
    4 That house is expensive, but this house is much .
    9 He tried so hard. He really did his .

    Pozor na predložku: be good at ... - byť dobrý v... Napr.: He's good at it. - Ide mu to., Je v tom dobrý., I'm really bad at that. - To mi vôbec nejde. Slovo even sa používa na zdôraznenie ako slovenské ešte alebo dokonca či v zápore ani. Napr. He didn't even say goodbye. - Ani sa nerozlúčil. ap.

    Exercise 11

    • Použite gerundium na vytvorenie vety s rovnakým významom.

    7 It should be easy to repair.
    9 I dislike it when I have to wait.
    1 He likes to play games.
    11 She works hard and she enjoys it.
    8 It will be hard to solve.
    3 Music started to play.
    6 He hates it when he gets up early.
    4 He continued to read.
    2 They love to sing.
    12 I can remember that he told her.
    5 We love it when we go out.
    10 I hate it when people lie to me.

    Exercise 12

    • Preložte. Sústreďte sa na predložky.

    12 Go down this road.
    10 I'm ready for anything.
    3 It's just around the corner.
    7 What else do you like besides watching TV?
    1 She left for work an hour ago.
    9 He sits in front of the TV.
    2 You are among friends.
    11 You can't take it on the plane.
    13 We are open from 8 a.m. to 6 p.m.
    14 Someone's knocking at the door.
    5 The worst is behind us.
    6 I'll wait outside the shop.
    8 He lives in the flat above me.
    4 people aged between 30 and 50

    Zaklopať na niečo je síce po anglicky to knock on, napr. He knocked on the door., ale pokiaľ niekto stojí pri dverách a klope, použije sa bežne aj at the door. Fráza to answer the door potom znamená: (ísť) otvoriť (niekomu, kto klope, zvoní).

    Exercise 13

    • Vyberte správnu predložku.

    10 We were at/in/on the seaside not on/in/at the mountains.
    4 There are lots of people at/in/about the streets.
    12 I'll make a reservation in/at/to the Marriott Hotel.
    5 She asked me to/at/for it and I gave it for/to/at her.
    6 We often meet at/on/inside the bus or in/on/at the bus stop.
    7 She's afraid to/of/about flying.
    11 What are you doing in/at/on Friday?
    2 It's (a) quarter to/at/from six.
    8 Walk over/through/by the bridge and then turn left.
    3 It's freezing outside. The temperature is under/below/behind zero.
    9 My birthday is at/on/in 3rd March.
    13 Meet me on/to/at the airport in/at/on eight o'clock.
    1 We'll meet at half to/after/past seven in/at/to my place.

    Príkaz: Meet me ... možno preložiť ako Stretneme sa... (tam a tam).

    Užitočná fráza: without somebody's knowing - bez niečieho vedomia. Napr.: He did it without my knowing. - Urobil to bez môjho vedomia.

    Exercise 15

    • Spojte súvisiace výroky.

    • 1 Why did Jane leave?
    • 2 Can we go now?
    • 3 Did you tell anybody?
    • 4 Did you speak to Bob?
    • 5 Where did you meet?
    • 6 How often do you go there?
    • 7 Will you come to the party?
    • 8 Did you go on holiday?
    • 9 Does he have any siblings?
    • 10 How much did it cost?
    • e No, I won't be able to.
    • b We met on the bus.
    • g Yes, I spoke to him last week.
    • a No, I told nobody.
    • i Usually twice a week.
    • h It wasn't very expensive.
    • c She had to go to work.
    • d Yes, we went on a road trip.
    • f No, we'll have to wait.
    • j No, he's an only child.

    Road trip rəʊdtrɪp je dlhšia cesta pre zábavu podniknutá hl. autom. Napr.: We went on a road trip around the US. - Obišli sme autom USA.

    Exercise 16

    • Vyberte správne slovo.

    16 It'll be many/much better.
    19 How many/much beers did you have?
    3 There will be many/much people.
    12 I speak very little/few English.
    1 How many/much will it cost?
    4 I tried it many/much times.
    8 I have only little/a few friends.
    11 There are little/few cars in the streets.
    10 How many/much water do you drink every day?
    7 There were less/fewer people.
    14 There was few/little rain last year.
    9 It should take only little/few time.
    2 He doesn't eat many/much meat.
    15 He causes too many/much trouble.
    17 He should get other/another chance.
    13 He made much/many mistakes.
    6 That's too much/many money.
    18 Are there any other/another ideas?
    5 There wasn't very/much time.

    Látkové podstatné mená ako tea, coffee, beer ap., sú síce všeobecne nepočítateľné, ale ak hovoríme o konkrétnych porciách, druhoch ap., ide už o slovo počítateľné. Takže napr.: You drink too much coffee., ale I had too many coffees., podobne I drank too much beer., ale How many beers did you have? ap.

    Exercise 17

    • Preložte pomocou účelového neurčitku.

    3 Volám, aby som ti povedal... call, tell
    12 Beriem si taxík, aby som neprišiel neskoro. take, taxi, be late
    11 Zavolám bratovi, aby ma odviezol na letisko. call, take, to the airport
    8 Chcem, aby si to urobil hneď. want you, do, right now
    13 Žiadala ma, aby som jej dal ďalšiu šancu. ask, give, chance
    4 Aby si mal peniaze, musíš pracovať. work, have money
    9 Učím sa po anglicky, aby som rozumel cudzincom. learn, understand, foreigner
    7 Povedz im, aby na nás nečakali. tell, wait
    5 Som tu, aby som sa s ňou porozprával. speak to
    1 Požiadaj ho, aby mi to poslal. ask, send
    2 Povedz jej, nech počká. tell, wait
    6 Potrebujem, aby si mi pomohol. need you, help
    10 Musíme sa poponáhľať, aby sme tam boli včas. hurry, in time

    By chance znamená náhodou. They met by chance. - Stretli sa náhodou.

    Exercise 18

    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    8 It's early. If you call him now, you'll spend/wake/keep him.
    11 If you don't have a phone, you can use my/me/mine.
    13 Don't open the door unless you feel/know/smell the person behind it.
    5 How can he know that if somebody/nobody/everybody told him?
    3 If he's so smart, why isn't he tall/rich/broken?
    4 If it is hot/cold/late, I will wear a coat.
    2 If you aren't sure, you had/should/shall ask somebody.
    6 She'll like you more if you leave/quit/let smoking.
    12 If it's expensive/broken/lost, someone should repair it.
    7 If you don't know what to do, ask everybody/somebody/nobody.
    9 If you drink 5 beers, you'll be tall/drunk/broken.
    1 If you eat too much, you will be smart/fat/rich.
    10 If you're tired, you should have a look/rest/pity.

    Nezamieňajte anglické feel (cítiť - dotykom, mať pocit) a smell (cítiť čuchom)! Napr.: Can you smell it? - “Cítiš to?”. Sloveso smell of ... je v angličtine všeobecne neutrálne (znamená byť cítiť čím) napr. It smells of petrol. - “Je to cítiť benzínom.”, smell good/nice je voňať a smell bad je páchnuť, smrdieť. V niektorých prípadoch však má už samotné smell negatívny kontext. Napr.: Your feet smell! - “Smrdia ti nohy!”, His breath smells. - “Páchne mu z úst.” ap.

    Exercise 19

    • Doplňte slova: soon, early, late, later, in time

    5 He'll call me in an hour, so we should know .
    6 I hate people being late, so be there .
    7 He went to bed late. Don't wake him too .
    9 Please let me know as as possible!
    10 We agreed to meet at 6 and it's 6:20. You are again!
    4 I have no time now. I'll look at it .
    2 Last time he was late and today he's . He's never on time.
    3 I'm leaving home now. I'll be there .
    1 He just left for a minute. He should be back .
    8 She lived there in the 1990s. It was around 1992.

    Agree with... je súhlasiť s..., ale spojenie: agree on ... alebo tiež agree to (do) ... znamená skôr dohodnúť sa na... (niečom). Agreed! əˈgriːd je po slovensky Platí!, Dohodnuté! či Súhlasím!

    Exercise 20

    • Doplňte podľa kontextu tvary slovesa do alebo make.

    14 He it to her happy.
    2 What are you here? Are you waiting for someone?
    8 How much money does he ?
    9 Can you a reservation for me? I'll my best.
    5 I need to a phone call.
    6 Do you any sports?
    4 You should your homework now.
    11 I only have 10 dollars. Will it ? - No, it costs 15 dollars.
    1 You are a big mistake!
    10 Please sure that you have enough money.
    15 Stop fun of me!
    7 It doesn't sense. I get it.
    12 Who's going to the shopping?
    3 She's dinner just now.
    13 We're late but we can still it in time.

    Všimnite si, ako sa anglické sloveso do spája s podstatnými menami končiacimi na -ing (často gerundiom). Vzniká tak veľa užitočných ustálených spojení ako napr. do the washing up - umyť riad, do the cleaning - upratať, Let me do the talking. - Nechaj hovoriť mňa., I did a lot of thinking. - Veľa som premýšľal. ap.

    Exercise 21

    • Povedzte po anglicky. Použite gerundium, kde je to možné.

    9 Nezmienil sa, že pôjde do Londýna. mention, go to London
    4 Skúšaj to ďalej! keep, try
    10 Chýba mi život na vidieku. miss, live in the country
    7 Vieš si predstaviť, že by si tu zostal? imagine, stay
    3 Je to lepšie než sedieť doma. sit at home
    6 Kedy to dopíšeš? finish, write
    5 Ona mi stále volá. keep, call, all the time
    1 Rád pozeráš televíziu? watch TV
    8 Mrzí ma, že som to povedal. be sorry for, say that
    2 Radšej cestujem vlakom. prefer, travel by train

    Sloveso miss možno po slovensky preložiť ako chýbať, treba ale dávať pozor na obrátenie podmetu a predmetu! Napr.: I miss you. - Chýbaš mi., He misses his friends. - Chýbajú mu jeho priatelia., I'm missing two books. - Chýbajú mi dve knihy. Pozor! Podstatné meno Miss je po slovensky slečna (pred menom ap.).

    Exercise 22

    • Vyberte správne slovo podľa výkladu.

    9 If a woman's husband dies, she is: divorced/an orphan/a widow
    2 The mother of your father is your: grandfather/grandmother/daughter
    10 If two people were married but they aren't married now, they are: husbands/widowed/divorced
    6 A man who is not married is: free/single/double
    5 A husband and his wife are: married/widowed/single
    7 A person with no siblings is: an only child/a widow/a learner
    4 The son of a man's daughter is his: grandpa/grandparent/grandson
    3 If children are brothers or sisters, the are siblings/relatives/married
    1 Your mother and father are your: siblings/parents/husbands
    8 A child with no parents is: a widow/an orphan/a sibling

    Exercise 23

    • Doplňte podľa kontextu other, another alebo else.

    4 What things do you like?
    6 We will find some place.
    3 What will you need?
    8 I'll come time.
    1 Why do you need car?
    2 What do people think?
    9 Nobody knows that.
    5 Let's go somewhere .
    7 Is there anything I can do for you?
    10 George is just New Yorker visiting London.

    Koncovka -er sa používa aj na tvorenie názvov obyvateľov istého mesta či miesta. Napr.: Londoner ˈlʌndənə (Londýnčan), New Yorker njuː jɔːkə (Newyorčan), village (dedina) - villager ˈvɪlɪdʒə (dedinčan), island (ostrov) - islander ˈaɪləndə (ostrovan) ap. Nemožno ju však takto použiť vždy! Napr. Parížan je Parisian pəˈrɪzɪən, Riman je Roman ˈrəʊmən ap.

    Exercise 24

    • Preložte.

    5 Mal som veľa práce.
    19 Nebudem môcť prísť.
    10 Koľko to stojí?
    16 Strávili sme týždeň pri mori.
    4 Prečo si mi to neposlal?
    17 Museli sme čakať.
    3 Chodí do práce autom.
    12 Idem nakupovať.
    7 Mal by si jej zavolať.
    11 Nepotrebujem to.
    2 Mohli by ste mi pomôcť?
    13 John tam chodí každý deň.
    18 Nemohol som to nájsť.
    8 Kto ti to povedal?
    6 Ideš s nami?
    9 Vyzerá to dobre.
    20 Prezreli sme si pamiatky.
    15 Prídem o pol šiestej.
    1 Kde si včera bol?
    14 Nesmie o tom vedieť.

    Slovo sightseeing je zloženinou slov sights (pamiatky, pamätihodnosti) a seeing (videnie, pozeranie), teda “prezeranie pamiatok”. Places to visit sú miesta, ktoré sa oplatí navštíviť.