Exercises

Exercise 1

    • Preložte do slovenčiny.

    3 Tell him not to buy it.
    2 Take a look at this!
    13 Let's go shopping!
    14 She keeps talking about it.
    8 We met several times.
    12 She never speaks to me.
    19 That sounds interesting.
    15 He doesn't care about her.
    7 It was nice meeting you.
    1 What are you watching?
    17 I spent an hour looking for it.
    9 Is this your first time here?
    11 I'll pick you up at the airport.
    10 What time does your plane land?
    4 She knew nothing about it.
    6 It'll be best to take a taxi.
    16 Shall we sit down?
    5 He tries hard to be the best.
    18 There's no need to worry.
    20 It feels great!

    Feel je cítiť alebo cítiť sa, ale možno ho použiť aj keď opisujeme, aký pocit niečo vyvoláva. Napr. It feels good. - Je to dobrý pocit., It feels cold. - Chladí to.

    Exercise 2

    • Odpovedzte celou vetou kladne a potom záporne.

    4 Have you got any money?
    6 Will you be there?
    7 Do they agree?
    3 Can they help us?
    10 Am I right?
    8 Should I tell her?
    5 Is she coming too?
    9 Could he do it for us?
    2 Does he know?
    1 Are you hungry?

    Right znamená správny či správne. Možno ho ale tiež použiť v uisťovacích otázkach. Napr. Is that right? - Je to tak? či iba Right? - Že (áno)?

    Exercise 3

    • Tvorte otázky. Pýtajte sa na zvýraznené slová.

    11 He's got no children.
    4 We'll meet on Wednesday.
    8 She's afraid of flying.
    2 Frank is coming too.
    12 It's going to take a week.
    1 I'm watching the news.
    10 We got there at seven.
    9 He goes there twice a week.
    6 Only ten people came there.
    3 They're going to arrange it.
    5 It costs twenty dollars.
    7 Bob broke his leg last week.

    Exercise 4

    • Napíšte po anglicky celými slovami číselné údaje.

    8 9,756,004
    4 3,500
    10 in the 1980s
    1 on May 1st and 26th
    12 phone number 670098883
    7 35,785
    13 Charles II and Henry VIII
    3 246 people
    9 in the year 2015
    2 He was 52nd.
    6 0.05 seconds
    5 4.6,000,000
    11 bus number 102

    V písanej angličtine (hl. v novinách ap.) môžete často v kontexte súm a hodnôt naraziť na skratky K či k pre tisíce (z anglického kilo) a M či m pre milióny million. Napr. They spent $2.5M - “Utratili 2,5 milióna dolárov.”, It cost $15k. - “Stálo to 15 tisíc dolárov.” Podobne sa používa aj skratka B či bn pre miliardy (billion).

    Exercise 5

    • Odpovedzte celou vetou podľa pomôcok.

    5 How much did it cost? 2000 dollars
    12 What did she tell you? nothing
    7 What did they want? more money
    2 How many dogs does she have? 2 dogs
    3 When did she come back? at 2 a.m.
    4 What are we going to do? ask them for help
    8 Did he cause any problems? no problems
    11 Were there any problems? lots of
    14 Did you travel by bus? no, hire a car
    1 How often does he exercise? 3x a week
    9 What did you drink? only tea
    10 Did you have a good time? great time
    13 When did you see him? last week
    6 When is she coming back? on Friday

    Sloveso hire možno v britskej angličtine použiť aj na človeka a vec. V americkej angličtine sa ale hire užíva len na pracovníkov. Na prenájom vecí (požičiavanie za peniaze) sa v USA užíva rent. Napr.: We rented a car. - Požičali sme si auto. ap.

    Exercise 6

    • Tvorte vety opačného významu.

    1 He speaks English.
    6 There's too much water.
    4 You should eat less meat.
    5 She doesn't like travelling.
    3 I'm going to tell him.
    2 She should tell them.
    10 We'll be able to come.
    9 They could help us.
    7 She's got a lot of friends.
    8 There were more people.

    Exercise 7

    • Tvorte oznamovacie vety v prítomnom, budúcom a jednoduchom minulom čase.

    4 we, meet, on the bus
    6 she, sit between us
    7 we, spend weekends abroad
    9 he, not like the food
    3 she, send us, messages
    8 our dog, not eat that
    10 the car, be, not expensive
    2 my parents, know
    1 he, speak about it
    5 I, give him, the money

    Exercise 8

    • Povedzte po anglicky. Využite pomôcky.

    6 Požiadaj ju, nech príde.
    ask, come
    7 To bude omnoho lepšie.
    better
    8 Nehádajme sa!
    let, argue
    4 Vyzerá to zaujímavo.
    look
    3 Nech mi zavolá! (on)
    let, call
    9 Pekne to vonia.
    smell
    5 Nehovor mu o tom!
    tell
    2 Poďme ku mne (domov)!
    my place
    10 To je ale škoda!
    pity
    1 To znie dobre!
    sound

    Exercise 9

    • Upravte vety do času jednoduchého prítomného a jednoduchého minulého.

    8 I'm writing some e-mails.
    7 She's sleeping late.
    6 He's coming.
    3 It's snowing.
    10 I'm drinking beer.
    1 She's feeling good.
    5 School is beginning.
    9 He's bringing her flowers.
    4 She's making dinner.
    2 Bob is trying hard.

    Exercise 10

    • Doplňte 2. alebo 3. stupeň prídavných mien.

    3 He may be fast, but he isn't the in the world.
    8 It's very dangerous. You should be careful.
    2 My dog is big, but his dog is even .
    4 That house is expensive, but this house is much .
    9 He tried so hard. He really did his .
    12 There were only 9 people last time, but today there are even .
    6 It's such a bad film! I think it's the film of all.
    5 My idea was bad but his idea is even .
    1 He's tall but he isn't the boy in the family.
    7 Jane is so beautiful. She's the girl that I know.
    11 He's good at tennis, but I am much .
    10 You didn't try enough. You must try next time.

    Pozor na predložku: be good at ... - byť dobrý v... Napr.: He's good at it. - Ide mu to., Je v tom dobrý., I'm really bad at that. - To mi vôbec nejde. Slovo even sa používa na zdôraznenie ako slovenské ešte alebo dokonca či v zápore ani. Napr. He didn't even say goodbye. - Ani sa nerozlúčil. ap.

    Exercise 11

    • Použite gerundium na vytvorenie vety s rovnakým významom.

    3 Music started to play.
    9 I dislike it when I have to wait.
    6 He hates it when he gets up early.
    4 He continued to read.
    12 I can remember that he told her.
    1 He likes to play games.
    10 I hate it when people lie to me.
    5 We love it when we go out.
    11 She works hard and she enjoys it.
    7 It should be easy to repair.
    2 They love to sing.
    8 It will be hard to solve.

    Exercise 12

    • Preložte. Sústreďte sa na predložky.

    14 Someone's knocking at the door.
    7 What else do you like besides watching TV?
    8 He lives in the flat above me.
    10 I'm ready for anything.
    13 We are open from 8 a.m. to 6 p.m.
    3 It's just around the corner.
    6 I'll wait outside the shop.
    5 The worst is behind us.
    2 You are among friends.
    9 He sits in front of the TV.
    11 You can't take it on the plane.
    4 people aged between 30 and 50
    1 She left for work an hour ago.
    12 Go down this road.

    Zaklopať na niečo je síce po anglicky to knock on, napr. He knocked on the door., ale pokiaľ niekto stojí pri dverách a klope, použije sa bežne aj at the door. Fráza to answer the door potom znamená: (ísť) otvoriť (niekomu, kto klope, zvoní).

    Exercise 13

    • Vyberte správnu predložku.

    13 Meet me on/to/at the airport in/at/on eight o'clock.
    10 We were at/in/on the seaside not on/in/at the mountains.
    12 I'll make a reservation in/at/to the Marriott Hotel.
    3 It's freezing outside. The temperature is under/below/behind zero.
    5 She asked me to/at/for it and I gave it for/to/at her.
    11 What are you doing in/at/on Friday?
    7 She's afraid to/of/about flying.
    6 We often meet at/on/inside the bus or in/on/at the bus stop.
    1 We'll meet at half to/after/past seven in/at/to my place.
    4 There are lots of people at/in/about the streets.
    2 It's (a) quarter to/at/from six.
    8 Walk over/through/by the bridge and then turn left.
    9 My birthday is at/on/in 3rd March.

    Príkaz: Meet me ... možno preložiť ako Stretneme sa... (tam a tam).

    Užitočná fráza: without somebody's knowing - bez niečieho vedomia. Napr.: He did it without my knowing. - Urobil to bez môjho vedomia.

    Exercise 15

    • Spojte súvisiace výroky.

    • 1 Why did Jane leave?
    • 2 Can we go now?
    • 3 Did you tell anybody?
    • 4 Did you speak to Bob?
    • 5 Where did you meet?
    • 6 How often do you go there?
    • 7 Will you come to the party?
    • 8 Did you go on holiday?
    • 9 Does he have any siblings?
    • 10 How much did it cost?
    • j No, he's an only child.
    • b We met on the bus.
    • a No, I told nobody.
    • h It wasn't very expensive.
    • f No, we'll have to wait.
    • i Usually twice a week.
    • e No, I won't be able to.
    • d Yes, we went on a road trip.
    • g Yes, I spoke to him last week.
    • c She had to go to work.

    Road trip rəʊdtrɪp je dlhšia cesta pre zábavu podniknutá hl. autom. Napr.: We went on a road trip around the US. - Obišli sme autom USA.

    Exercise 16

    • Vyberte správne slovo.

    5 There wasn't very/much time.
    2 He doesn't eat many/much meat.
    7 There were less/fewer people.
    10 How many/much water do you drink every day?
    17 He should get other/another chance.
    19 How many/much beers did you have?
    4 I tried it many/much times.
    13 He made much/many mistakes.
    3 There will be many/much people.
    8 I have only little/a few friends.
    12 I speak very little/few English.
    6 That's too much/many money.
    15 He causes too many/much trouble.
    9 It should take only little/few time.
    18 Are there any other/another ideas?
    14 There was few/little rain last year.
    16 It'll be many/much better.
    11 There are little/few cars in the streets.
    1 How many/much will it cost?

    Látkové podstatné mená ako tea, coffee, beer ap., sú síce všeobecne nepočítateľné, ale ak hovoríme o konkrétnych porciách, druhoch ap., ide už o slovo počítateľné. Takže napr.: You drink too much coffee., ale I had too many coffees., podobne I drank too much beer., ale How many beers did you have? ap.

    Exercise 17

    • Preložte pomocou účelového neurčitku.

    12 Beriem si taxík, aby som neprišiel neskoro. take, taxi, be late
    3 Volám, aby som ti povedal... call, tell
    6 Potrebujem, aby si mi pomohol. need you, help
    9 Učím sa po anglicky, aby som rozumel cudzincom. learn, understand, foreigner
    13 Žiadala ma, aby som jej dal ďalšiu šancu. ask, give, chance
    11 Zavolám bratovi, aby ma odviezol na letisko. call, take, to the airport
    4 Aby si mal peniaze, musíš pracovať. work, have money
    2 Povedz jej, nech počká. tell, wait
    5 Som tu, aby som sa s ňou porozprával. speak to
    7 Povedz im, aby na nás nečakali. tell, wait
    10 Musíme sa poponáhľať, aby sme tam boli včas. hurry, in time
    1 Požiadaj ho, aby mi to poslal. ask, send
    8 Chcem, aby si to urobil hneď. want you, do, right now

    By chance znamená náhodou. They met by chance. - Stretli sa náhodou.

    Exercise 18

    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    7 If you don't know what to do, ask everybody/somebody/nobody.
    4 If it is hot/cold/late, I will wear a coat.
    11 If you don't have a phone, you can use my/me/mine.
    9 If you drink 5 beers, you'll be tall/drunk/broken.
    6 She'll like you more if you leave/quit/let smoking.
    3 If he's so smart, why isn't he tall/rich/broken?
    2 If you aren't sure, you had/should/shall ask somebody.
    13 Don't open the door unless you feel/know/smell the person behind it.
    12 If it's expensive/broken/lost, someone should repair it.
    8 It's early. If you call him now, you'll spend/wake/keep him.
    10 If you're tired, you should have a look/rest/pity.
    5 How can he know that if somebody/nobody/everybody told him?
    1 If you eat too much, you will be smart/fat/rich.

    Nezamieňajte anglické feel (cítiť - dotykom, mať pocit) a smell (cítiť čuchom)! Napr.: Can you smell it? - “Cítiš to?”. Sloveso smell of ... je v angličtine všeobecne neutrálne (znamená byť cítiť čím) napr. It smells of petrol. - “Je to cítiť benzínom.”, smell good/nice je voňať a smell bad je páchnuť, smrdieť. V niektorých prípadoch však má už samotné smell negatívny kontext. Napr.: Your feet smell! - “Smrdia ti nohy!”, His breath smells. - “Páchne mu z úst.” ap.

    Exercise 19

    • Doplňte slova: soon, early, late, later, in time

    6 I hate people being late, so be there .
    5 He'll call me in an hour, so we should know .
    9 Please let me know as as possible!
    10 We agreed to meet at 6 and it's 6:20. You are again!
    3 I'm leaving home now. I'll be there .
    8 She lived there in the 1990s. It was around 1992.
    2 Last time he was late and today he's . He's never on time.
    1 He just left for a minute. He should be back .
    4 I have no time now. I'll look at it .
    7 He went to bed late. Don't wake him too .

    Agree with... je súhlasiť s..., ale spojenie: agree on ... alebo tiež agree to (do) ... znamená skôr dohodnúť sa na... (niečom). Agreed! əˈgriːd je po slovensky Platí!, Dohodnuté! či Súhlasím!

    Exercise 20

    • Doplňte podľa kontextu tvary slovesa do alebo make.

    4 You should your homework now.
    11 I only have 10 dollars. Will it ? - No, it costs 15 dollars.
    12 Who's going to the shopping?
    7 It doesn't sense. I get it.
    5 I need to a phone call.
    13 We're late but we can still it in time.
    3 She's dinner just now.
    9 Can you a reservation for me? I'll my best.
    15 Stop fun of me!
    10 Please sure that you have enough money.
    2 What are you here? Are you waiting for someone?
    1 You are a big mistake!
    8 How much money does he ?
    14 He it to her happy.
    6 Do you any sports?

    Všimnite si, ako sa anglické sloveso do spája s podstatnými menami končiacimi na -ing (často gerundiom). Vzniká tak veľa užitočných ustálených spojení ako napr. do the washing up - umyť riad, do the cleaning - upratať, Let me do the talking. - Nechaj hovoriť mňa., I did a lot of thinking. - Veľa som premýšľal. ap.

    Exercise 21

    • Povedzte po anglicky. Použite gerundium, kde je to možné.

    1 Rád pozeráš televíziu? watch TV
    4 Skúšaj to ďalej! keep, try
    8 Mrzí ma, že som to povedal. be sorry for, say that
    3 Je to lepšie než sedieť doma. sit at home
    5 Ona mi stále volá. keep, call, all the time
    6 Kedy to dopíšeš? finish, write
    10 Chýba mi život na vidieku. miss, live in the country
    7 Vieš si predstaviť, že by si tu zostal? imagine, stay
    2 Radšej cestujem vlakom. prefer, travel by train
    9 Nezmienil sa, že pôjde do Londýna. mention, go to London

    Sloveso miss možno po slovensky preložiť ako chýbať, treba ale dávať pozor na obrátenie podmetu a predmetu! Napr.: I miss you. - Chýbaš mi., He misses his friends. - Chýbajú mu jeho priatelia., I'm missing two books. - Chýbajú mi dve knihy. Pozor! Podstatné meno Miss je po slovensky slečna (pred menom ap.).

    Exercise 22

    • Vyberte správne slovo podľa výkladu.

    7 A person with no siblings is: an only child/a widow/a learner
    3 If children are brothers or sisters, the are siblings/relatives/married
    4 The son of a man's daughter is his: grandpa/grandparent/grandson
    2 The mother of your father is your: grandfather/grandmother/daughter
    6 A man who is not married is: free/single/double
    5 A husband and his wife are: married/widowed/single
    9 If a woman's husband dies, she is: divorced/an orphan/a widow
    10 If two people were married but they aren't married now, they are: husbands/widowed/divorced
    8 A child with no parents is: a widow/an orphan/a sibling
    1 Your mother and father are your: siblings/parents/husbands

    Exercise 23

    • Doplňte podľa kontextu other, another alebo else.

    9 Nobody knows that.
    3 What will you need?
    2 What do people think?
    5 Let's go somewhere .
    4 What things do you like?
    6 We will find some place.
    10 George is just New Yorker visiting London.
    8 I'll come time.
    7 Is there anything I can do for you?
    1 Why do you need car?

    Koncovka -er sa používa aj na tvorenie názvov obyvateľov istého mesta či miesta. Napr.: Londoner ˈlʌndənə (Londýnčan), New Yorker njuː jɔːkə (Newyorčan), village (dedina) - villager ˈvɪlɪdʒə (dedinčan), island (ostrov) - islander ˈaɪləndə (ostrovan) ap. Nemožno ju však takto použiť vždy! Napr. Parížan je Parisian pəˈrɪzɪən, Riman je Roman ˈrəʊmən ap.

    Exercise 24

    • Preložte.

    4 Prečo si mi to neposlal?
    10 Koľko to stojí?
    13 John tam chodí každý deň.
    12 Idem nakupovať.
    14 Nesmie o tom vedieť.
    7 Mal by si jej zavolať.
    19 Nebudem môcť prísť.
    20 Prezreli sme si pamiatky.
    5 Mal som veľa práce.
    15 Prídem o pol šiestej.
    11 Nepotrebujem to.
    2 Mohli by ste mi pomôcť?
    17 Museli sme čakať.
    18 Nemohol som to nájsť.
    1 Kde si včera bol?
    6 Ideš s nami?
    16 Strávili sme týždeň pri mori.
    8 Kto ti to povedal?
    9 Vyzerá to dobre.
    3 Chodí do práce autom.

    Slovo sightseeing je zloženinou slov sights (pamiatky, pamätihodnosti) a seeing (videnie, pozeranie), teda “prezeranie pamiatok”. Places to visit sú miesta, ktoré sa oplatí navštíviť.