Exercises

Exercise 1

    • Preložte do slovenčiny.

    7 It was nice meeting you.
    4 She knew nothing about it.
    19 That sounds interesting.
    2 Take a look at this!
    20 It feels great!
    9 Is this your first time here?
    3 Tell him not to buy it.
    17 I spent an hour looking for it.
    13 Let's go shopping!
    8 We met several times.
    12 She never speaks to me.
    15 He doesn't care about her.
    1 What are you watching?
    14 She keeps talking about it.
    6 It'll be best to take a taxi.
    5 He tries hard to be the best.
    10 What time does your plane land?
    11 I'll pick you up at the airport.
    18 There's no need to worry.
    16 Shall we sit down?

    Feel je cítiť alebo cítiť sa, ale možno ho použiť aj keď opisujeme, aký pocit niečo vyvoláva. Napr. It feels good. - Je to dobrý pocit., It feels cold. - Chladí to.

    Exercise 2

    • Odpovedzte celou vetou kladne a potom záporne.

    2 Does he know?
    7 Do they agree?
    9 Could he do it for us?
    4 Have you got any money?
    8 Should I tell her?
    5 Is she coming too?
    6 Will you be there?
    1 Are you hungry?
    10 Am I right?
    3 Can they help us?

    Right znamená správny či správne. Možno ho ale tiež použiť v uisťovacích otázkach. Napr. Is that right? - Je to tak? či iba Right? - Že (áno)?

    Exercise 3

    • Tvorte otázky. Pýtajte sa na zvýraznené slová.

    10 We got there at seven.
    3 They're going to arrange it.
    12 It's going to take a week.
    7 Bob broke his leg last week.
    11 He's got no children.
    9 He goes there twice a week.
    8 She's afraid of flying.
    2 Frank is coming too.
    5 It costs twenty dollars.
    4 We'll meet on Wednesday.
    6 Only ten people came there.
    1 I'm watching the news.

    Exercise 4

    • Napíšte po anglicky celými slovami číselné údaje.

    1 on May 1st and 26th
    13 Charles II and Henry VIII
    12 phone number 670098883
    10 in the 1980s
    11 bus number 102
    8 9,756,004
    6 0.05 seconds
    7 35,785
    9 in the year 2015
    2 He was 52nd.
    5 4.6,000,000
    3 246 people
    4 3,500

    V písanej angličtine (hl. v novinách ap.) môžete často v kontexte súm a hodnôt naraziť na skratky K či k pre tisíce (z anglického kilo) a M či m pre milióny million. Napr. They spent $2.5M - “Utratili 2,5 milióna dolárov.”, It cost $15k. - “Stálo to 15 tisíc dolárov.” Podobne sa používa aj skratka B či bn pre miliardy (billion).

    Exercise 5

    • Odpovedzte celou vetou podľa pomôcok.

    11 Were there any problems? lots of
    7 What did they want? more money
    12 What did she tell you? nothing
    5 How much did it cost? 2000 dollars
    9 What did you drink? only tea
    3 When did she come back? at 2 a.m.
    8 Did he cause any problems? no problems
    2 How many dogs does she have? 2 dogs
    10 Did you have a good time? great time
    4 What are we going to do? ask them for help
    1 How often does he exercise? 3x a week
    13 When did you see him? last week
    6 When is she coming back? on Friday
    14 Did you travel by bus? no, hire a car

    Sloveso hire možno v britskej angličtine použiť aj na človeka a vec. V americkej angličtine sa ale hire užíva len na pracovníkov. Na prenájom vecí (požičiavanie za peniaze) sa v USA užíva rent. Napr.: We rented a car. - Požičali sme si auto. ap.

    Exercise 6

    • Tvorte vety opačného významu.

    5 She doesn't like travelling.
    10 We'll be able to come.
    9 They could help us.
    8 There were more people.
    7 She's got a lot of friends.
    2 She should tell them.
    4 You should eat less meat.
    6 There's too much water.
    1 He speaks English.
    3 I'm going to tell him.

    Exercise 7

    • Tvorte oznamovacie vety v prítomnom, budúcom a jednoduchom minulom čase.

    7 we, spend weekends abroad
    4 we, meet, on the bus
    1 he, speak about it
    3 she, send us, messages
    9 he, not like the food
    2 my parents, know
    8 our dog, not eat that
    10 the car, be, not expensive
    5 I, give him, the money
    6 she, sit between us

    Exercise 8

    • Povedzte po anglicky. Využite pomôcky.

    6 Požiadaj ju, nech príde.
    ask, come
    7 To bude omnoho lepšie.
    better
    10 To je ale škoda!
    pity
    4 Vyzerá to zaujímavo.
    look
    5 Nehovor mu o tom!
    tell
    1 To znie dobre!
    sound
    2 Poďme ku mne (domov)!
    my place
    3 Nech mi zavolá! (on)
    let, call
    8 Nehádajme sa!
    let, argue
    9 Pekne to vonia.
    smell

    Exercise 9

    • Upravte vety do času jednoduchého prítomného a jednoduchého minulého.

    2 Bob is trying hard.
    8 I'm writing some e-mails.
    6 He's coming.
    3 It's snowing.
    9 He's bringing her flowers.
    4 She's making dinner.
    5 School is beginning.
    10 I'm drinking beer.
    7 She's sleeping late.
    1 She's feeling good.

    Exercise 10

    • Doplňte 2. alebo 3. stupeň prídavných mien.

    6 It's such a bad film! I think it's the film of all.
    10 You didn't try enough. You must try next time.
    3 He may be fast, but he isn't the in the world.
    7 Jane is so beautiful. She's the girl that I know.
    5 My idea was bad but his idea is even .
    12 There were only 9 people last time, but today there are even .
    2 My dog is big, but his dog is even .
    8 It's very dangerous. You should be careful.
    9 He tried so hard. He really did his .
    1 He's tall but he isn't the boy in the family.
    4 That house is expensive, but this house is much .
    11 He's good at tennis, but I am much .

    Pozor na predložku: be good at ... - byť dobrý v... Napr.: He's good at it. - Ide mu to., Je v tom dobrý., I'm really bad at that. - To mi vôbec nejde. Slovo even sa používa na zdôraznenie ako slovenské ešte alebo dokonca či v zápore ani. Napr. He didn't even say goodbye. - Ani sa nerozlúčil. ap.

    Exercise 11

    • Použite gerundium na vytvorenie vety s rovnakým významom.

    1 He likes to play games.
    4 He continued to read.
    11 She works hard and she enjoys it.
    5 We love it when we go out.
    3 Music started to play.
    7 It should be easy to repair.
    6 He hates it when he gets up early.
    12 I can remember that he told her.
    9 I dislike it when I have to wait.
    2 They love to sing.
    8 It will be hard to solve.
    10 I hate it when people lie to me.

    Exercise 12

    • Preložte. Sústreďte sa na predložky.

    5 The worst is behind us.
    3 It's just around the corner.
    12 Go down this road.
    10 I'm ready for anything.
    9 He sits in front of the TV.
    13 We are open from 8 a.m. to 6 p.m.
    8 He lives in the flat above me.
    6 I'll wait outside the shop.
    2 You are among friends.
    1 She left for work an hour ago.
    14 Someone's knocking at the door.
    7 What else do you like besides watching TV?
    11 You can't take it on the plane.
    4 people aged between 30 and 50

    Zaklopať na niečo je síce po anglicky to knock on, napr. He knocked on the door., ale pokiaľ niekto stojí pri dverách a klope, použije sa bežne aj at the door. Fráza to answer the door potom znamená: (ísť) otvoriť (niekomu, kto klope, zvoní).

    Exercise 13

    • Vyberte správnu predložku.

    4 There are lots of people at/in/about the streets.
    10 We were at/in/on the seaside not on/in/at the mountains.
    5 She asked me to/at/for it and I gave it for/to/at her.
    8 Walk over/through/by the bridge and then turn left.
    12 I'll make a reservation in/at/to the Marriott Hotel.
    11 What are you doing in/at/on Friday?
    1 We'll meet at half to/after/past seven in/at/to my place.
    13 Meet me on/to/at the airport in/at/on eight o'clock.
    7 She's afraid to/of/about flying.
    2 It's (a) quarter to/at/from six.
    9 My birthday is at/on/in 3rd March.
    6 We often meet at/on/inside the bus or in/on/at the bus stop.
    3 It's freezing outside. The temperature is under/below/behind zero.

    Príkaz: Meet me ... možno preložiť ako Stretneme sa... (tam a tam).

    Užitočná fráza: without somebody's knowing - bez niečieho vedomia. Napr.: He did it without my knowing. - Urobil to bez môjho vedomia.

    Exercise 15

    • Spojte súvisiace výroky.

    • 1 Why did Jane leave?
    • 2 Can we go now?
    • 3 Did you tell anybody?
    • 4 Did you speak to Bob?
    • 5 Where did you meet?
    • 6 How often do you go there?
    • 7 Will you come to the party?
    • 8 Did you go on holiday?
    • 9 Does he have any siblings?
    • 10 How much did it cost?
    • f No, we'll have to wait.
    • j No, he's an only child.
    • e No, I won't be able to.
    • g Yes, I spoke to him last week.
    • a No, I told nobody.
    • b We met on the bus.
    • d Yes, we went on a road trip.
    • h It wasn't very expensive.
    • i Usually twice a week.
    • c She had to go to work.

    Road trip rəʊdtrɪp je dlhšia cesta pre zábavu podniknutá hl. autom. Napr.: We went on a road trip around the US. - Obišli sme autom USA.

    Exercise 16

    • Vyberte správne slovo.

    11 There are little/few cars in the streets.
    5 There wasn't very/much time.
    18 Are there any other/another ideas?
    9 It should take only little/few time.
    3 There will be many/much people.
    2 He doesn't eat many/much meat.
    17 He should get other/another chance.
    15 He causes too many/much trouble.
    4 I tried it many/much times.
    7 There were less/fewer people.
    12 I speak very little/few English.
    6 That's too much/many money.
    13 He made much/many mistakes.
    14 There was few/little rain last year.
    8 I have only little/a few friends.
    1 How many/much will it cost?
    19 How many/much beers did you have?
    16 It'll be many/much better.
    10 How many/much water do you drink every day?

    Látkové podstatné mená ako tea, coffee, beer ap., sú síce všeobecne nepočítateľné, ale ak hovoríme o konkrétnych porciách, druhoch ap., ide už o slovo počítateľné. Takže napr.: You drink too much coffee., ale I had too many coffees., podobne I drank too much beer., ale How many beers did you have? ap.

    Exercise 17

    • Preložte pomocou účelového neurčitku.

    10 Musíme sa poponáhľať, aby sme tam boli včas. hurry, in time
    4 Aby si mal peniaze, musíš pracovať. work, have money
    11 Zavolám bratovi, aby ma odviezol na letisko. call, take, to the airport
    6 Potrebujem, aby si mi pomohol. need you, help
    9 Učím sa po anglicky, aby som rozumel cudzincom. learn, understand, foreigner
    7 Povedz im, aby na nás nečakali. tell, wait
    5 Som tu, aby som sa s ňou porozprával. speak to
    2 Povedz jej, nech počká. tell, wait
    3 Volám, aby som ti povedal... call, tell
    13 Žiadala ma, aby som jej dal ďalšiu šancu. ask, give, chance
    12 Beriem si taxík, aby som neprišiel neskoro. take, taxi, be late
    8 Chcem, aby si to urobil hneď. want you, do, right now
    1 Požiadaj ho, aby mi to poslal. ask, send

    By chance znamená náhodou. They met by chance. - Stretli sa náhodou.

    Exercise 18

    • Vyberte vhodné slovo.

    9 If you drink 5 beers, you'll be tall/drunk/broken.
    13 Don't open the door unless you feel/know/smell the person behind it.
    10 If you're tired, you should have a look/rest/pity.
    8 It's early. If you call him now, you'll spend/wake/keep him.
    6 She'll like you more if you leave/quit/let smoking.
    3 If he's so smart, why isn't he tall/rich/broken?
    1 If you eat too much, you will be smart/fat/rich.
    12 If it's expensive/broken/lost, someone should repair it.
    2 If you aren't sure, you had/should/shall ask somebody.
    11 If you don't have a phone, you can use my/me/mine.
    4 If it is hot/cold/late, I will wear a coat.
    7 If you don't know what to do, ask everybody/somebody/nobody.
    5 How can he know that if somebody/nobody/everybody told him?

    Nezamieňajte anglické feel (cítiť - dotykom, mať pocit) a smell (cítiť čuchom)! Napr.: Can you smell it? - “Cítiš to?”. Sloveso smell of ... je v angličtine všeobecne neutrálne (znamená byť cítiť čím) napr. It smells of petrol. - “Je to cítiť benzínom.”, smell good/nice je voňať a smell bad je páchnuť, smrdieť. V niektorých prípadoch však má už samotné smell negatívny kontext. Napr.: Your feet smell! - “Smrdia ti nohy!”, His breath smells. - “Páchne mu z úst.” ap.

    Exercise 19

    • Doplňte slova: soon, early, late, later, in time

    3 I'm leaving home now. I'll be there .
    5 He'll call me in an hour, so we should know .
    6 I hate people being late, so be there .
    8 She lived there in the 1990s. It was around 1992.
    4 I have no time now. I'll look at it .
    9 Please let me know as as possible!
    10 We agreed to meet at 6 and it's 6:20. You are again!
    2 Last time he was late and today he's . He's never on time.
    1 He just left for a minute. He should be back .
    7 He went to bed late. Don't wake him too .

    Agree with... je súhlasiť s..., ale spojenie: agree on ... alebo tiež agree to (do) ... znamená skôr dohodnúť sa na... (niečom). Agreed! əˈgriːd je po slovensky Platí!, Dohodnuté! či Súhlasím!

    Exercise 20

    • Doplňte podľa kontextu tvary slovesa do alebo make.

    12 Who's going to the shopping?
    6 Do you any sports?
    2 What are you here? Are you waiting for someone?
    7 It doesn't sense. I get it.
    11 I only have 10 dollars. Will it ? - No, it costs 15 dollars.
    3 She's dinner just now.
    15 Stop fun of me!
    8 How much money does he ?
    10 Please sure that you have enough money.
    4 You should your homework now.
    9 Can you a reservation for me? I'll my best.
    14 He it to her happy.
    13 We're late but we can still it in time.
    5 I need to a phone call.
    1 You are a big mistake!

    Všimnite si, ako sa anglické sloveso do spája s podstatnými menami končiacimi na -ing (často gerundiom). Vzniká tak veľa užitočných ustálených spojení ako napr. do the washing up - umyť riad, do the cleaning - upratať, Let me do the talking. - Nechaj hovoriť mňa., I did a lot of thinking. - Veľa som premýšľal. ap.

    Exercise 21

    • Povedzte po anglicky. Použite gerundium, kde je to možné.

    6 Kedy to dopíšeš? finish, write
    2 Radšej cestujem vlakom. prefer, travel by train
    5 Ona mi stále volá. keep, call, all the time
    3 Je to lepšie než sedieť doma. sit at home
    8 Mrzí ma, že som to povedal. be sorry for, say that
    9 Nezmienil sa, že pôjde do Londýna. mention, go to London
    1 Rád pozeráš televíziu? watch TV
    10 Chýba mi život na vidieku. miss, live in the country
    7 Vieš si predstaviť, že by si tu zostal? imagine, stay
    4 Skúšaj to ďalej! keep, try

    Sloveso miss možno po slovensky preložiť ako chýbať, treba ale dávať pozor na obrátenie podmetu a predmetu! Napr.: I miss you. - Chýbaš mi., He misses his friends. - Chýbajú mu jeho priatelia., I'm missing two books. - Chýbajú mi dve knihy. Pozor! Podstatné meno Miss je po slovensky slečna (pred menom ap.).

    Exercise 22

    • Vyberte správne slovo podľa výkladu.

    2 The mother of your father is your: grandfather/grandmother/daughter
    3 If children are brothers or sisters, the are siblings/relatives/married
    10 If two people were married but they aren't married now, they are: husbands/widowed/divorced
    4 The son of a man's daughter is his: grandpa/grandparent/grandson
    8 A child with no parents is: a widow/an orphan/a sibling
    6 A man who is not married is: free/single/double
    7 A person with no siblings is: an only child/a widow/a learner
    1 Your mother and father are your: siblings/parents/husbands
    5 A husband and his wife are: married/widowed/single
    9 If a woman's husband dies, she is: divorced/an orphan/a widow

    Exercise 23

    • Doplňte podľa kontextu other, another alebo else.

    3 What will you need?
    10 George is just New Yorker visiting London.
    6 We will find some place.
    1 Why do you need car?
    2 What do people think?
    4 What things do you like?
    8 I'll come time.
    9 Nobody knows that.
    7 Is there anything I can do for you?
    5 Let's go somewhere .

    Koncovka -er sa používa aj na tvorenie názvov obyvateľov istého mesta či miesta. Napr.: Londoner ˈlʌndənə (Londýnčan), New Yorker njuː jɔːkə (Newyorčan), village (dedina) - villager ˈvɪlɪdʒə (dedinčan), island (ostrov) - islander ˈaɪləndə (ostrovan) ap. Nemožno ju však takto použiť vždy! Napr. Parížan je Parisian pəˈrɪzɪən, Riman je Roman ˈrəʊmən ap.

    Exercise 24

    • Preložte.

    2 Mohli by ste mi pomôcť?
    11 Nepotrebujem to.
    7 Mal by si jej zavolať.
    20 Prezreli sme si pamiatky.
    12 Idem nakupovať.
    16 Strávili sme týždeň pri mori.
    17 Museli sme čakať.
    15 Prídem o pol šiestej.
    19 Nebudem môcť prísť.
    3 Chodí do práce autom.
    18 Nemohol som to nájsť.
    8 Kto ti to povedal?
    1 Kde si včera bol?
    4 Prečo si mi to neposlal?
    14 Nesmie o tom vedieť.
    13 John tam chodí každý deň.
    10 Koľko to stojí?
    9 Vyzerá to dobre.
    5 Mal som veľa práce.
    6 Ideš s nami?

    Slovo sightseeing je zloženinou slov sights (pamiatky, pamätihodnosti) a seeing (videnie, pozeranie), teda “prezeranie pamiatok”. Places to visit sú miesta, ktoré sa oplatí navštíviť.