Exercises

Exercise 1

    • Preložte do slovenčiny.

    4 She knew nothing about it.
    14 She keeps talking about it.
    8 We met several times.
    17 I spent an hour looking for it.
    15 He doesn't care about her.
    5 He tries hard to be the best.
    6 It'll be best to take a taxi.
    11 I'll pick you up at the airport.
    10 What time does your plane land?
    19 That sounds interesting.
    12 She never speaks to me.
    13 Let's go shopping!
    1 What are you watching?
    9 Is this your first time here?
    16 Shall we sit down?
    7 It was nice meeting you.
    18 There's no need to worry.
    2 Take a look at this!
    3 Tell him not to buy it.
    20 It feels great!

    Feel je cítiť alebo cítiť sa, ale možno ho použiť aj keď opisujeme, aký pocit niečo vyvoláva. Napr. It feels good. - Je to dobrý pocit., It feels cold. - Chladí to.

    Exercise 2

    • Odpovedzte celou vetou kladne a potom záporne.

    4 Have you got any money?
    7 Do they agree?
    1 Are you hungry?
    5 Is she coming too?
    3 Can they help us?
    10 Am I right?
    9 Could he do it for us?
    6 Will you be there?
    8 Should I tell her?
    2 Does he know?

    Right znamená správny či správne. Možno ho ale tiež použiť v uisťovacích otázkach. Napr. Is that right? - Je to tak? či iba Right? - Že (áno)?

    Exercise 3

    • Tvorte otázky. Pýtajte sa na zvýraznené slová.

    3 They're going to arrange it.
    4 We'll meet on Wednesday.
    1 I'm watching the news.
    9 He goes there twice a week.
    8 She's afraid of flying.
    11 He's got no children.
    10 We got there at seven.
    5 It costs twenty dollars.
    12 It's going to take a week.
    2 Frank is coming too.
    6 Only ten people came there.
    7 Bob broke his leg last week.

    Exercise 4

    • Napíšte po anglicky celými slovami číselné údaje.

    8 9,756,004
    5 4.6,000,000
    11 bus number 102
    2 He was 52nd.
    1 on May 1st and 26th
    4 3,500
    3 246 people
    7 35,785
    10 in the 1980s
    9 in the year 2015
    12 phone number 670098883
    6 0.05 seconds
    13 Charles II and Henry VIII

    V písanej angličtine (hl. v novinách ap.) môžete často v kontexte súm a hodnôt naraziť na skratky K či k pre tisíce (z anglického kilo) a M či m pre milióny million. Napr. They spent $2.5M - “Utratili 2,5 milióna dolárov.”, It cost $15k. - “Stálo to 15 tisíc dolárov.” Podobne sa používa aj skratka B či bn pre miliardy (billion).

    Exercise 5

    • Odpovedzte celou vetou podľa pomôcok.

    14 Did you travel by bus? no, hire a car
    6 When is she coming back? on Friday
    5 How much did it cost? 2000 dollars
    7 What did they want? more money
    1 How often does he exercise? 3x a week
    12 What did she tell you? nothing
    10 Did you have a good time? great time
    9 What did you drink? only tea
    3 When did she come back? at 2 a.m.
    11 Were there any problems? lots of
    4 What are we going to do? ask them for help
    8 Did he cause any problems? no problems
    13 When did you see him? last week
    2 How many dogs does she have? 2 dogs

    Sloveso hire možno v britskej angličtine použiť aj na človeka a vec. V americkej angličtine sa ale hire užíva len na pracovníkov. Na prenájom vecí (požičiavanie za peniaze) sa v USA užíva rent. Napr.: We rented a car. - Požičali sme si auto. ap.

    Exercise 6

    • Tvorte vety opačného významu.

    4 You should eat less meat.
    10 We'll be able to come.
    2 She should tell them.
    3 I'm going to tell him.
    9 They could help us.
    6 There's too much water.
    7 She's got a lot of friends.
    1 He speaks English.
    5 She doesn't like travelling.
    8 There were more people.

    Exercise 7

    • Tvorte oznamovacie vety v prítomnom, budúcom a jednoduchom minulom čase.

    2 my parents, know
    8 our dog, not eat that
    3 she, send us, messages
    7 we, spend weekends abroad
    9 he, not like the food
    4 we, meet, on the bus
    5 I, give him, the money
    6 she, sit between us
    1 he, speak about it
    10 the car, be, not expensive

    Exercise 8

    • Povedzte po anglicky. Využite pomôcky.

    4 Vyzerá to zaujímavo.
    look
    1 To znie dobre!
    sound
    5 Nehovor mu o tom!
    tell
    10 To je ale škoda!
    pity
    9 Pekne to vonia.
    smell
    3 Nech mi zavolá! (on)
    let, call
    6 Požiadaj ju, nech príde.
    ask, come
    2 Poďme ku mne (domov)!
    my place
    8 Nehádajme sa!
    let, argue
    7 To bude omnoho lepšie.
    better

    Exercise 9

    • Upravte vety do času jednoduchého prítomného a jednoduchého minulého.

    7 She's sleeping late.
    4 She's making dinner.
    9 He's bringing her flowers.
    8 I'm writing some e-mails.
    5 School is beginning.
    10 I'm drinking beer.
    2 Bob is trying hard.
    6 He's coming.
    3 It's snowing.
    1 She's feeling good.

    Exercise 10

    • Doplňte 2. alebo 3. stupeň prídavných mien.

    2 My dog is big, but his dog is even .
    3 He may be fast, but he isn't the in the world.
    4 That house is expensive, but this house is much .
    6 It's such a bad film! I think it's the film of all.
    7 Jane is so beautiful. She's the girl that I know.
    11 He's good at tennis, but I am much .
    5 My idea was bad but his idea is even .
    8 It's very dangerous. You should be careful.
    9 He tried so hard. He really did his .
    1 He's tall but he isn't the boy in the family.
    10 You didn't try enough. You must try next time.
    12 There were only 9 people last time, but today there are even .

    Pozor na predložku: be good at ... - byť dobrý v... Napr.: He's good at it. - Ide mu to., Je v tom dobrý., I'm really bad at that. - To mi vôbec nejde. Slovo even sa používa na zdôraznenie ako slovenské ešte alebo dokonca či v zápore ani. Napr. He didn't even say goodbye. - Ani sa nerozlúčil. ap.

    Exercise 11

    • Použite gerundium na vytvorenie vety s rovnakým významom.

    4 He continued to read.
    10 I hate it when people lie to me.
    11 She works hard and she enjoys it.
    3 Music started to play.
    2 They love to sing.
    6 He hates it when he gets up early.
    12 I can remember that he told her.
    9 I dislike it when I have to wait.
    7 It should be easy to repair.
    8 It will be hard to solve.
    5 We love it when we go out.
    1 He likes to play games.

    Exercise 12

    • Preložte. Sústreďte sa na predložky.

    14 Someone's knocking at the door.
    9 He sits in front of the TV.
    11 You can't take it on the plane.
    3 It's just around the corner.
    2 You are among friends.
    12 Go down this road.
    4 people aged between 30 and 50
    7 What else do you like besides watching TV?
    5 The worst is behind us.
    1 She left for work an hour ago.
    13 We are open from 8 a.m. to 6 p.m.
    6 I'll wait outside the shop.
    10 I'm ready for anything.
    8 He lives in the flat above me.

    Zaklopať na niečo je síce po anglicky to knock on, napr. He knocked on the door., ale pokiaľ niekto stojí pri dverách a klope, použije sa bežne aj at the door. Fráza to answer the door potom znamená: (ísť) otvoriť (niekomu, kto klope, zvoní).

    Exercise 13

    • Vyberte správnu predložku.

    11 What are you doing in/at/on Friday?
    4 There are lots of people at/in/about the streets.
    6 We often meet at/on/inside the bus or in/on/at the bus stop.
    10 We were at/in/on the seaside not on/in/at the mountains.
    7 She's afraid to/of/about flying.
    8 Walk over/through/by the bridge and then turn left.
    5 She asked me to/at/for it and I gave it for/to/at her.
    2 It's (a) quarter to/at/from six.
    12 I'll make a reservation in/at/to the Marriott Hotel.
    3 It's freezing outside. The temperature is under/below/behind zero.
    1 We'll meet at half to/after/past seven in/at/to my place.
    9 My birthday is at/on/in 3rd March.
    13 Meet me on/to/at the airport in/at/on eight o'clock.

    Príkaz: Meet me ... možno preložiť ako Stretneme sa... (tam a tam).

    Užitočná fráza: without somebody's knowing - bez niečieho vedomia. Napr.: He did it without my knowing. - Urobil to bez môjho vedomia.

    Exercise 15

    • Spojte súvisiace výroky.

    • 1 Why did Jane leave?
    • 2 Can we go now?
    • 3 Did you tell anybody?
    • 4 Did you speak to Bob?
    • 5 Where did you meet?
    • 6 How often do you go there?
    • 7 Will you come to the party?
    • 8 Did you go on holiday?
    • 9 Does he have any siblings?
    • 10 How much did it cost?
    • a No, I told nobody.
    • b We met on the bus.
    • h It wasn't very expensive.
    • j No, he's an only child.
    • i Usually twice a week.
    • c She had to go to work.
    • g Yes, I spoke to him last week.
    • d Yes, we went on a road trip.
    • e No, I won't be able to.
    • f No, we'll have to wait.

    Road trip rəʊdtrɪp je dlhšia cesta pre zábavu podniknutá hl. autom. Napr.: We went on a road trip around the US. - Obišli sme autom USA.

    Exercise 16

    • Vyberte správne slovo.

    16 It'll be many/much better.
    3 There will be many/much people.
    9 It should take only little/few time.
    17 He should get other/another chance.
    8 I have only little/a few friends.
    5 There wasn't very/much time.
    7 There were less/fewer people.
    13 He made much/many mistakes.
    4 I tried it many/much times.
    11 There are little/few cars in the streets.
    18 Are there any other/another ideas?
    19 How many/much beers did you have?
    14 There was few/little rain last year.
    6 That's too much/many money.
    12 I speak very little/few English.
    1 How many/much will it cost?
    2 He doesn't eat many/much meat.
    10 How many/much water do you drink every day?
    15 He causes too many/much trouble.

    Látkové podstatné mená ako tea, coffee, beer ap., sú síce všeobecne nepočítateľné, ale ak hovoríme o konkrétnych porciách, druhoch ap., ide už o slovo počítateľné. Takže napr.: You drink too much coffee., ale I had too many coffees., podobne I drank too much beer., ale How many beers did you have? ap.

    Exercise 17

    • Preložte pomocou účelového neurčitku.

    1 Požiadaj ho, aby mi to poslal. ask, send
    4 Aby si mal peniaze, musíš pracovať. work, have money
    9 Učím sa po anglicky, aby som rozumel cudzincom. learn, understand, foreigner
    6 Potrebujem, aby si mi pomohol. need you, help
    5 Som tu, aby som sa s ňou porozprával. speak to
    8 Chcem, aby si to urobil hneď. want you, do, right now
    11 Zavolám bratovi, aby ma odviezol na letisko. call, take, to the airport
    3 Volám, aby som ti povedal... call, tell
    10 Musíme sa poponáhľať, aby sme tam boli včas. hurry, in time
    12 Beriem si taxík, aby som neprišiel neskoro. take, taxi, be late
    7 Povedz im, aby na nás nečakali. tell, wait
    13 Žiadala ma, aby som jej dal ďalšiu šancu. ask, give, chance
    2 Povedz jej, nech počká. tell, wait

    By chance znamená náhodou. They met by chance. - Stretli sa náhodou.

    Exercise 18

    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    4 If it is hot/cold/late, I will wear a coat.
    5 How can he know that if somebody/nobody/everybody told him?
    1 If you eat too much, you will be smart/fat/rich.
    12 If it's expensive/broken/lost, someone should repair it.
    3 If he's so smart, why isn't he tall/rich/broken?
    10 If you're tired, you should have a look/rest/pity.
    9 If you drink 5 beers, you'll be tall/drunk/broken.
    6 She'll like you more if you leave/quit/let smoking.
    2 If you aren't sure, you had/should/shall ask somebody.
    7 If you don't know what to do, ask everybody/somebody/nobody.
    11 If you don't have a phone, you can use my/me/mine.
    8 It's early. If you call him now, you'll spend/wake/keep him.
    13 Don't open the door unless you feel/know/smell the person behind it.

    Nezamieňajte anglické feel (cítiť - dotykom, mať pocit) a smell (cítiť čuchom)! Napr.: Can you smell it? - “Cítiš to?”. Sloveso smell of ... je v angličtine všeobecne neutrálne (znamená byť cítiť čím) napr. It smells of petrol. - “Je to cítiť benzínom.”, smell good/nice je voňať a smell bad je páchnuť, smrdieť. V niektorých prípadoch však má už samotné smell negatívny kontext. Napr.: Your feet smell! - “Smrdia ti nohy!”, His breath smells. - “Páchne mu z úst.” ap.

    Exercise 19

    • Doplňte slova: soon, early, late, later, in time

    2 Last time he was late and today he's . He's never on time.
    3 I'm leaving home now. I'll be there .
    5 He'll call me in an hour, so we should know .
    9 Please let me know as as possible!
    6 I hate people being late, so be there .
    10 We agreed to meet at 6 and it's 6:20. You are again!
    4 I have no time now. I'll look at it .
    1 He just left for a minute. He should be back .
    8 She lived there in the 1990s. It was around 1992.
    7 He went to bed late. Don't wake him too .

    Agree with... je súhlasiť s..., ale spojenie: agree on ... alebo tiež agree to (do) ... znamená skôr dohodnúť sa na... (niečom). Agreed! əˈgriːd je po slovensky Platí!, Dohodnuté! či Súhlasím!

    Exercise 20

    • Doplňte podľa kontextu tvary slovesa do alebo make.

    14 He it to her happy.
    6 Do you any sports?
    10 Please sure that you have enough money.
    11 I only have 10 dollars. Will it ? - No, it costs 15 dollars.
    5 I need to a phone call.
    1 You are a big mistake!
    4 You should your homework now.
    8 How much money does he ?
    2 What are you here? Are you waiting for someone?
    3 She's dinner just now.
    12 Who's going to the shopping?
    7 It doesn't sense. I get it.
    13 We're late but we can still it in time.
    9 Can you a reservation for me? I'll my best.
    15 Stop fun of me!

    Všimnite si, ako sa anglické sloveso do spája s podstatnými menami končiacimi na -ing (často gerundiom). Vzniká tak veľa užitočných ustálených spojení ako napr. do the washing up - umyť riad, do the cleaning - upratať, Let me do the talking. - Nechaj hovoriť mňa., I did a lot of thinking. - Veľa som premýšľal. ap.

    Exercise 21

    • Povedzte po anglicky. Použite gerundium, kde je to možné.

    10 Chýba mi život na vidieku. miss, live in the country
    6 Kedy to dopíšeš? finish, write
    9 Nezmienil sa, že pôjde do Londýna. mention, go to London
    7 Vieš si predstaviť, že by si tu zostal? imagine, stay
    1 Rád pozeráš televíziu? watch TV
    4 Skúšaj to ďalej! keep, try
    2 Radšej cestujem vlakom. prefer, travel by train
    3 Je to lepšie než sedieť doma. sit at home
    5 Ona mi stále volá. keep, call, all the time
    8 Mrzí ma, že som to povedal. be sorry for, say that

    Sloveso miss možno po slovensky preložiť ako chýbať, treba ale dávať pozor na obrátenie podmetu a predmetu! Napr.: I miss you. - Chýbaš mi., He misses his friends. - Chýbajú mu jeho priatelia., I'm missing two books. - Chýbajú mi dve knihy. Pozor! Podstatné meno Miss je po slovensky slečna (pred menom ap.).

    Exercise 22

    • Vyberte správne slovo podľa výkladu.

    2 The mother of your father is your: grandfather/grandmother/daughter
    8 A child with no parents is: a widow/an orphan/a sibling
    7 A person with no siblings is: an only child/a widow/a learner
    3 If children are brothers or sisters, the are siblings/relatives/married
    9 If a woman's husband dies, she is: divorced/an orphan/a widow
    6 A man who is not married is: free/single/double
    1 Your mother and father are your: siblings/parents/husbands
    5 A husband and his wife are: married/widowed/single
    4 The son of a man's daughter is his: grandpa/grandparent/grandson
    10 If two people were married but they aren't married now, they are: husbands/widowed/divorced

    Exercise 23

    • Doplňte podľa kontextu other, another alebo else.

    8 I'll come time.
    3 What will you need?
    7 Is there anything I can do for you?
    5 Let's go somewhere .
    4 What things do you like?
    2 What do people think?
    1 Why do you need car?
    9 Nobody knows that.
    6 We will find some place.
    10 George is just New Yorker visiting London.

    Koncovka -er sa používa aj na tvorenie názvov obyvateľov istého mesta či miesta. Napr.: Londoner ˈlʌndənə (Londýnčan), New Yorker njuː jɔːkə (Newyorčan), village (dedina) - villager ˈvɪlɪdʒə (dedinčan), island (ostrov) - islander ˈaɪləndə (ostrovan) ap. Nemožno ju však takto použiť vždy! Napr. Parížan je Parisian pəˈrɪzɪən, Riman je Roman ˈrəʊmən ap.

    Exercise 24

    • Preložte.

    2 Mohli by ste mi pomôcť?
    9 Vyzerá to dobre.
    6 Ideš s nami?
    12 Idem nakupovať.
    14 Nesmie o tom vedieť.
    10 Koľko to stojí?
    1 Kde si včera bol?
    13 John tam chodí každý deň.
    18 Nemohol som to nájsť.
    3 Chodí do práce autom.
    16 Strávili sme týždeň pri mori.
    17 Museli sme čakať.
    8 Kto ti to povedal?
    4 Prečo si mi to neposlal?
    11 Nepotrebujem to.
    7 Mal by si jej zavolať.
    19 Nebudem môcť prísť.
    15 Prídem o pol šiestej.
    5 Mal som veľa práce.
    20 Prezreli sme si pamiatky.

    Slovo sightseeing je zloženinou slov sights (pamiatky, pamätihodnosti) a seeing (videnie, pozeranie), teda “prezeranie pamiatok”. Places to visit sú miesta, ktoré sa oplatí navštíviť.