Exercises

Exercise 1

    • Preložte do slovenčiny.

    16 Shall we sit down?
    20 It feels great!
    5 He tries hard to be the best.
    9 Is this your first time here?
    6 It'll be best to take a taxi.
    4 She knew nothing about it.
    19 That sounds interesting.
    3 Tell him not to buy it.
    8 We met several times.
    14 She keeps talking about it.
    15 He doesn't care about her.
    2 Take a look at this!
    7 It was nice meeting you.
    13 Let's go shopping!
    11 I'll pick you up at the airport.
    18 There's no need to worry.
    1 What are you watching?
    17 I spent an hour looking for it.
    10 What time does your plane land?
    12 She never speaks to me.

    Feel je cítiť alebo cítiť sa, ale možno ho použiť aj keď opisujeme, aký pocit niečo vyvoláva. Napr. It feels good. - Je to dobrý pocit., It feels cold. - Chladí to.

    Exercise 2

    • Odpovedzte celou vetou kladne a potom záporne.

    2 Does he know?
    1 Are you hungry?
    10 Am I right?
    8 Should I tell her?
    9 Could he do it for us?
    4 Have you got any money?
    7 Do they agree?
    3 Can they help us?
    6 Will you be there?
    5 Is she coming too?

    Right znamená správny či správne. Možno ho ale tiež použiť v uisťovacích otázkach. Napr. Is that right? - Je to tak? či iba Right? - Že (áno)?

    Exercise 3

    • Tvorte otázky. Pýtajte sa na zvýraznené slová.

    3 They're going to arrange it.
    2 Frank is coming too.
    1 I'm watching the news.
    8 She's afraid of flying.
    10 We got there at seven.
    11 He's got no children.
    6 Only ten people came there.
    4 We'll meet on Wednesday.
    7 Bob broke his leg last week.
    5 It costs twenty dollars.
    12 It's going to take a week.
    9 He goes there twice a week.

    Exercise 4

    • Napíšte po anglicky celými slovami číselné údaje.

    4 3,500
    10 in the 1980s
    2 He was 52nd.
    5 4.6,000,000
    7 35,785
    6 0.05 seconds
    12 phone number 670098883
    8 9,756,004
    9 in the year 2015
    3 246 people
    13 Charles II and Henry VIII
    1 on May 1st and 26th
    11 bus number 102

    V písanej angličtine (hl. v novinách ap.) môžete často v kontexte súm a hodnôt naraziť na skratky K či k pre tisíce (z anglického kilo) a M či m pre milióny million. Napr. They spent $2.5M - “Utratili 2,5 milióna dolárov.”, It cost $15k. - “Stálo to 15 tisíc dolárov.” Podobne sa používa aj skratka B či bn pre miliardy (billion).

    Exercise 5

    • Odpovedzte celou vetou podľa pomôcok.

    6 When is she coming back? on Friday
    7 What did they want? more money
    4 What are we going to do? ask them for help
    9 What did you drink? only tea
    11 Were there any problems? lots of
    5 How much did it cost? 2000 dollars
    3 When did she come back? at 2 a.m.
    10 Did you have a good time? great time
    12 What did she tell you? nothing
    2 How many dogs does she have? 2 dogs
    13 When did you see him? last week
    14 Did you travel by bus? no, hire a car
    8 Did he cause any problems? no problems
    1 How often does he exercise? 3x a week

    Sloveso hire možno v britskej angličtine použiť aj na človeka a vec. V americkej angličtine sa ale hire užíva len na pracovníkov. Na prenájom vecí (požičiavanie za peniaze) sa v USA užíva rent. Napr.: We rented a car. - Požičali sme si auto. ap.

    Exercise 6

    • Tvorte vety opačného významu.

    6 There's too much water.
    7 She's got a lot of friends.
    8 There were more people.
    3 I'm going to tell him.
    10 We'll be able to come.
    9 They could help us.
    5 She doesn't like travelling.
    4 You should eat less meat.
    1 He speaks English.
    2 She should tell them.

    Exercise 7

    • Tvorte oznamovacie vety v prítomnom, budúcom a jednoduchom minulom čase.

    3 she, send us, messages
    4 we, meet, on the bus
    10 the car, be, not expensive
    2 my parents, know
    1 he, speak about it
    7 we, spend weekends abroad
    5 I, give him, the money
    8 our dog, not eat that
    6 she, sit between us
    9 he, not like the food

    Exercise 8

    • Povedzte po anglicky. Využite pomôcky.

    4 Vyzerá to zaujímavo.
    look
    5 Nehovor mu o tom!
    tell
    2 Poďme ku mne (domov)!
    my place
    9 Pekne to vonia.
    smell
    3 Nech mi zavolá! (on)
    let, call
    1 To znie dobre!
    sound
    8 Nehádajme sa!
    let, argue
    7 To bude omnoho lepšie.
    better
    10 To je ale škoda!
    pity
    6 Požiadaj ju, nech príde.
    ask, come

    Exercise 9

    • Upravte vety do času jednoduchého prítomného a jednoduchého minulého.

    9 He's bringing her flowers.
    3 It's snowing.
    2 Bob is trying hard.
    4 She's making dinner.
    5 School is beginning.
    1 She's feeling good.
    8 I'm writing some e-mails.
    6 He's coming.
    10 I'm drinking beer.
    7 She's sleeping late.

    Exercise 10

    • Doplňte 2. alebo 3. stupeň prídavných mien.

    1 He's tall but he isn't the boy in the family.
    10 You didn't try enough. You must try next time.
    9 He tried so hard. He really did his .
    11 He's good at tennis, but I am much .
    4 That house is expensive, but this house is much .
    3 He may be fast, but he isn't the in the world.
    2 My dog is big, but his dog is even .
    6 It's such a bad film! I think it's the film of all.
    7 Jane is so beautiful. She's the girl that I know.
    12 There were only 9 people last time, but today there are even .
    5 My idea was bad but his idea is even .
    8 It's very dangerous. You should be careful.

    Pozor na predložku: be good at ... - byť dobrý v... Napr.: He's good at it. - Ide mu to., Je v tom dobrý., I'm really bad at that. - To mi vôbec nejde. Slovo even sa používa na zdôraznenie ako slovenské ešte alebo dokonca či v zápore ani. Napr. He didn't even say goodbye. - Ani sa nerozlúčil. ap.

    Exercise 11

    • Použite gerundium na vytvorenie vety s rovnakým významom.

    9 I dislike it when I have to wait.
    11 She works hard and she enjoys it.
    7 It should be easy to repair.
    2 They love to sing.
    6 He hates it when he gets up early.
    1 He likes to play games.
    4 He continued to read.
    5 We love it when we go out.
    8 It will be hard to solve.
    10 I hate it when people lie to me.
    12 I can remember that he told her.
    3 Music started to play.

    Exercise 12

    • Preložte. Sústreďte sa na predložky.

    9 He sits in front of the TV.
    2 You are among friends.
    4 people aged between 30 and 50
    6 I'll wait outside the shop.
    14 Someone's knocking at the door.
    1 She left for work an hour ago.
    7 What else do you like besides watching TV?
    11 You can't take it on the plane.
    12 Go down this road.
    8 He lives in the flat above me.
    3 It's just around the corner.
    5 The worst is behind us.
    10 I'm ready for anything.
    13 We are open from 8 a.m. to 6 p.m.

    Zaklopať na niečo je síce po anglicky to knock on, napr. He knocked on the door., ale pokiaľ niekto stojí pri dverách a klope, použije sa bežne aj at the door. Fráza to answer the door potom znamená: (ísť) otvoriť (niekomu, kto klope, zvoní).

    Exercise 13

    • Vyberte správnu predložku.

    3 It's freezing outside. The temperature is under/below/behind zero.
    5 She asked me to/at/for it and I gave it for/to/at her.
    2 It's (a) quarter to/at/from six.
    9 My birthday is at/on/in 3rd March.
    8 Walk over/through/by the bridge and then turn left.
    11 What are you doing in/at/on Friday?
    4 There are lots of people at/in/about the streets.
    7 She's afraid to/of/about flying.
    1 We'll meet at half to/after/past seven in/at/to my place.
    10 We were at/in/on the seaside not on/in/at the mountains.
    13 Meet me on/to/at the airport in/at/on eight o'clock.
    12 I'll make a reservation in/at/to the Marriott Hotel.
    6 We often meet at/on/inside the bus or in/on/at the bus stop.

    Príkaz: Meet me ... možno preložiť ako Stretneme sa... (tam a tam).

    Užitočná fráza: without somebody's knowing - bez niečieho vedomia. Napr.: He did it without my knowing. - Urobil to bez môjho vedomia.

    Exercise 15

    • Spojte súvisiace výroky.

    • 1 Why did Jane leave?
    • 2 Can we go now?
    • 3 Did you tell anybody?
    • 4 Did you speak to Bob?
    • 5 Where did you meet?
    • 6 How often do you go there?
    • 7 Will you come to the party?
    • 8 Did you go on holiday?
    • 9 Does he have any siblings?
    • 10 How much did it cost?
    • a No, I told nobody.
    • h It wasn't very expensive.
    • c She had to go to work.
    • i Usually twice a week.
    • j No, he's an only child.
    • d Yes, we went on a road trip.
    • b We met on the bus.
    • e No, I won't be able to.
    • f No, we'll have to wait.
    • g Yes, I spoke to him last week.

    Road trip rəʊdtrɪp je dlhšia cesta pre zábavu podniknutá hl. autom. Napr.: We went on a road trip around the US. - Obišli sme autom USA.

    Exercise 16

    • Vyberte správne slovo.

    18 Are there any other/another ideas?
    8 I have only little/a few friends.
    11 There are little/few cars in the streets.
    2 He doesn't eat many/much meat.
    4 I tried it many/much times.
    7 There were less/fewer people.
    13 He made much/many mistakes.
    15 He causes too many/much trouble.
    14 There was few/little rain last year.
    3 There will be many/much people.
    12 I speak very little/few English.
    17 He should get other/another chance.
    5 There wasn't very/much time.
    10 How many/much water do you drink every day?
    16 It'll be many/much better.
    19 How many/much beers did you have?
    1 How many/much will it cost?
    6 That's too much/many money.
    9 It should take only little/few time.

    Látkové podstatné mená ako tea, coffee, beer ap., sú síce všeobecne nepočítateľné, ale ak hovoríme o konkrétnych porciách, druhoch ap., ide už o slovo počítateľné. Takže napr.: You drink too much coffee., ale I had too many coffees., podobne I drank too much beer., ale How many beers did you have? ap.

    Exercise 17

    • Preložte pomocou účelového neurčitku.

    2 Povedz jej, nech počká. tell, wait
    12 Beriem si taxík, aby som neprišiel neskoro. take, taxi, be late
    3 Volám, aby som ti povedal... call, tell
    11 Zavolám bratovi, aby ma odviezol na letisko. call, take, to the airport
    8 Chcem, aby si to urobil hneď. want you, do, right now
    4 Aby si mal peniaze, musíš pracovať. work, have money
    1 Požiadaj ho, aby mi to poslal. ask, send
    5 Som tu, aby som sa s ňou porozprával. speak to
    6 Potrebujem, aby si mi pomohol. need you, help
    13 Žiadala ma, aby som jej dal ďalšiu šancu. ask, give, chance
    10 Musíme sa poponáhľať, aby sme tam boli včas. hurry, in time
    7 Povedz im, aby na nás nečakali. tell, wait
    9 Učím sa po anglicky, aby som rozumel cudzincom. learn, understand, foreigner

    By chance znamená náhodou. They met by chance. - Stretli sa náhodou.

    Exercise 18

    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    1 If you eat too much, you will be smart/fat/rich.
    9 If you drink 5 beers, you'll be tall/drunk/broken.
    5 How can he know that if somebody/nobody/everybody told him?
    3 If he's so smart, why isn't he tall/rich/broken?
    11 If you don't have a phone, you can use my/me/mine.
    2 If you aren't sure, you had/should/shall ask somebody.
    7 If you don't know what to do, ask everybody/somebody/nobody.
    12 If it's expensive/broken/lost, someone should repair it.
    8 It's early. If you call him now, you'll spend/wake/keep him.
    6 She'll like you more if you leave/quit/let smoking.
    13 Don't open the door unless you feel/know/smell the person behind it.
    4 If it is hot/cold/late, I will wear a coat.
    10 If you're tired, you should have a look/rest/pity.

    Nezamieňajte anglické feel (cítiť - dotykom, mať pocit) a smell (cítiť čuchom)! Napr.: Can you smell it? - “Cítiš to?”. Sloveso smell of ... je v angličtine všeobecne neutrálne (znamená byť cítiť čím) napr. It smells of petrol. - “Je to cítiť benzínom.”, smell good/nice je voňať a smell bad je páchnuť, smrdieť. V niektorých prípadoch však má už samotné smell negatívny kontext. Napr.: Your feet smell! - “Smrdia ti nohy!”, His breath smells. - “Páchne mu z úst.” ap.

    Exercise 19

    • Doplňte slova: soon, early, late, later, in time

    1 He just left for a minute. He should be back .
    2 Last time he was late and today he's . He's never on time.
    3 I'm leaving home now. I'll be there .
    8 She lived there in the 1990s. It was around 1992.
    10 We agreed to meet at 6 and it's 6:20. You are again!
    5 He'll call me in an hour, so we should know .
    9 Please let me know as as possible!
    4 I have no time now. I'll look at it .
    7 He went to bed late. Don't wake him too .
    6 I hate people being late, so be there .

    Agree with... je súhlasiť s..., ale spojenie: agree on ... alebo tiež agree to (do) ... znamená skôr dohodnúť sa na... (niečom). Agreed! əˈgriːd je po slovensky Platí!, Dohodnuté! či Súhlasím!

    Exercise 20

    • Doplňte podľa kontextu tvary slovesa do alebo make.

    5 I need to a phone call.
    4 You should your homework now.
    2 What are you here? Are you waiting for someone?
    1 You are a big mistake!
    7 It doesn't sense. I get it.
    3 She's dinner just now.
    15 Stop fun of me!
    10 Please sure that you have enough money.
    8 How much money does he ?
    14 He it to her happy.
    9 Can you a reservation for me? I'll my best.
    13 We're late but we can still it in time.
    6 Do you any sports?
    12 Who's going to the shopping?
    11 I only have 10 dollars. Will it ? - No, it costs 15 dollars.

    Všimnite si, ako sa anglické sloveso do spája s podstatnými menami končiacimi na -ing (často gerundiom). Vzniká tak veľa užitočných ustálených spojení ako napr. do the washing up - umyť riad, do the cleaning - upratať, Let me do the talking. - Nechaj hovoriť mňa., I did a lot of thinking. - Veľa som premýšľal. ap.

    Exercise 21

    • Povedzte po anglicky. Použite gerundium, kde je to možné.

    8 Mrzí ma, že som to povedal. be sorry for, say that
    4 Skúšaj to ďalej! keep, try
    9 Nezmienil sa, že pôjde do Londýna. mention, go to London
    7 Vieš si predstaviť, že by si tu zostal? imagine, stay
    2 Radšej cestujem vlakom. prefer, travel by train
    1 Rád pozeráš televíziu? watch TV
    6 Kedy to dopíšeš? finish, write
    5 Ona mi stále volá. keep, call, all the time
    3 Je to lepšie než sedieť doma. sit at home
    10 Chýba mi život na vidieku. miss, live in the country

    Sloveso miss možno po slovensky preložiť ako chýbať, treba ale dávať pozor na obrátenie podmetu a predmetu! Napr.: I miss you. - Chýbaš mi., He misses his friends. - Chýbajú mu jeho priatelia., I'm missing two books. - Chýbajú mi dve knihy. Pozor! Podstatné meno Miss je po slovensky slečna (pred menom ap.).

    Exercise 22

    • Vyberte správne slovo podľa výkladu.

    3 If children are brothers or sisters, the are siblings/relatives/married
    2 The mother of your father is your: grandfather/grandmother/daughter
    4 The son of a man's daughter is his: grandpa/grandparent/grandson
    6 A man who is not married is: free/single/double
    8 A child with no parents is: a widow/an orphan/a sibling
    5 A husband and his wife are: married/widowed/single
    7 A person with no siblings is: an only child/a widow/a learner
    9 If a woman's husband dies, she is: divorced/an orphan/a widow
    10 If two people were married but they aren't married now, they are: husbands/widowed/divorced
    1 Your mother and father are your: siblings/parents/husbands

    Exercise 23

    • Doplňte podľa kontextu other, another alebo else.

    5 Let's go somewhere .
    9 Nobody knows that.
    2 What do people think?
    6 We will find some place.
    7 Is there anything I can do for you?
    3 What will you need?
    8 I'll come time.
    4 What things do you like?
    1 Why do you need car?
    10 George is just New Yorker visiting London.

    Koncovka -er sa používa aj na tvorenie názvov obyvateľov istého mesta či miesta. Napr.: Londoner ˈlʌndənə (Londýnčan), New Yorker njuː jɔːkə (Newyorčan), village (dedina) - villager ˈvɪlɪdʒə (dedinčan), island (ostrov) - islander ˈaɪləndə (ostrovan) ap. Nemožno ju však takto použiť vždy! Napr. Parížan je Parisian pəˈrɪzɪən, Riman je Roman ˈrəʊmən ap.

    Exercise 24

    • Preložte.

    19 Nebudem môcť prísť.
    13 John tam chodí každý deň.
    2 Mohli by ste mi pomôcť?
    14 Nesmie o tom vedieť.
    1 Kde si včera bol?
    18 Nemohol som to nájsť.
    20 Prezreli sme si pamiatky.
    5 Mal som veľa práce.
    7 Mal by si jej zavolať.
    12 Idem nakupovať.
    16 Strávili sme týždeň pri mori.
    6 Ideš s nami?
    4 Prečo si mi to neposlal?
    8 Kto ti to povedal?
    9 Vyzerá to dobre.
    11 Nepotrebujem to.
    10 Koľko to stojí?
    3 Chodí do práce autom.
    15 Prídem o pol šiestej.
    17 Museli sme čakať.

    Slovo sightseeing je zloženinou slov sights (pamiatky, pamätihodnosti) a seeing (videnie, pozeranie), teda “prezeranie pamiatok”. Places to visit sú miesta, ktoré sa oplatí navštíviť.