Exercises

Exercise 1

    • Preložte do slovenčiny.

    3 Tell him not to buy it.
    20 It feels great!
    1 What are you watching?
    5 He tries hard to be the best.
    17 I spent an hour looking for it.
    13 Let's go shopping!
    6 It'll be best to take a taxi.
    11 I'll pick you up at the airport.
    2 Take a look at this!
    18 There's no need to worry.
    4 She knew nothing about it.
    15 He doesn't care about her.
    7 It was nice meeting you.
    10 What time does your plane land?
    19 That sounds interesting.
    8 We met several times.
    9 Is this your first time here?
    14 She keeps talking about it.
    16 Shall we sit down?
    12 She never speaks to me.

    Feel je cítiť alebo cítiť sa, ale možno ho použiť aj keď opisujeme, aký pocit niečo vyvoláva. Napr. It feels good. - Je to dobrý pocit., It feels cold. - Chladí to.

    Exercise 2

    • Odpovedzte celou vetou kladne a potom záporne.

    3 Can they help us?
    10 Am I right?
    4 Have you got any money?
    8 Should I tell her?
    2 Does he know?
    5 Is she coming too?
    7 Do they agree?
    6 Will you be there?
    9 Could he do it for us?
    1 Are you hungry?

    Right znamená správny či správne. Možno ho ale tiež použiť v uisťovacích otázkach. Napr. Is that right? - Je to tak? či iba Right? - Že (áno)?

    Exercise 3

    • Tvorte otázky. Pýtajte sa na zvýraznené slová.

    3 They're going to arrange it.
    1 I'm watching the news.
    7 Bob broke his leg last week.
    6 Only ten people came there.
    8 She's afraid of flying.
    2 Frank is coming too.
    12 It's going to take a week.
    4 We'll meet on Wednesday.
    11 He's got no children.
    10 We got there at seven.
    5 It costs twenty dollars.
    9 He goes there twice a week.

    Exercise 4

    • Napíšte po anglicky celými slovami číselné údaje.

    3 246 people
    9 in the year 2015
    13 Charles II and Henry VIII
    1 on May 1st and 26th
    5 4.6,000,000
    6 0.05 seconds
    10 in the 1980s
    2 He was 52nd.
    8 9,756,004
    4 3,500
    12 phone number 670098883
    7 35,785
    11 bus number 102

    V písanej angličtine (hl. v novinách ap.) môžete často v kontexte súm a hodnôt naraziť na skratky K či k pre tisíce (z anglického kilo) a M či m pre milióny million. Napr. They spent $2.5M - “Utratili 2,5 milióna dolárov.”, It cost $15k. - “Stálo to 15 tisíc dolárov.” Podobne sa používa aj skratka B či bn pre miliardy (billion).

    Exercise 5

    • Odpovedzte celou vetou podľa pomôcok.

    2 How many dogs does she have? 2 dogs
    5 How much did it cost? 2000 dollars
    9 What did you drink? only tea
    14 Did you travel by bus? no, hire a car
    8 Did he cause any problems? no problems
    6 When is she coming back? on Friday
    1 How often does he exercise? 3x a week
    7 What did they want? more money
    13 When did you see him? last week
    4 What are we going to do? ask them for help
    3 When did she come back? at 2 a.m.
    10 Did you have a good time? great time
    12 What did she tell you? nothing
    11 Were there any problems? lots of

    Sloveso hire možno v britskej angličtine použiť aj na človeka a vec. V americkej angličtine sa ale hire užíva len na pracovníkov. Na prenájom vecí (požičiavanie za peniaze) sa v USA užíva rent. Napr.: We rented a car. - Požičali sme si auto. ap.

    Exercise 6

    • Tvorte vety opačného významu.

    7 She's got a lot of friends.
    3 I'm going to tell him.
    1 He speaks English.
    8 There were more people.
    4 You should eat less meat.
    10 We'll be able to come.
    6 There's too much water.
    2 She should tell them.
    9 They could help us.
    5 She doesn't like travelling.

    Exercise 7

    • Tvorte oznamovacie vety v prítomnom, budúcom a jednoduchom minulom čase.

    1 he, speak about it
    7 we, spend weekends abroad
    6 she, sit between us
    5 I, give him, the money
    2 my parents, know
    9 he, not like the food
    4 we, meet, on the bus
    8 our dog, not eat that
    10 the car, be, not expensive
    3 she, send us, messages

    Exercise 8

    • Povedzte po anglicky. Využite pomôcky.

    7 To bude omnoho lepšie.
    better
    1 To znie dobre!
    sound
    4 Vyzerá to zaujímavo.
    look
    6 Požiadaj ju, nech príde.
    ask, come
    5 Nehovor mu o tom!
    tell
    9 Pekne to vonia.
    smell
    8 Nehádajme sa!
    let, argue
    2 Poďme ku mne (domov)!
    my place
    10 To je ale škoda!
    pity
    3 Nech mi zavolá! (on)
    let, call

    Exercise 9

    • Upravte vety do času jednoduchého prítomného a jednoduchého minulého.

    5 School is beginning.
    8 I'm writing some e-mails.
    6 He's coming.
    10 I'm drinking beer.
    7 She's sleeping late.
    1 She's feeling good.
    9 He's bringing her flowers.
    2 Bob is trying hard.
    3 It's snowing.
    4 She's making dinner.

    Exercise 10

    • Doplňte 2. alebo 3. stupeň prídavných mien.

    1 He's tall but he isn't the boy in the family.
    2 My dog is big, but his dog is even .
    5 My idea was bad but his idea is even .
    4 That house is expensive, but this house is much .
    9 He tried so hard. He really did his .
    3 He may be fast, but he isn't the in the world.
    12 There were only 9 people last time, but today there are even .
    7 Jane is so beautiful. She's the girl that I know.
    8 It's very dangerous. You should be careful.
    11 He's good at tennis, but I am much .
    10 You didn't try enough. You must try next time.
    6 It's such a bad film! I think it's the film of all.

    Pozor na predložku: be good at ... - byť dobrý v... Napr.: He's good at it. - Ide mu to., Je v tom dobrý., I'm really bad at that. - To mi vôbec nejde. Slovo even sa používa na zdôraznenie ako slovenské ešte alebo dokonca či v zápore ani. Napr. He didn't even say goodbye. - Ani sa nerozlúčil. ap.

    Exercise 11

    • Použite gerundium na vytvorenie vety s rovnakým významom.

    6 He hates it when he gets up early.
    5 We love it when we go out.
    8 It will be hard to solve.
    3 Music started to play.
    10 I hate it when people lie to me.
    12 I can remember that he told her.
    1 He likes to play games.
    7 It should be easy to repair.
    11 She works hard and she enjoys it.
    2 They love to sing.
    4 He continued to read.
    9 I dislike it when I have to wait.

    Exercise 12

    • Preložte. Sústreďte sa na predložky.

    5 The worst is behind us.
    2 You are among friends.
    10 I'm ready for anything.
    4 people aged between 30 and 50
    7 What else do you like besides watching TV?
    3 It's just around the corner.
    1 She left for work an hour ago.
    11 You can't take it on the plane.
    13 We are open from 8 a.m. to 6 p.m.
    14 Someone's knocking at the door.
    6 I'll wait outside the shop.
    12 Go down this road.
    8 He lives in the flat above me.
    9 He sits in front of the TV.

    Zaklopať na niečo je síce po anglicky to knock on, napr. He knocked on the door., ale pokiaľ niekto stojí pri dverách a klope, použije sa bežne aj at the door. Fráza to answer the door potom znamená: (ísť) otvoriť (niekomu, kto klope, zvoní).

    Exercise 13

    • Vyberte správnu predložku.

    4 There are lots of people at/in/about the streets.
    10 We were at/in/on the seaside not on/in/at the mountains.
    2 It's (a) quarter to/at/from six.
    6 We often meet at/on/inside the bus or in/on/at the bus stop.
    5 She asked me to/at/for it and I gave it for/to/at her.
    13 Meet me on/to/at the airport in/at/on eight o'clock.
    1 We'll meet at half to/after/past seven in/at/to my place.
    7 She's afraid to/of/about flying.
    3 It's freezing outside. The temperature is under/below/behind zero.
    9 My birthday is at/on/in 3rd March.
    12 I'll make a reservation in/at/to the Marriott Hotel.
    8 Walk over/through/by the bridge and then turn left.
    11 What are you doing in/at/on Friday?

    Príkaz: Meet me ... možno preložiť ako Stretneme sa... (tam a tam).

    Užitočná fráza: without somebody's knowing - bez niečieho vedomia. Napr.: He did it without my knowing. - Urobil to bez môjho vedomia.

    Exercise 15

    • Spojte súvisiace výroky.

    • 1 Why did Jane leave?
    • 2 Can we go now?
    • 3 Did you tell anybody?
    • 4 Did you speak to Bob?
    • 5 Where did you meet?
    • 6 How often do you go there?
    • 7 Will you come to the party?
    • 8 Did you go on holiday?
    • 9 Does he have any siblings?
    • 10 How much did it cost?
    • f No, we'll have to wait.
    • j No, he's an only child.
    • h It wasn't very expensive.
    • d Yes, we went on a road trip.
    • c She had to go to work.
    • g Yes, I spoke to him last week.
    • i Usually twice a week.
    • b We met on the bus.
    • e No, I won't be able to.
    • a No, I told nobody.

    Road trip rəʊdtrɪp je dlhšia cesta pre zábavu podniknutá hl. autom. Napr.: We went on a road trip around the US. - Obišli sme autom USA.

    Exercise 16

    • Vyberte správne slovo.

    1 How many/much will it cost?
    12 I speak very little/few English.
    3 There will be many/much people.
    2 He doesn't eat many/much meat.
    7 There were less/fewer people.
    6 That's too much/many money.
    13 He made much/many mistakes.
    18 Are there any other/another ideas?
    19 How many/much beers did you have?
    15 He causes too many/much trouble.
    4 I tried it many/much times.
    8 I have only little/a few friends.
    17 He should get other/another chance.
    11 There are little/few cars in the streets.
    10 How many/much water do you drink every day?
    5 There wasn't very/much time.
    16 It'll be many/much better.
    9 It should take only little/few time.
    14 There was few/little rain last year.

    Látkové podstatné mená ako tea, coffee, beer ap., sú síce všeobecne nepočítateľné, ale ak hovoríme o konkrétnych porciách, druhoch ap., ide už o slovo počítateľné. Takže napr.: You drink too much coffee., ale I had too many coffees., podobne I drank too much beer., ale How many beers did you have? ap.

    Exercise 17

    • Preložte pomocou účelového neurčitku.

    9 Učím sa po anglicky, aby som rozumel cudzincom. learn, understand, foreigner
    11 Zavolám bratovi, aby ma odviezol na letisko. call, take, to the airport
    2 Povedz jej, nech počká. tell, wait
    1 Požiadaj ho, aby mi to poslal. ask, send
    7 Povedz im, aby na nás nečakali. tell, wait
    13 Žiadala ma, aby som jej dal ďalšiu šancu. ask, give, chance
    12 Beriem si taxík, aby som neprišiel neskoro. take, taxi, be late
    6 Potrebujem, aby si mi pomohol. need you, help
    10 Musíme sa poponáhľať, aby sme tam boli včas. hurry, in time
    5 Som tu, aby som sa s ňou porozprával. speak to
    3 Volám, aby som ti povedal... call, tell
    4 Aby si mal peniaze, musíš pracovať. work, have money
    8 Chcem, aby si to urobil hneď. want you, do, right now

    By chance znamená náhodou. They met by chance. - Stretli sa náhodou.

    Exercise 18

    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    11 If you don't have a phone, you can use my/me/mine.
    4 If it is hot/cold/late, I will wear a coat.
    7 If you don't know what to do, ask everybody/somebody/nobody.
    6 She'll like you more if you leave/quit/let smoking.
    9 If you drink 5 beers, you'll be tall/drunk/broken.
    2 If you aren't sure, you had/should/shall ask somebody.
    5 How can he know that if somebody/nobody/everybody told him?
    12 If it's expensive/broken/lost, someone should repair it.
    13 Don't open the door unless you feel/know/smell the person behind it.
    8 It's early. If you call him now, you'll spend/wake/keep him.
    1 If you eat too much, you will be smart/fat/rich.
    10 If you're tired, you should have a look/rest/pity.
    3 If he's so smart, why isn't he tall/rich/broken?

    Nezamieňajte anglické feel (cítiť - dotykom, mať pocit) a smell (cítiť čuchom)! Napr.: Can you smell it? - “Cítiš to?”. Sloveso smell of ... je v angličtine všeobecne neutrálne (znamená byť cítiť čím) napr. It smells of petrol. - “Je to cítiť benzínom.”, smell good/nice je voňať a smell bad je páchnuť, smrdieť. V niektorých prípadoch však má už samotné smell negatívny kontext. Napr.: Your feet smell! - “Smrdia ti nohy!”, His breath smells. - “Páchne mu z úst.” ap.

    Exercise 19

    • Doplňte slova: soon, early, late, later, in time

    5 He'll call me in an hour, so we should know .
    10 We agreed to meet at 6 and it's 6:20. You are again!
    2 Last time he was late and today he's . He's never on time.
    4 I have no time now. I'll look at it .
    8 She lived there in the 1990s. It was around 1992.
    3 I'm leaving home now. I'll be there .
    1 He just left for a minute. He should be back .
    9 Please let me know as as possible!
    6 I hate people being late, so be there .
    7 He went to bed late. Don't wake him too .

    Agree with... je súhlasiť s..., ale spojenie: agree on ... alebo tiež agree to (do) ... znamená skôr dohodnúť sa na... (niečom). Agreed! əˈgriːd je po slovensky Platí!, Dohodnuté! či Súhlasím!

    Exercise 20

    • Doplňte podľa kontextu tvary slovesa do alebo make.

    14 He it to her happy.
    1 You are a big mistake!
    9 Can you a reservation for me? I'll my best.
    8 How much money does he ?
    11 I only have 10 dollars. Will it ? - No, it costs 15 dollars.
    12 Who's going to the shopping?
    4 You should your homework now.
    10 Please sure that you have enough money.
    6 Do you any sports?
    13 We're late but we can still it in time.
    2 What are you here? Are you waiting for someone?
    3 She's dinner just now.
    5 I need to a phone call.
    15 Stop fun of me!
    7 It doesn't sense. I get it.

    Všimnite si, ako sa anglické sloveso do spája s podstatnými menami končiacimi na -ing (často gerundiom). Vzniká tak veľa užitočných ustálených spojení ako napr. do the washing up - umyť riad, do the cleaning - upratať, Let me do the talking. - Nechaj hovoriť mňa., I did a lot of thinking. - Veľa som premýšľal. ap.

    Exercise 21

    • Povedzte po anglicky. Použite gerundium, kde je to možné.

    5 Ona mi stále volá. keep, call, all the time
    3 Je to lepšie než sedieť doma. sit at home
    7 Vieš si predstaviť, že by si tu zostal? imagine, stay
    1 Rád pozeráš televíziu? watch TV
    4 Skúšaj to ďalej! keep, try
    10 Chýba mi život na vidieku. miss, live in the country
    6 Kedy to dopíšeš? finish, write
    8 Mrzí ma, že som to povedal. be sorry for, say that
    2 Radšej cestujem vlakom. prefer, travel by train
    9 Nezmienil sa, že pôjde do Londýna. mention, go to London

    Sloveso miss možno po slovensky preložiť ako chýbať, treba ale dávať pozor na obrátenie podmetu a predmetu! Napr.: I miss you. - Chýbaš mi., He misses his friends. - Chýbajú mu jeho priatelia., I'm missing two books. - Chýbajú mi dve knihy. Pozor! Podstatné meno Miss je po slovensky slečna (pred menom ap.).

    Exercise 22

    • Vyberte správne slovo podľa výkladu.

    2 The mother of your father is your: grandfather/grandmother/daughter
    6 A man who is not married is: free/single/double
    4 The son of a man's daughter is his: grandpa/grandparent/grandson
    10 If two people were married but they aren't married now, they are: husbands/widowed/divorced
    1 Your mother and father are your: siblings/parents/husbands
    3 If children are brothers or sisters, the are siblings/relatives/married
    7 A person with no siblings is: an only child/a widow/a learner
    8 A child with no parents is: a widow/an orphan/a sibling
    5 A husband and his wife are: married/widowed/single
    9 If a woman's husband dies, she is: divorced/an orphan/a widow

    Exercise 23

    • Doplňte podľa kontextu other, another alebo else.

    8 I'll come time.
    10 George is just New Yorker visiting London.
    4 What things do you like?
    3 What will you need?
    2 What do people think?
    6 We will find some place.
    5 Let's go somewhere .
    7 Is there anything I can do for you?
    9 Nobody knows that.
    1 Why do you need car?

    Koncovka -er sa používa aj na tvorenie názvov obyvateľov istého mesta či miesta. Napr.: Londoner ˈlʌndənə (Londýnčan), New Yorker njuː jɔːkə (Newyorčan), village (dedina) - villager ˈvɪlɪdʒə (dedinčan), island (ostrov) - islander ˈaɪləndə (ostrovan) ap. Nemožno ju však takto použiť vždy! Napr. Parížan je Parisian pəˈrɪzɪən, Riman je Roman ˈrəʊmən ap.

    Exercise 24

    • Preložte.

    5 Mal som veľa práce.
    12 Idem nakupovať.
    13 John tam chodí každý deň.
    15 Prídem o pol šiestej.
    1 Kde si včera bol?
    10 Koľko to stojí?
    2 Mohli by ste mi pomôcť?
    14 Nesmie o tom vedieť.
    7 Mal by si jej zavolať.
    6 Ideš s nami?
    4 Prečo si mi to neposlal?
    11 Nepotrebujem to.
    8 Kto ti to povedal?
    17 Museli sme čakať.
    20 Prezreli sme si pamiatky.
    18 Nemohol som to nájsť.
    19 Nebudem môcť prísť.
    9 Vyzerá to dobre.
    16 Strávili sme týždeň pri mori.
    3 Chodí do práce autom.

    Slovo sightseeing je zloženinou slov sights (pamiatky, pamätihodnosti) a seeing (videnie, pozeranie), teda “prezeranie pamiatok”. Places to visit sú miesta, ktoré sa oplatí navštíviť.