Exercises

Exercise 1

    • Preložte do slovenčiny.

    13 Let's go shopping!
    4 She knew nothing about it.
    3 Tell him not to buy it.
    14 She keeps talking about it.
    17 I spent an hour looking for it.
    2 Take a look at this!
    10 What time does your plane land?
    8 We met several times.
    7 It was nice meeting you.
    19 That sounds interesting.
    6 It'll be best to take a taxi.
    20 It feels great!
    12 She never speaks to me.
    9 Is this your first time here?
    5 He tries hard to be the best.
    11 I'll pick you up at the airport.
    1 What are you watching?
    16 Shall we sit down?
    18 There's no need to worry.
    15 He doesn't care about her.

    Feel je cítiť alebo cítiť sa, ale možno ho použiť aj keď opisujeme, aký pocit niečo vyvoláva. Napr. It feels good. - Je to dobrý pocit., It feels cold. - Chladí to.

    Exercise 2

    • Odpovedzte celou vetou kladne a potom záporne.

    6 Will you be there?
    9 Could he do it for us?
    3 Can they help us?
    2 Does he know?
    5 Is she coming too?
    8 Should I tell her?
    4 Have you got any money?
    1 Are you hungry?
    10 Am I right?
    7 Do they agree?

    Right znamená správny či správne. Možno ho ale tiež použiť v uisťovacích otázkach. Napr. Is that right? - Je to tak? či iba Right? - Že (áno)?

    Exercise 3

    • Tvorte otázky. Pýtajte sa na zvýraznené slová.

    12 It's going to take a week.
    9 He goes there twice a week.
    10 We got there at seven.
    6 Only ten people came there.
    8 She's afraid of flying.
    11 He's got no children.
    1 I'm watching the news.
    7 Bob broke his leg last week.
    2 Frank is coming too.
    4 We'll meet on Wednesday.
    5 It costs twenty dollars.
    3 They're going to arrange it.

    Exercise 4

    • Napíšte po anglicky celými slovami číselné údaje.

    2 He was 52nd.
    11 bus number 102
    10 in the 1980s
    4 3,500
    9 in the year 2015
    6 0.05 seconds
    13 Charles II and Henry VIII
    5 4.6,000,000
    8 9,756,004
    3 246 people
    12 phone number 670098883
    7 35,785
    1 on May 1st and 26th

    V písanej angličtine (hl. v novinách ap.) môžete často v kontexte súm a hodnôt naraziť na skratky K či k pre tisíce (z anglického kilo) a M či m pre milióny million. Napr. They spent $2.5M - “Utratili 2,5 milióna dolárov.”, It cost $15k. - “Stálo to 15 tisíc dolárov.” Podobne sa používa aj skratka B či bn pre miliardy (billion).

    Exercise 5

    • Odpovedzte celou vetou podľa pomôcok.

    2 How many dogs does she have? 2 dogs
    8 Did he cause any problems? no problems
    1 How often does he exercise? 3x a week
    13 When did you see him? last week
    12 What did she tell you? nothing
    6 When is she coming back? on Friday
    14 Did you travel by bus? no, hire a car
    7 What did they want? more money
    5 How much did it cost? 2000 dollars
    10 Did you have a good time? great time
    4 What are we going to do? ask them for help
    9 What did you drink? only tea
    3 When did she come back? at 2 a.m.
    11 Were there any problems? lots of

    Sloveso hire možno v britskej angličtine použiť aj na človeka a vec. V americkej angličtine sa ale hire užíva len na pracovníkov. Na prenájom vecí (požičiavanie za peniaze) sa v USA užíva rent. Napr.: We rented a car. - Požičali sme si auto. ap.

    Exercise 6

    • Tvorte vety opačného významu.

    5 She doesn't like travelling.
    4 You should eat less meat.
    3 I'm going to tell him.
    1 He speaks English.
    6 There's too much water.
    2 She should tell them.
    8 There were more people.
    7 She's got a lot of friends.
    10 We'll be able to come.
    9 They could help us.

    Exercise 7

    • Tvorte oznamovacie vety v prítomnom, budúcom a jednoduchom minulom čase.

    10 the car, be, not expensive
    3 she, send us, messages
    9 he, not like the food
    8 our dog, not eat that
    5 I, give him, the money
    6 she, sit between us
    4 we, meet, on the bus
    7 we, spend weekends abroad
    1 he, speak about it
    2 my parents, know

    Exercise 8

    • Povedzte po anglicky. Využite pomôcky.

    7 To bude omnoho lepšie.
    better
    10 To je ale škoda!
    pity
    9 Pekne to vonia.
    smell
    5 Nehovor mu o tom!
    tell
    8 Nehádajme sa!
    let, argue
    1 To znie dobre!
    sound
    6 Požiadaj ju, nech príde.
    ask, come
    3 Nech mi zavolá! (on)
    let, call
    2 Poďme ku mne (domov)!
    my place
    4 Vyzerá to zaujímavo.
    look

    Exercise 9

    • Upravte vety do času jednoduchého prítomného a jednoduchého minulého.

    7 She's sleeping late.
    1 She's feeling good.
    10 I'm drinking beer.
    2 Bob is trying hard.
    4 She's making dinner.
    3 It's snowing.
    6 He's coming.
    9 He's bringing her flowers.
    5 School is beginning.
    8 I'm writing some e-mails.

    Exercise 10

    • Doplňte 2. alebo 3. stupeň prídavných mien.

    3 He may be fast, but he isn't the in the world.
    11 He's good at tennis, but I am much .
    5 My idea was bad but his idea is even .
    2 My dog is big, but his dog is even .
    8 It's very dangerous. You should be careful.
    12 There were only 9 people last time, but today there are even .
    4 That house is expensive, but this house is much .
    9 He tried so hard. He really did his .
    7 Jane is so beautiful. She's the girl that I know.
    6 It's such a bad film! I think it's the film of all.
    1 He's tall but he isn't the boy in the family.
    10 You didn't try enough. You must try next time.

    Pozor na predložku: be good at ... - byť dobrý v... Napr.: He's good at it. - Ide mu to., Je v tom dobrý., I'm really bad at that. - To mi vôbec nejde. Slovo even sa používa na zdôraznenie ako slovenské ešte alebo dokonca či v zápore ani. Napr. He didn't even say goodbye. - Ani sa nerozlúčil. ap.

    Exercise 11

    • Použite gerundium na vytvorenie vety s rovnakým významom.

    12 I can remember that he told her.
    2 They love to sing.
    9 I dislike it when I have to wait.
    1 He likes to play games.
    7 It should be easy to repair.
    8 It will be hard to solve.
    5 We love it when we go out.
    11 She works hard and she enjoys it.
    4 He continued to read.
    6 He hates it when he gets up early.
    3 Music started to play.
    10 I hate it when people lie to me.

    Exercise 12

    • Preložte. Sústreďte sa na predložky.

    7 What else do you like besides watching TV?
    5 The worst is behind us.
    13 We are open from 8 a.m. to 6 p.m.
    9 He sits in front of the TV.
    10 I'm ready for anything.
    2 You are among friends.
    3 It's just around the corner.
    8 He lives in the flat above me.
    1 She left for work an hour ago.
    6 I'll wait outside the shop.
    14 Someone's knocking at the door.
    11 You can't take it on the plane.
    4 people aged between 30 and 50
    12 Go down this road.

    Zaklopať na niečo je síce po anglicky to knock on, napr. He knocked on the door., ale pokiaľ niekto stojí pri dverách a klope, použije sa bežne aj at the door. Fráza to answer the door potom znamená: (ísť) otvoriť (niekomu, kto klope, zvoní).

    Exercise 13

    • Vyberte správnu predložku.

    1 We'll meet at half to/after/past seven in/at/to my place.
    8 Walk over/through/by the bridge and then turn left.
    13 Meet me on/to/at the airport in/at/on eight o'clock.
    10 We were at/in/on the seaside not on/in/at the mountains.
    2 It's (a) quarter to/at/from six.
    5 She asked me to/at/for it and I gave it for/to/at her.
    4 There are lots of people at/in/about the streets.
    9 My birthday is at/on/in 3rd March.
    7 She's afraid to/of/about flying.
    3 It's freezing outside. The temperature is under/below/behind zero.
    11 What are you doing in/at/on Friday?
    6 We often meet at/on/inside the bus or in/on/at the bus stop.
    12 I'll make a reservation in/at/to the Marriott Hotel.

    Príkaz: Meet me ... možno preložiť ako Stretneme sa... (tam a tam).

    Užitočná fráza: without somebody's knowing - bez niečieho vedomia. Napr.: He did it without my knowing. - Urobil to bez môjho vedomia.

    Exercise 15

    • Spojte súvisiace výroky.

    • 1 Why did Jane leave?
    • 2 Can we go now?
    • 3 Did you tell anybody?
    • 4 Did you speak to Bob?
    • 5 Where did you meet?
    • 6 How often do you go there?
    • 7 Will you come to the party?
    • 8 Did you go on holiday?
    • 9 Does he have any siblings?
    • 10 How much did it cost?
    • b We met on the bus.
    • h It wasn't very expensive.
    • f No, we'll have to wait.
    • e No, I won't be able to.
    • a No, I told nobody.
    • j No, he's an only child.
    • i Usually twice a week.
    • c She had to go to work.
    • g Yes, I spoke to him last week.
    • d Yes, we went on a road trip.

    Road trip rəʊdtrɪp je dlhšia cesta pre zábavu podniknutá hl. autom. Napr.: We went on a road trip around the US. - Obišli sme autom USA.

    Exercise 16

    • Vyberte správne slovo.

    12 I speak very little/few English.
    15 He causes too many/much trouble.
    5 There wasn't very/much time.
    9 It should take only little/few time.
    7 There were less/fewer people.
    17 He should get other/another chance.
    10 How many/much water do you drink every day?
    8 I have only little/a few friends.
    11 There are little/few cars in the streets.
    16 It'll be many/much better.
    19 How many/much beers did you have?
    1 How many/much will it cost?
    14 There was few/little rain last year.
    18 Are there any other/another ideas?
    2 He doesn't eat many/much meat.
    4 I tried it many/much times.
    6 That's too much/many money.
    13 He made much/many mistakes.
    3 There will be many/much people.

    Látkové podstatné mená ako tea, coffee, beer ap., sú síce všeobecne nepočítateľné, ale ak hovoríme o konkrétnych porciách, druhoch ap., ide už o slovo počítateľné. Takže napr.: You drink too much coffee., ale I had too many coffees., podobne I drank too much beer., ale How many beers did you have? ap.

    Exercise 17

    • Preložte pomocou účelového neurčitku.

    1 Požiadaj ho, aby mi to poslal. ask, send
    2 Povedz jej, nech počká. tell, wait
    11 Zavolám bratovi, aby ma odviezol na letisko. call, take, to the airport
    4 Aby si mal peniaze, musíš pracovať. work, have money
    12 Beriem si taxík, aby som neprišiel neskoro. take, taxi, be late
    5 Som tu, aby som sa s ňou porozprával. speak to
    13 Žiadala ma, aby som jej dal ďalšiu šancu. ask, give, chance
    6 Potrebujem, aby si mi pomohol. need you, help
    8 Chcem, aby si to urobil hneď. want you, do, right now
    9 Učím sa po anglicky, aby som rozumel cudzincom. learn, understand, foreigner
    10 Musíme sa poponáhľať, aby sme tam boli včas. hurry, in time
    7 Povedz im, aby na nás nečakali. tell, wait
    3 Volám, aby som ti povedal... call, tell

    By chance znamená náhodou. They met by chance. - Stretli sa náhodou.

    Exercise 18

    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    11 If you don't have a phone, you can use my/me/mine.
    12 If it's expensive/broken/lost, someone should repair it.
    2 If you aren't sure, you had/should/shall ask somebody.
    3 If he's so smart, why isn't he tall/rich/broken?
    13 Don't open the door unless you feel/know/smell the person behind it.
    5 How can he know that if somebody/nobody/everybody told him?
    10 If you're tired, you should have a look/rest/pity.
    6 She'll like you more if you leave/quit/let smoking.
    4 If it is hot/cold/late, I will wear a coat.
    9 If you drink 5 beers, you'll be tall/drunk/broken.
    7 If you don't know what to do, ask everybody/somebody/nobody.
    1 If you eat too much, you will be smart/fat/rich.
    8 It's early. If you call him now, you'll spend/wake/keep him.

    Nezamieňajte anglické feel (cítiť - dotykom, mať pocit) a smell (cítiť čuchom)! Napr.: Can you smell it? - “Cítiš to?”. Sloveso smell of ... je v angličtine všeobecne neutrálne (znamená byť cítiť čím) napr. It smells of petrol. - “Je to cítiť benzínom.”, smell good/nice je voňať a smell bad je páchnuť, smrdieť. V niektorých prípadoch však má už samotné smell negatívny kontext. Napr.: Your feet smell! - “Smrdia ti nohy!”, His breath smells. - “Páchne mu z úst.” ap.

    Exercise 19

    • Doplňte slova: soon, early, late, later, in time

    10 We agreed to meet at 6 and it's 6:20. You are again!
    5 He'll call me in an hour, so we should know .
    9 Please let me know as as possible!
    8 She lived there in the 1990s. It was around 1992.
    4 I have no time now. I'll look at it .
    1 He just left for a minute. He should be back .
    2 Last time he was late and today he's . He's never on time.
    7 He went to bed late. Don't wake him too .
    3 I'm leaving home now. I'll be there .
    6 I hate people being late, so be there .

    Agree with... je súhlasiť s..., ale spojenie: agree on ... alebo tiež agree to (do) ... znamená skôr dohodnúť sa na... (niečom). Agreed! əˈgriːd je po slovensky Platí!, Dohodnuté! či Súhlasím!

    Exercise 20

    • Doplňte podľa kontextu tvary slovesa do alebo make.

    11 I only have 10 dollars. Will it ? - No, it costs 15 dollars.
    12 Who's going to the shopping?
    7 It doesn't sense. I get it.
    15 Stop fun of me!
    14 He it to her happy.
    13 We're late but we can still it in time.
    8 How much money does he ?
    9 Can you a reservation for me? I'll my best.
    1 You are a big mistake!
    3 She's dinner just now.
    2 What are you here? Are you waiting for someone?
    5 I need to a phone call.
    6 Do you any sports?
    4 You should your homework now.
    10 Please sure that you have enough money.

    Všimnite si, ako sa anglické sloveso do spája s podstatnými menami končiacimi na -ing (často gerundiom). Vzniká tak veľa užitočných ustálených spojení ako napr. do the washing up - umyť riad, do the cleaning - upratať, Let me do the talking. - Nechaj hovoriť mňa., I did a lot of thinking. - Veľa som premýšľal. ap.

    Exercise 21

    • Povedzte po anglicky. Použite gerundium, kde je to možné.

    8 Mrzí ma, že som to povedal. be sorry for, say that
    10 Chýba mi život na vidieku. miss, live in the country
    3 Je to lepšie než sedieť doma. sit at home
    4 Skúšaj to ďalej! keep, try
    2 Radšej cestujem vlakom. prefer, travel by train
    5 Ona mi stále volá. keep, call, all the time
    6 Kedy to dopíšeš? finish, write
    1 Rád pozeráš televíziu? watch TV
    7 Vieš si predstaviť, že by si tu zostal? imagine, stay
    9 Nezmienil sa, že pôjde do Londýna. mention, go to London

    Sloveso miss možno po slovensky preložiť ako chýbať, treba ale dávať pozor na obrátenie podmetu a predmetu! Napr.: I miss you. - Chýbaš mi., He misses his friends. - Chýbajú mu jeho priatelia., I'm missing two books. - Chýbajú mi dve knihy. Pozor! Podstatné meno Miss je po slovensky slečna (pred menom ap.).

    Exercise 22

    • Vyberte správne slovo podľa výkladu.

    10 If two people were married but they aren't married now, they are: husbands/widowed/divorced
    6 A man who is not married is: free/single/double
    5 A husband and his wife are: married/widowed/single
    8 A child with no parents is: a widow/an orphan/a sibling
    1 Your mother and father are your: siblings/parents/husbands
    2 The mother of your father is your: grandfather/grandmother/daughter
    9 If a woman's husband dies, she is: divorced/an orphan/a widow
    3 If children are brothers or sisters, the are siblings/relatives/married
    7 A person with no siblings is: an only child/a widow/a learner
    4 The son of a man's daughter is his: grandpa/grandparent/grandson

    Exercise 23

    • Doplňte podľa kontextu other, another alebo else.

    7 Is there anything I can do for you?
    8 I'll come time.
    1 Why do you need car?
    9 Nobody knows that.
    4 What things do you like?
    5 Let's go somewhere .
    10 George is just New Yorker visiting London.
    3 What will you need?
    2 What do people think?
    6 We will find some place.

    Koncovka -er sa používa aj na tvorenie názvov obyvateľov istého mesta či miesta. Napr.: Londoner ˈlʌndənə (Londýnčan), New Yorker njuː jɔːkə (Newyorčan), village (dedina) - villager ˈvɪlɪdʒə (dedinčan), island (ostrov) - islander ˈaɪləndə (ostrovan) ap. Nemožno ju však takto použiť vždy! Napr. Parížan je Parisian pəˈrɪzɪən, Riman je Roman ˈrəʊmən ap.

    Exercise 24

    • Preložte.

    18 Nemohol som to nájsť.
    4 Prečo si mi to neposlal?
    8 Kto ti to povedal?
    19 Nebudem môcť prísť.
    11 Nepotrebujem to.
    12 Idem nakupovať.
    2 Mohli by ste mi pomôcť?
    15 Prídem o pol šiestej.
    20 Prezreli sme si pamiatky.
    3 Chodí do práce autom.
    16 Strávili sme týždeň pri mori.
    1 Kde si včera bol?
    13 John tam chodí každý deň.
    17 Museli sme čakať.
    5 Mal som veľa práce.
    9 Vyzerá to dobre.
    6 Ideš s nami?
    14 Nesmie o tom vedieť.
    7 Mal by si jej zavolať.
    10 Koľko to stojí?

    Slovo sightseeing je zloženinou slov sights (pamiatky, pamätihodnosti) a seeing (videnie, pozeranie), teda “prezeranie pamiatok”. Places to visit sú miesta, ktoré sa oplatí navštíviť.